1
|
Wu J, Wang J, Wang P, Su C, Hui W, Gong W. Ethylene-induced improvement in photosynthetic performance of Zanthoxylum armatum under reoxygenation conditions. Funct Plant Biol 2023; 50:712-723. [PMID: 37491008 DOI: 10.1071/fp23079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the photosynthetic performance of Zanthoxylum armatum seedlings to test the tolerance to reoxygenation after waterlogging. The experiment included a control group without waterlogging (NW) and three reoxygenation groups with reoxygenation after 1day (WR1), 2days (WR2) and 3days (WR3). Seedlings were pretreated with concentrations of 0, 200 and 400μmolL-1 of ethylene. The results showed that reoxygenation after waterlogging for 1-3days decreased photosynthetic pigments content, enzymes activity, stomatal conductance (G s ), net photosynthetic rate (P n ), transpiration rate (T r ) and water-use efficiency (WUE). However, pretreatment with ethylene increased photosynthetic pigments content, enzymes activity and gas exchange parameters under both NW and WR3 treatments. The chlorophyll fluorescence results showed that the maximum quantum yield of PSII (F v /F m ) and actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (Φ PSII ) remained no significant changes under the NW and WR1 treatments, while they were significantly reduced with an increase in waterlogging days followed by reoxygenation under WR2 and WR3 treatments. Exogenous ethylene inhibited F v /F m and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ), while enhanced Φ PSII and electron transfer efficiency (ETR) under WR2 treatments. Moreover, the accumulation of exogenous ethylene reduced photosynthetic ability. These findings provide insights into the role of ethylene in enhancing the tolerance of Z. armatum to reoxygenation stress, which could help mitigate the impact of continued climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jingyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Peiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chengyi Su
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenkai Hui
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu W, Zhao M, Zhang S, Li Y, Dai J, Gu C, Li X, Yang L, Qin L, Liao X. Optimized leaf storage and photosynthetic nitrogen trade-off promote synergistic increases in photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency. Physiol Plant 2023; 175:e14013. [PMID: 37882267 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
A coordinated increase in the photosynthetic rate (A) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) is an effective strategy for improving crop yield and nitrogen (N) utilization efficiency. PNUE tends to decrease with increasing N levels, but there are natural variations. Consequently, leaf functional N partitioning in Brassica napus genotypes under different N rates was measured to explore the optimized N allocation model for synchronously increasing A and PNUE values. The results showed that genotypes whose PNUE increased with increasing N supply (PNUE-I) produced an approximate A value with a relatively low leaf N content, owing to reduced storage N (Nstore ) and close photosynthetic N (Npsn ) content. Partial least squares path modeling showed that A was dominated by the Npsn content, and PNUE was directly influenced by A and Nstore . The A value increased with the Npsn content until the Npsn content exceeded the threshold value. The boundary line of PNUE varied with the Npsn and Nstore proportions, indicating that the optimum Npsn and Nstore proportions were 51.6% and 40.3%, respectively. The Nstore proportion of PNUE-I was closer to the thresholds and benefited from lower increments in Rubisco content and nonprotein form storage N content with improved N supply. Optimized Nstore and Npsn trade-off by regulating increments in Nstore content with increased N supply, thereby promoting coordinated increases in A and PNUE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshi Hu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Manli Zhao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinshui Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Dai
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Chiming Gu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Qin
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Liao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parkash V, Snider JL, Sintim HY, Hand LC, Virk G, Pokhrel A. Differential sensitivities of photosynthetic processes and carbon loss mechanisms govern N-induced variation in net carbon assimilation rate for field-grown cotton. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:2638-2652. [PMID: 36715336 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deficiency limits the net carbon assimilation rate (AN), but the relative N sensitivities of photosynthetic component processes and carbon loss mechanisms remain relatively unexplored for field-grown cotton. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to define the relative sensitivity of individual physiological processes driving N deficiency-induced declines in AN for field-grown cotton. Among the potential diffusional limitations evaluated, mesophyll conductance was the only parameter substantially reduced by N deficiency, but this did not affect CO2 availability in the chloroplast. A number of metabolic processes were negatively impacted by N deficiency, and these effects were more pronounced at lower leaf positions in the cotton canopy. Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration and carboxylation, AN, and gross photosynthesis were the most sensitive metabolic processes to N deficiency, whereas photosynthetic electron transport processes, electron flux to photorespiration, and dark respiration exhibited intermediate sensitivity to N deficiency. Among thylakoid-specific processes, the quantum yield of PSI end electron acceptor reduction was the most sensitive process to N deficiency. It was concluded that AN is primarily limited by Rubisco carboxylation and RuBP regeneration under N deficiency in field-grown cotton, and the differential N sensitivities of the photosynthetic process and carbon loss mechanisms contributed significantly to photosynthetic declines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ved Parkash
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794, USA
| | - John L Snider
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794, USA
| | - Henry Y Sintim
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794, USA
| | - Lavesta C Hand
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794, USA
| | - Gurpreet Virk
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794, USA
| | - Amrit Pokhrel
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Souza AH, de Oliveira US, Oliveira LA, de Carvalho PHN, de Andrade MT, Pereira TS, Gomes Junior CC, Cardoso AA, Ramalho JDC, Martins SCV, DaMatta FM. Growth and Leaf Gas Exchange Upregulation by Elevated [CO 2] Is Light Dependent in Coffee Plants. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1479. [PMID: 37050105 PMCID: PMC10097104 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants have been assorted as highly suitable to growth at elevated [CO2] (eCa), although such suitability is hypothesized to decrease under severe shade. We herein examined how the combination of eCa and contrasting irradiance affects growth and photosynthetic performance. Coffee plants were grown in open-top chambers under relatively high light (HL) or low light (LL) (9 or 1 mol photons m-2 day-1, respectively), and aCa or eCa (437 or 705 μmol mol-1, respectively). Most traits were affected by light and CO2, and by their interaction. Relative to aCa, our main findings were (i) a greater stomatal conductance (gs) (only at HL) with decreased diffusive limitations to photosynthesis, (ii) greater gs during HL-to-LL transitions, whereas gs was unresponsive to the LL-to-HL transitions irrespective of [CO2], (iii) greater leaf nitrogen pools (only at HL) and higher photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency irrespective of light, (iv) lack of photosynthetic acclimation, and (v) greater biomass partitioning to roots and earlier branching. In summary, eCa improved plant growth and photosynthetic performance. Our novel and timely findings suggest that coffee plants are highly suited for a changing climate characterized by a progressive elevation of [CO2], especially if the light is nonlimiting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio H. de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Ueliton S. de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A. Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Pablo H. N. de Carvalho
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Moab T. de Andrade
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Talitha S. Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos C. Gomes Junior
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Amanda A. Cardoso
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - José D. C. Ramalho
- PlantStress & Biodiversity Lab., Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Laboratório Associado Terra, Departamento de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marquês, Av. da República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Samuel C. V. Martins
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Fábio M. DaMatta
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lei Z, Han J, Chen Y, Zhang W, Cai X, Liu F, Zhang Y. The effect of shift in physiological and anatomical traits on light use efficiency under cotton domestication. Physiol Plant 2023; 175:e13884. [PMID: 36852897 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect of crop domestication on photosynthetic productivity has been well-studied, but at present, none examines its impacts on leaf anatomy and, consequently, light use efficiency in cotton. We investigated leaf and vein anatomy traits, light use efficiency (LUE) and gas exchange in 26 wild and 30 domesticated genotypes of cotton grown under field conditions. The results showed that domestication resulted in a higher photosynthetic rate, higher stomatal conductance, and lower lamina mass per area. Higher LUE was underpinned by the thicker leaves, greater vein volume, elongated palisade and higher chlorophyll content, although there was no difference in the apparent quantum yield. The lower vein mass per area in domesticated genotypes contributed to the reduction of lamina mass per area, but there was no decrease in vein length per area. Our study suggests that domestication has triggered a considerable shift in physiological and anatomical traits to support the increase in LUE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangying Lei
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jimei Han
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, People's Republic of China
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Science Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Yunrui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cun Z, Wu HM, Zhang JY, Shuang SP, Hong J, An TX, Chen JW. High nitrogen inhibits biomass and saponins accumulation in a medicinal plant Panax notoginseng. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14933. [PMID: 36846464 PMCID: PMC9951802 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an important macronutrient and is comprehensively involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites. However, the interaction between N supply and crop yield and the accumulation of effective constituents in an N-sensitive medicinal plant Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen is not completely known. Morphological traits, N use and allocation, photosynthetic capacity and saponins accumulation were evaluated in two- and three-year-old P. notoginseng grown under different N regimes. The number and length of fibrous root, total root length and root volume were reduced with the increase of N supply. The accumulation of leaf and stem biomass (above-ground) were enhanced with increasing N supply, and LN-grown plants had the lowest root biomass. Above-ground biomass was closely correlated with N content, and the relationship between root biomass and N content was negatives in P. notoginseng (r = -0.92). N use efficiency-related parameters, NUE (N use efficiency, etc.), NC (N content in carboxylation system component) and P n (the net photosynthetic rate) were reduced in HN-grown P. notoginseng. SLN (specific leaf N), Chl (chlorophyll), NL (N content in light capture component) increased with an increase in N application. Interestingly, root biomass was positively correlated with NUE, yield and P n. Above-ground biomass was close negatively correlated with photosynthetic N use efficiency (PNUE). Saponins content was positively correlated with NUE and P n. Additionally, HN improved the root yield of per plant compared with LN, but reduced the accumulation of saponins, and the lowest yield of saponins per unit area (35.71 kg·hm-2) was recorded in HN-grown plants. HN-grown medicinal plants could inhibit the accumulation of root biomass by reducing N use and photosynthetic capacity, and HN-induced decrease in the accumulation of saponins (C-containing metabolites) might be closely related to the decline in N efficiency and photosynthetic capacity. Overall, N excess reduces the yield of root and C-containing secondary metabolites (active ingredient) in N-sensitive medicinal species such as P. notoginseng.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Cun
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Min Wu
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-Yan Zhang
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Sheng-Pu Shuang
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Hong
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Tong-Xin An
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun-Wen Chen
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu Q, He H, He B, Li T, Liu Y, Zhu S, Zhang G. Nitrogen Allocation Tradeoffs Within-Leaf between Photosynthesis and High-Temperature Adaptation among Different Varieties of Pecan ( Carya illinoinensis [Wangenh.] K. Koch). Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2828. [PMID: 36365281 PMCID: PMC9657520 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Interpreting leaf nitrogen (N) allocation is essential to understanding leaf N cycling and the economy of plant adaptation to environmental fluctuations, yet the way these mechanisms shift in various varieties under high temperatures remains unclear. Here, eight varieties of pecan (Carya illinoinensis [Wangenh.] K. Koch), Mahan, YLC10, YLC12, YLC13, YLC29, YLC35, YLJ042, and YLJ5, were compared to investigate the effects of high temperatures on leaf N, photosynthesis, N allocation, osmolytes, and lipid peroxidation and their interrelations. Results showed that YLC35 had a higher maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pmax) and photosynthetic N-use efficiency (PNUE), while YLC29 had higher N content per area (Na) and lower PNUE. YLC35, with lower malondialdehyde (MDA), had the highest proportions of N allocation in rubisco (Pr), bioenergetics (Pb), and photosynthetic apparatus (Pp), while YLC29, with the highest MDA, had the lowest Pr, Pb, and Pp, implying more leaf N allocated to the photosynthetic apparatus for boosting PNUE or to non-photosynthetic apparatus for alleviating damage. Structural equation modeling (SEM) demonstrated that N allocation was affected negatively by leaf N and positively by photosynthesis, and their combination indirectly affected lipid peroxidation through the reverse regulation of N allocation. Our results indicate that different varieties of pecan employ different resource-utilization strategies and growth-defense tradeoffs for homeostatic balance under high temperatures.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lei Z, Westerband AC, Wright IJ, He Y, Zhang W, Cai X, Zhou Z, Liu F, Zhang Y. Leaf trait covariation and controls on leaf mass per area (LMA) following cotton domestication. Ann Bot 2022; 130:231-243. [PMID: 35849070 PMCID: PMC9445596 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The process of domestication has driven dramatic shifts in plant functional traits, including leaf mass per area (LMA). It remains unclear whether domestication has produced concerted shifts in the lower-level anatomical traits that underpin LMA and how these traits in turn affect photosynthesis. METHODS In this study we investigated controls of LMA and leaf gas exchange by leaf anatomical properties at the cellular, tissue and whole-leaf levels, comparing 26 wild and 31 domesticated genotypes of cotton (Gossypium). KEY RESULTS As expected, domesticated plants expressed lower LMA, higher photosynthesis and higher stomatal conductance, suggesting a shift towards the 'faster' end of the leaf economics spectrum. At whole-leaf level, variation in LMA was predominantly determined by leaf density (LD) both in wild and domesticated genotypes. At tissue level, higher leaf volume per area (Vleaf) in domesticated genotypes was driven by a simultaneous increase in the volume of epidermal, mesophyll and vascular bundle tissue and airspace, while lower LD resulted from a lower volume of palisade tissue and vascular bundles (which are of high density), paired with a greater volume of epidermis and airspace, which are of low density. The volume of spongy mesophyll exerted direct control on photosynthesis in domesticated genotypes but only indirect control in wild genotypes. At cellular level, a shift to larger but less numerous cells with thinner cell walls underpinned a lower proportion of cell wall mass, and thus a reduction in LD. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, cotton domestication has triggered synergistic shifts in the underlying determinants of LMA but also photosynthesis, at cell, tissue and whole-leaf levels, resulting in a marked shift in plant ecological strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangying Lei
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, P.R. China
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea C Westerband
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian J Wright
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- ARC Centre for Plant Success in Nature & Agriculture, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, P.R. China
| | - Wangfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, P.R. China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Esmaeili S, Aliniaeifard S, Dianati Daylami S, Karimi S, Shomali A, Didaran F, Telesiński A, Sierka E, Kalaji HM. Elevated light intensity compensates for nitrogen deficiency during chrysanthemum growth by improving water and nitrogen use efficiency. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10002. [PMID: 35705667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying environmental factors that improve plant growth and development under nitrogen (N) constraint is essential for sustainable greenhouse production. In the present study, the role of light intensity and N concentrations on the biomass partitioning and physiology of chrysanthemum was investigated. Four light intensities [75, 150, 300, and 600 µmol m-2 s-1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD)] and three N concentrations (5, 10, and 15 mM N L-1) were used. Vegetative and generative growth traits were improved by increase in PPFD and N concentration. High N supply reduced stomatal size and gs in plants under lowest PPFD. Under low PPFD, the share of biomass allocated to leaves and stem was higher than that of flower and roots while in plants grown under high PPFD, the share of biomass allocated to flower and root outweighed that of allocated to leaves and stem. As well, positive effects of high PPFD on chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, water use efficiency (WUE), Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) were observed in N-deficient plants. Furthermore, photosynthetic functionality improved by raise in PPFD. In conclusion, high PPFD reduced the adverse effects of N deficiency by improving photosynthesis and stomatal functionality, NUE, WUE, and directing biomass partitioning toward the floral organs.
Collapse
|