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Fuentes-Fayos AC, García-Martínez A, Herrera-Martínez AD, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Vázquez-Borrego MC, Castaño JP, Picó A, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Molecular determinants of the response to medical treatment of growth hormone secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. MINERVA ENDOCRINOL 2019; 44:109-128. [PMID: 30650942 DOI: 10.23736/s0391-1977.19.02970-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acromegaly is a chronic systemic disease mainly caused by a growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNETs), which is associated with many health complications and increased mortality when not adequately treated. Transsphenoidal surgery is considered the treatment of choice in GH-secreting PitNETs, but patients in whom surgery cannot be considered or with persistent disease after surgery require medical therapy. Treatment with available synthetic somatostatin analogues (SSAs) is considered the mainstay in the medical management of acromegaly which exert their beneficial effects through the binding to a family of G-protein coupled receptors encoded by 5 genes (SSTR1-5). However, although it has been demonstrated that the SST1-5 receptors are physically present in tumor cells, SSAs are in many cases ineffective (i.e. approximately 10-30% of patients with GH-secreting PitNET are unresponsive to SSAs), suggesting that other cellular/molecular determinants could be essential for the response to the pharmacological treatment in patients with GH-secreting PitNETs. Therefore, the scrutiny of these determinants might be used for the identification of subgroups of patients in whom an appropriate pharmacological treatment can be successfully employed (responders vs. non-responders). In this review, we will describe some of the existing, classical and novel, genetic and molecular determinants involved in the response of patients with GH-secreting PitNETs to the available therapeutic treatments, as well as new molecular/therapeutic approaches that could be potentially useful for the treatment of GH-secreting PitNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Araceli García-Martínez
- Research Laboratory, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante-Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Aura D Herrera-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Mari C Vázquez-Borrego
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Picó
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante-ISABIAL, Miguel Hernández University, CIBERER, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain - .,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, Spain
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Domínguez-Mancera B, Barrientos-Morales M, Cervantes-Acosta P, Hernández-Beltrán A, Rodríguez-Andrade A, González-Ramírez R, Monjaraz E, Felix R. Leptin regulation of inward membrane currents, electrical activity and LH release in isolated bovine gonadotropes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:53-58. [PMID: 28705737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Leptin, a peptide hormone produced by adipocytes, is recognized as one of the signals involved in the onset of reproductive activity. The leptin receptor has been found in hypothalamic neurons and pituitary gonadotropes, suggesting that the hormone may act at both sites to stimulate the secretion of GnRH and consequently, FSH and LH. In response to a stimulus such as a hypothalamic secretagogue, gonadotropes respond with changes in electrical activity, intracellular Ca2+ and hormone release. The main aim of this report was to investigate whether leptin promotes a change in the electrical and secretory activities of bovine gonadotropes. After 48 h of treatment with leptin (10 nM) significant changes in the action potential properties were observed in gonadotropes, which included an increase in amplitude, time-to-pike and post-hyperpolarization, as well as a decrease in firing threshold. Likewise, leptin induced a significant (∼1.3-fold) up-regulation of voltage-gated Na+ channel current density, and a selective increase (∼2.1-fold) in Ca2+ current density through high voltage-activated channels. Consistent with this, leptin enhanced GnRH-induced secretion of LH measured by ELISA. We suggest that leptin enhances membrane expression of voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels, which results in a modulation of the action potential properties and an increase in hormone release from gonadotropes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eduardo Monjaraz
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Felix
- Centre for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico.
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