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Koh AS, Kovalik JP. Metabolomics and cardiovascular imaging: a combined approach for cardiovascular ageing. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:1738-1750. [PMID: 33783981 PMCID: PMC8120371 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to explore how metabolomics can help uncover new biomarkers and mechanisms for cardiovascular ageing. Cardiovascular ageing refers to cardiovascular structural and functional alterations that occur with chronological ageing and that can lead to the development of cardiovascular disease. These alterations, which were previously only detectable on tissue histology or corroborated on blood samples, are now detectable with modern imaging techniques. Despite the emergence of powerful new imaging tools, clinical investigation into cardiovascular ageing is challenging because ageing is a life course phenomenon involving known and unknown risk factors that play out in a dynamic fashion. Metabolomic profiling measures large numbers of metabolites with diverse chemical properties. Metabolomics has the potential to capture changes in biochemistry brought about by pathophysiologic processes as well as by normal ageing. When combined with non-invasive cardiovascular imaging tools, metabolomics can be used to understand pathological consequences of cardiovascular ageing. This review will summarize previous metabolomics and imaging studies in cardiovascular ageing. These methods may be a clinically relevant and novel approach to identify mechanisms of cardiovascular ageing and formulate or personalize treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela S Koh
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jean-Paul Kovalik
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Chung HY, Kim DH, Lee EK, Chung KW, Chung S, Lee B, Seo AY, Chung JH, Jung YS, Im E, Lee J, Kim ND, Choi YJ, Im DS, Yu BP. Redefining Chronic Inflammation in Aging and Age-Related Diseases: Proposal of the Senoinflammation Concept. Aging Dis 2019; 10:367-382. [PMID: 31011483 PMCID: PMC6457053 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-associated chronic inflammation is characterized by unresolved and uncontrolled inflammation with multivariable low-grade, chronic and systemic responses that exacerbate the aging process and age-related chronic diseases. Currently, there are two major hypotheses related to the involvement of chronic inflammation in the aging process: molecular inflammation of aging and inflammaging. However, neither of these hypotheses satisfactorily addresses age-related chronic inflammation, considering the recent advances that have been made in inflammation research. A more comprehensive view of age-related inflammation, that has a scope beyond the conventional view, is therefore required. In this review, we discuss newly emerging data on multi-phase inflammatory networks and proinflammatory pathways as they relate to aging. We describe the age-related upregulation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling, cytokines/chemokines, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammasome, and lipid accumulation. The later sections of this review present our expanded view of age-related senescent inflammation, a process we term "senoinflammation", that we propose here as a novel concept. As described in the discussion, senoinflammation provides a schema highlighting the important and ever-increasing roles of proinflammatory senescence-associated secretome, inflammasome, ER stress, TLRs, and microRNAs, which support the senoinflammation concept. It is hoped that this new concept of senoinflammation opens wider and deeper avenues for basic inflammation research and provides new insights into the anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies targeting the multiple proinflammatory pathways and mediators and mediators that underlie the pathophysiological aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Young Chung
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Eun Kyeong Lee
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
- Pathological and Analytical Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Korea.
| | - Ki Wung Chung
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Sangwoon Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Bonggi Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
| | - Arnold Y. Seo
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
| | - Jae Heun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Young Suk Jung
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Eunok Im
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Nam Deuk Kim
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Yeon Ja Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea.
| | - Dong Soon Im
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Byung Pal Yu
- Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Chung KW, Lee EK, Kim DH, An HJ, Kim ND, Im DS, Lee J, Yu BP, Chung HY. Age-related sensitivity to endotoxin-induced liver inflammation: Implication of inflammasome/IL-1β for steatohepatitis. Aging Cell 2015; 14:524-33. [PMID: 25847140 PMCID: PMC4531067 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with increased vulnerability to inflammatory challenge. However, the effects of altered inflammatory response on the metabolic status of tissues or organs are not well documented. In this study, we present evidence demonstrating that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced upregulation of the inflammasome/IL-1β pathway is accompanied with an increased inflammatory response and abnormal lipid accumulation in livers of aged rats. To monitor the effects of aging on LPS-induced inflammation, we administered LPS (2 mg kg−1) to young (6-month old) and aged (24-month old) rats and found abnormal lipid metabolism in only aged rats with increased lipid accumulation in the liver. This lipid accumulation in the liver was due to the dysregulation of PPARα and SREBP1c. We also observed severe liver inflammation in aged rats as indicated by increased ALT levels in serum and increased Kupffer cells in the liver. Importantly, among many inflammation-associated factors, the aged rat liver showed chronically increased IL-1β production. Increased levels of IL-1β were caused by the upregulation of caspase-1 activity and inflammasome activation. In vitro studies with HepG2 cells demonstrated that treatment with IL-1β significantly induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes through the regulation of PPARα and SREBP1c. In summary, we demonstrated that LPS-induced liver inflammation and lipid accumulation were associated with a chronically overactive inflammasome/IL-1β pathway in aged rat livers. Based on the present findings, we propose a mechanism of aging-associated progression of steatohepatitis induced by endotoxin, delineating a pathogenic role of the inflammasome/IL-1β pathway involved in lipid accumulation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Wung Chung
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Eun Kyeong Lee
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Hye Jin An
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Nam Deuk Kim
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Dong Soon Im
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Korea
| | - Byung Pal Yu
- Department of Physiology The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78229‐3900USA
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) College of Pharmacy Pusan National University Busan Korea
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