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Qayoom H, Wani NA, Alshehri B, Mir MA. An insight into the cancer stem cell survival pathways involved in chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Future Oncol 2021; 17:4185-4206. [PMID: 34342489 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most complex, aggressive and fatal subtype of breast cancer. Owing to the lack of targeted therapy and heterogenic nature of TNBC, chemotherapy remains the sole treatment option for TNBC, with taxanes and anthracyclines representing the general chemotherapeutic regimen in TNBC therapy. But unfortunately, patients develop resistance to the existing chemotherapeutic regimen, resulting in approximately 90% treatment failure. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are one of the major causes for the development of chemoresistance in TNBC patients. After surviving the chemotherapy damage, the presence of BCSCs results in relapse and recurrence of TNBC. Several pathways are known to regulate BCSCs' survival, such as the Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, JAK/STAT and HIPPO pathways. Therefore it is imperative to target these pathways in the context of eliminating chemoresistance. In this review we will discuss the novel strategies and various preclinical and clinical studies to give an insight into overcoming TNBC chemoresistance. We present a detailed account of recent studies carried out that open an exciting perspective in relation to the mechanisms of chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Qayoom
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, J&K, India
| | - Nissar A Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir Nunar Ganderbal 191201, J&K, India
| | - Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, KSA
| | - Manzoor A Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, J&K, India
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2
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Swaminathan G, Shigna A, Kumar A, Byroju VV, Durgempudi VR, Dinesh Kumar L. RNA Interference and Nanotechnology: A Promising Alliance for Next Generation Cancer Therapeutics. Front Nanotechnol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.694838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a significant health hazard of the 21st century, and GLOBOCAN predicts increasing cancer incidence in the coming decades. Though several conventional treatment modalities exist, most of them end up causing off-target and debilitating effects, and drug resistance acquisition. Advances in our understanding of tumor molecular biology offer alternative strategies for precise, robust, and potentially less toxic treatment paradigms for circumventing the disease at the cellular and molecular level. Several deregulated molecules associated with tumorigenesis have been developed as targets in RNA interference (RNAi) based cancer therapeutics. RNAi, a post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanism, has significantly gained attention because of its precise multi-targeted gene silencing. Although the RNAi approach is favorable, the direct administration of small oligonucleotides has not been fruitful because of their inherent lower half-lives and instability in the biological systems. Moreover, the lack of an appropriate delivery system to the primary site of the tumor that helps determine the potency of the drug and its reach, has limited the effective medical utilization of these bio-drugs. Nanotechnology, with its unique characteristics of enhanced permeation and better tumor-targeting efficiency, offers promising solutions owing to the various possibilities and amenability for modifications of the nanoparticles to augment cancer therapeutics. Nanoparticles could be made multimodal, by designing and synthesizing multiple desired functionalities, often resulting in unique and potentially applicable biological structures. A small number of Phase I clinical trials with systemically administered siRNA molecules conjugated with nanoparticles have been completed and the results are promising, indicating that, these new combinatorial therapies can successfully and safely be used to inhibit target genes in cancer patients to alleviate some of the disease burden. In this review, we highlight different types of nano-based delivery strategies for engineering Nano-RNAi-based bio drugs. Furthermore, we have highlighted the insights gained from current research that are entering the preclinical evaluation and information about initial clinical developments, shaping the future for next generation cancer therapeutics.
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Xie ZY, Wang FF, Xiao ZH, Liu SF, Tang SL, Lai YL. Overexpressing microRNA-34a overcomes ABCG2-mediated drug resistance to 5-FU in side population cells from colon cancer via suppressing DLL1. J Biochem 2021; 167:557-564. [PMID: 32044957 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer side population (SP) cells are a small subset of cancer cells that have cancer stemness capacity and enhanced drug resistance. ABCG2 is a multidrug resistance-related protein in SP cells and has been demonstrated to be regulated by Notch signalling pathway. Recently, microRNAs are reported to play a critical role in SP cell fate. However, their role in ABCG2-mediated drug resistance in colon cancer SP cells remains unclear. In the current study, the different expressions of miR-552, miR-611, miR-34a and miR-5000-3p were compared within SP and non-SP cells, which were separated from human colon cancer cell lines (SW480 and LoVo). We found that miR-34a was significantly down-regulated in SP cells and that overexpressing miR-34a overcame drug resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-34a negatively regulated DLL1, a ligand of Notch signalling pathway, via binding with 3'-untranslated region of its messenger RNA. In addition, overexpressing miR-34a overcame ABCG2-mediated resistance to 5-FU via DLL1/Notch pathway in vitro, and suppressed tumour growth under 5-FU treatment in vivo. In conclusion, our findings suggest that miR-34a acts as a tumour suppressor via enhancing chemosensitivity to 5-FU in SP cells, which provides a novel therapeutic target in chemotherapy-resistant colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Fen-Fen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Si-Fu Liu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Sheng-Lan Tang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Yue-Liang Lai
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
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Xia Y, Liu S, Li C, Ai Z, Shen W, Ren W, Yang X. Discovery of a novel ferroptosis inducer-talaroconvolutin A-killing colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:988. [PMID: 33203867 PMCID: PMC7673992 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferropotsis is among the most important mechanisms of cancer suppression, which could be harnessed for cancer therapy. However, no natural small-molecule compounds with cancer inhibitory activity have been identified to date. In the present study, we reported the discovery of a novel ferroptosis inducer, talaroconvolutin A (TalaA), and the underlying molecular mechanism. We discovered that TalaA killed colorectal cancer cells in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. Interestingly, TalaA did not induce apoptosis, but strongly triggered ferroptosis. Notably, TalaA was significantly more effective than erastin (a well-known ferroptosis inducer) in suppressing colorectal cancer cells via ferroptosis. We revealed a dual mechanism of TalaA’ action against cancer. On the one hand, TalaA considerably increased reactive oxygen species levels to a certain threshold, the exceeding of which induced ferroptosis. On the other hand, this compound downregulated the expression of the channel protein solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) but upregulated arachidonate lipoxygenase 3 (ALOXE3), promoting ferroptosis. Furthermore, in vivo experiments in mice evidenced that TalaA effectively suppressed the growth of xenografted colorectal cancer cells without obvious liver and kidney toxicities. The findings of this study indicated that TalaA could be a new potential powerful drug candidate for colorectal cancer therapy due to its outstanding ability to kill colorectal cancer cells via ferroptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China. .,Departments of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Shuzhi Liu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, 430074, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Changlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Ai
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Ren
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, 272067, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, 430074, Wuhan, P.R. China.
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Nedeljković M, Damjanović A. Mechanisms of Chemotherapy Resistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer-How We Can Rise to the Challenge. Cells 2019; 8:E957. [PMID: 31443516 PMCID: PMC6770896 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer owing to high heterogeneity, aggressive nature, and lack of treatment options. Chemotherapy remains the standard of care for TNBC treatment, but unfortunately, patients frequently develop resistance. Accordingly, in recent years, tremendous effort has been made into elucidating the mechanisms of TNBC chemoresistance with the goal of identifying new molecular targets. It has become evident that the development of TNBC chemoresistance is multifaceted and based on the elaborate interplay of the tumor microenvironment, drug efflux, cancer stem cells, and bulk tumor cells. Alterations of multiple signaling pathways govern these interactions. Moreover, TNBC's high heterogeneity, highlighted in the existence of several molecular signatures, presents a significant obstacle to successful treatment. In the present, in-depth review, we explore the contribution of key mechanisms to TNBC chemoresistance as well as emerging strategies to overcome them. We discuss novel anti-tumor agents that target the components of these mechanisms and pay special attention to their current clinical development while emphasizing the challenges still ahead of successful TNBC management. The evidence presented in this review outlines the role of crucial pathways in TNBC survival following chemotherapy treatment and highlights the importance of using combinatorial drug strategies and incorporating biomarkers in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Nedeljković
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ana Damjanović
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Zhang X, Pang W, Liu H, Wang J. Lidocine potentiates the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil to choriocarcinoma cells by downregulating ABC transport proteins expression. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16533-16542. [PMID: 31081972 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Choriocarcinoma is a gestational trophoblastic cancer, which often occurs in the first 3 months of pregnancy. 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is the widely used chemotherapeutic drug for choriocarcinoma but limited by drug resistance. Lidocaine, an aminamide-type anesthetic, shows potential anticancer and chemosensitization effects in recent years. Herein, we tested the possible chemosensitization activity of lidocaine on the cytotoxicity of 5-Fu in choriocarcinoma cells. Viabilities and apoptosis of choriocarcinoma JEG-3 and JAR cells after lidocaine and/or 5-Fu treatment were detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, annexin V-FITC/PI (fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide) staining and Western blot analysis, respectively. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was done to measure breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) messenger RNA level. Western blot analysis was carried out to detect ABCG2, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), MRP1, and MRP2 protein levels. pEX-ABCG2 was transfected to elevate ABCG2 level. Then, the influence of ABCG2 on lidocaine + 5-Fu-caused cell viability loss, apoptosis, and inactivation of PI3K/AKT pathway were analyzed. We found that lidocaine in low concentration had no significant cytotoxicity to JEG-3 and JAR cells, but stimulated cell apoptosis in high concentration. Moreover, lidocaine potentiated the cytotoxicity of 5-Fu to JEG-3 and JAR cells through decreasing viability and increasing apoptosis. Lidocaine treatment reduced the ABCG2, P-gp, MRP1, and MRP2 protein levels in cells. Overexpression of ABCG2 reversed the synergistic effects of lidocaine + 5-Fu on JEG-3 and JAR cell viability and apoptosis, as well as PI3K/AKT pathway. Our research verified that lidocaine potentiated the cytotoxicity of 5-Fu to choriocarcinoma cells by downregulating ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Wenwen Pang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
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7
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Deng FL, Li L, Huang ZS. Role of breast cancer resistance protein in gastrointestinal tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:395-401. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i6.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The breast cancer resistance protein, also known as ABCG2, is a member of the drug efflux membrane transporters. As a drug discharge pump, ABCG2 can reduce the concentration of intracellular drugs and protect cells from toxic substances. ABCG2 is not only able to protect normal cells, but also to influence the chemotherapy effect by making tumor cells resistant to various anti-cancer drugs. In order to provide a reference for the basic and clinical research of gastrointestinal tumors, we review the physiological function of ABCG2, factors affecting ABCG2 expression, and its relationship with gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lian Deng
- Guangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li Li
- Guangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zan-Song Huang
- Guangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatobiliary Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Graduate School of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Faria M, Shepherd P, Pan Y, Chatterjee SS, Navone N, Gustafsson JÅ, Strom A. The estrogen receptor variants β2 and β5 induce stem cell characteristics and chemotherapy resistance in prostate cancer through activation of hypoxic signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 9:36273-36288. [PMID: 30555629 PMCID: PMC6284737 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistant prostate cancer is a major clinical problem. When the prostate cancer has become androgen deprivation resistant, one of the few treatment regimens left is chemotherapy. There is a strong connection between a cancer's stem cell like characteristics and drug resistance. By performing RNA-seq we observed several factors associated with stem cells being strongly up-regulated by the estrogen receptor β variants, β2 and β5. In addition, most of these factors were also up-regulated by hypoxia. One mechanism of chemotherapy resistance was expression of the hypoxia-regulated, drug transporter genes, where especially ABCG2 and MDR1 were shown to be expressed in recurrent prostate cancer and to cause chemotherapy resistance by efficiently transporting drugs like docetaxel out of the cells. Another mechanism was expression of the hypoxia-regulated Notch3 gene, which causes chemotherapy resistance in urothelial carcinoma, although the mechanism is unknown. It is well known that hypoxic signaling is involved in increasing chemotherapy resistance. Regulation of the hypoxic factors, HIF-1α and HIF-2α is very complex and extends far beyond hypoxia itself. We have recently shown that two of the estrogen receptor β variants, estrogen receptor β2 and β5, bind to and stabilize both HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins leading to expression of HIF target genes. This study suggests that increased expression of the estrogen receptor β variants, β2 and β5, could be involved in development of a cancer's stem cell characteristics and chemotherapy resistance, indicating that targeting these factors could prevent or reverse chemotherapy resistance and cancer stem cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Faria
- University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear, Receptors and Cell Signaling, Science and Engineering Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peter Shepherd
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yinghong Pan
- University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear, Receptors and Cell Signaling, Science and Engineering Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sujash S Chatterjee
- University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear, Receptors and Cell Signaling, Science and Engineering Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nora Navone
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear, Receptors and Cell Signaling, Science and Engineering Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anders Strom
- University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear, Receptors and Cell Signaling, Science and Engineering Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Li X, Guo X, Cheng Y, Zhao X, Fang Z, Luo Y, Xia S, Feng Y, Chen J, Yuan WE. pH-Responsive Cross-Linked Low Molecular Weight Polyethylenimine as an Efficient Gene Vector for Delivery of Plasmid DNA Encoding Anti-VEGF-shRNA for Tumor Treatment. Front Oncol 2018; 8:354. [PMID: 30319959 PMCID: PMC6167493 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process through which gene expression can be inhibited by RNA molecules with high selectivity and specificity, providing a promising tool for tumor treatment. Two types of molecules are often applied to inactivate target gene expression: synthetic double stranded small interfering RNA (siRNA) and plasmid DNA encoding short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Vectors with high transfection efficiency and low toxicity are essential for the delivery of siRNA and shRNA. In this study, TDAPEI, the synthetic derivative of low-molecular-weight polyethylenimine (PEI), was cross-linked with imine bonds by the conjugation of branched PEI (1.8 kDa) and 2,5-thiophenedicarboxaldehyde (TDA). This biodegradable cationic polymer was utilized as the vector for the delivery of plasmid DNA expressing anti-VEGF-shRNA. Compared to PEI (25 kDa), TDAPEI had a better performance since experimental results suggest its higher transfection efficiency as well as lower toxicity both in cell and animal studies. TDAPEI did not stimulate innate immune response, which is a significant factor that should be considered in vector design for gene delivery. All the results suggested that TDAPEI delivering anti-VEGF-shRNA may provide a promising method for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Li
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Fang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Luo
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Xia
- Department of Ultrasound, Rui Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Department of Respiration, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-En Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Zhu J, Ren J, Tang L. Genistein inhibits invasion and migration of colon cancer cells by recovering WIF1 expression. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7265-7273. [PMID: 29568950 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is characterized by invasion and migration. DNA methylation of CpG islands in tumor suppressor genes is considered to be an epigenetic mechanism underlying cancer development. Epigenetic silencing of a gene may be reversed by drugs, including genistein. The present study aimed to determine the effect of genistein on Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) and invasion, and migration of colon cancer cells. The viability of HT29 colon cancer cells was suppressed by genistein in a dose dependent manner. Following 72 h of treatment with 10, 20 and 60 µmol/l genistein, increased demethylation of WIF1 was induced in a dose‑dependent manner. Additionally, the invasive/migratory abilities of cells treated with genistein decreased in a dose‑dependent manner. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses were performed to identify the mRNA and protein expression levels of invasion/migration‑associated factors. Following treatment with genistein, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP9 expression levels decreased, whereas the expression of metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 and E‑cadherin increased significantly. In addition, the expression levels of proto‑oncogene Wnt‑1 (Wnt‑1)/β‑catenin pathway‑associated factors, β‑catenin, c‑Myc proto‑oncogene protein and cyclin D1 decreased in a dose‑dependent manner following treatment with genistein. The invasive/migratory abilities of cells transfected with WIF1‑small interfering (si) RNA, and those transfected with WIF1‑siRNA and treated with genistein, increased notably compared with the control group. The present study demonstrated that genistein was able to inhibit the cell invasion and migration of colon cancer cells by inducing demethylation, and recovering the activity of WIF1 by altering the expression of invasion‑associated factors, and components of the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Liming Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
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11
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Koriem KMM. Protective effect of natural products and hormones in colon cancer using metabolome: A physiological overview. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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