1
|
Doghish AS, Moustafa HAM, Elballal MS, Sallam AAM, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel Mageed SS, Elesawy AE, Abdelmaksoud NM, Shahin RK, Midan HM, Elrebehy MA, Elazazy O, Nassar YA, Elazab IM, Elballal AS, Elballal MS, Abulsoud AI. The potential role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of testicular germ cell tumors - A Focus on signaling pathways interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154611. [PMID: 37315401 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most common testicular neoplasms in adolescents and young males. Understanding the genetic basis of TGCTs represents a growing need to cope with the increased incidence of these neoplasms. Although the cure rates have been comparatively increased, investigation of mechanisms underlying the incidence, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and therapy resistance is still necessary. Early diagnosis and non-compulsory clinical therapeutic agents without long-term side effects are now required to reduce the cancer burden, especially in the younger age groups. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control an extensive range of cellular functions and exhibit a pivotal action in the development and spreading of TGCTs. Because of their dysregulation and disruption in function, miRNAs have been linked to the malignant pathophysiology of TGCTs by influencing many cellular functions involved in the disease. These biological processes include increased invasive and proliferative perspective, cell cycle dysregulation, apoptosis disruption, stimulation of angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, and resistance to certain treatments. Herein, we present an up-to-date review of the biogenesis of miRNAs, miRNA regulatory mechanisms, clinical challenges, and therapeutic interventions of TGCTs, and role of nanoparticles in the treatment of TGCTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hebatallah Ahmed Mohamed Moustafa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Elesawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | | | - Reem K Shahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Ola Elazazy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Yara A Nassar
- Biology Department, School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Elazab
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Elballal
- Department of Dentistry, Medical Administration, University of Sadat, City Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Medvedev KE, Savelyeva AV, Chen KS, Bagrodia A, Jia L, Grishin NV. Integrated Molecular Analysis Reveals 2 Distinct Subtypes of Pure Seminoma of the Testis. Cancer Inform 2022; 21:11769351221132634. [PMID: 36330202 PMCID: PMC9623390 DOI: 10.1177/11769351221132634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most common solid malignancy in
adolescent and young men, with a rising incidence over the past 20 years.
Overall, TGCTs are second in terms of the average life years lost per person
dying of cancer, and clinical therapeutics without adverse long-term side
effects are lacking. Platinum-based regimens for TGCTs have heterogeneous
outcomes even within the same histotype that frequently leads to under- and
over-treatment. Understanding of molecular differences that lead to diverse
outcomes of TGCT patients may improve current treatment approaches. Seminoma
is the most common subtype of TGCTs, which can either be pure or present in
combination with other histotypes. Methods: Here we conducted a computational study of 64 pure seminoma samples from The
Cancer Genome Atlas, applied consensus clustering approach to their
transcriptomic data and revealed 2 clinically relevant seminoma subtypes:
seminoma subtype 1 and 2. Results: Our analysis identified significant differences in pluripotency stage,
activity of double stranded DNA breaks repair mechanisms, rates of loss of
heterozygosity, and expression of lncRNA responsible for cisplatin
resistance between the subtypes. Seminoma subtype 1 is characterized by
higher pluripotency state, while subtype 2 showed attributes of reprograming
into non-seminomatous TGCT. The seminoma subtypes we identified may provide
a molecular underpinning for variable responses to chemotherapy and
radiation. Conclusion: Translating our findings into clinical care may help improve risk
stratification of seminoma, decrease overtreatment rates, and increase
long-term quality of life for TGCT survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill E Medvedev
- Department of Biophysics, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Kirill E Medvedev, Department of
Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines
Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Anna V Savelyeva
- Department of Urology, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kenneth S Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Children’s Medical Center Research
Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Aditya Bagrodia
- Department of Urology, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Department of Urology, University of
California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Liwei Jia
- Department of Pathology, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nick V Grishin
- Department of Biophysics, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Department of Biochemistry, University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kang DH, Cho KS, Jeong JY, Moon YJ, Chung DY, Jung HD, Lee JY. Surveillance versus Adjuvant Treatment with Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy for Stage I Seminoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis According to EAU COVID-19 Recommendations. Medicina (Kaunas) 2022; 58. [PMID: 36363471 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, the European Association of Urology (EAU) Guidelines Office Rapid Reaction Group (GORRG) recommended that patients with clinical stage I (CSI) seminoma be offered active surveillance (AS). This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of AS versus adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy for improving the overall survival (OS) of CSI seminoma patients. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. The primary outcome was 5-year OS, and the secondary outcome was the 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS). The outcomes were analyzed as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 14 studies were included. Overall, the quality scores were relatively high, and little publication bias was noted. In terms of the 5-year OS, 7 studies were analyzed; there was no significant difference between AS and adjuvant treatment (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.41−2.39; p = 0.97). In terms of 5-year RFS, 12 studies were analyzed. Adjuvant treatment reduced the risk of 5-year recurrence by 85% compared with AS (OR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.08−0.26; p < 0.001). Conclusions: In terms of the OS in CSI seminoma patients, no intergroup difference was noted, so it is reasonable to offer AS, as recommended by the EAU GORRG until the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, since there is a large intergroup difference in the recurrence rate, further research on the long-term (>5 years) outcomes is warranted.
Collapse
|
4
|
Hulsker CCC, el Mansori I, Fiocco M, Zsiros J, Wijnen MHW, Looijenga LHJ, Mavinkurve-Groothuis AMC, van der Steeg AFW. Treatment and Survival of Malignant Extracranial Germ Cell Tumours in the Paediatric Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143561. [PMID: 34298776 PMCID: PMC8305293 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to explore overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) rates internationally over the past two decades and to define specific subgroups with inferior outcomes which may demand different treatment strategies. METHODS The search focused on malignant extracranial germ cell tumours (GCTs) in the paediatric population. The initial database search identified 12,556 articles; 32 articles were finally included in this review, comprising a total of 5095 patients. RESULTS The studies were heterogeneous, varying from single institution reports to large prospective trials. Older studies, describing eras where non-platinum-based chemotherapy regimens were used, showed clearly worse outcomes. Survival for stage I-II gonadal disease is excellent. On the other hand, patients with an initial alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) > 10,000 ng/mL or kU/L, age > 11 years and stage IV disease confer a survival disadvantage. For testicular disease in particular, lymphovascular invasion and certain histopathological subtypes, such as embryonal carcinoma (EC) and mixed malignant GCTs, survival is poorer. Survival data for sacrococcygeal and mediastinal GCTs show a heterogeneous distribution across studies in this review, independent of year of publication. Patients > 12 years presenting with a mediastinal GCT pose a subpopulation which fares worse than GCTs in other locations or age groups. This is independent of AFP levels, stage of disease or treatment protocol, and these patients may demand a different treatment strategy. CONCLUSIONS This review describes the heterogeneous nature of GCTs in different anatomical locations, impacting on stage at presentation, treatment modalities used and survival data. Despite this heterogeneity, in line with the current developmental biology-based classification system, subpopulations can be defined which have an inferior EFS and OS and where future research and more individualised treatment would help to improve survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C. C. Hulsker
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (I.e.M.); (M.F.); (J.Z.); (M.H.W.W.); (L.H.J.L.); (A.M.C.M.-G.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-88-9727272
| | - Issam el Mansori
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (I.e.M.); (M.F.); (J.Z.); (M.H.W.W.); (L.H.J.L.); (A.M.C.M.-G.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (I.e.M.); (M.F.); (J.Z.); (M.H.W.W.); (L.H.J.L.); (A.M.C.M.-G.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Biomedical Data Science Department, Section Medical Statistics, 2333ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - József Zsiros
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (I.e.M.); (M.F.); (J.Z.); (M.H.W.W.); (L.H.J.L.); (A.M.C.M.-G.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
| | - Marc H. W. Wijnen
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (I.e.M.); (M.F.); (J.Z.); (M.H.W.W.); (L.H.J.L.); (A.M.C.M.-G.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
| | - Leendert H. J. Looijenga
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (I.e.M.); (M.F.); (J.Z.); (M.H.W.W.); (L.H.J.L.); (A.M.C.M.-G.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
| | - Annelies M. C. Mavinkurve-Groothuis
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (I.e.M.); (M.F.); (J.Z.); (M.H.W.W.); (L.H.J.L.); (A.M.C.M.-G.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
| | - Alida F. W. van der Steeg
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (I.e.M.); (M.F.); (J.Z.); (M.H.W.W.); (L.H.J.L.); (A.M.C.M.-G.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen JG, Wang JQ, Peng TW, Chen ZS, Zhao SC. Construction and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Progression- Free Survival in Patients with Early-Stage Testicular Germ Cell Tumor. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 16:44-53. [PMID: 33573563 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210211092108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular Germ Cell Tumor (TGCT) is the most common malignant tumor in young men, but there is a lack of a prediction model to evaluate the prognosis of patients with TGCT. OBJECTIVE To explore the prognostic factors for Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and construct a nomogram model for patients with early-stage TGCT after radical orchiectomy. METHODS Patients with TGCT from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used as the training cohort; univariate and multivariate cox analysis was performed. A nomogram was constructed based on the independent prognostic factors. Patients from the Nanfang Hospital affiliated with Southern Medical University were used as the cohort to validate the predictive ability using the nomogram model. Harrell's concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots were used to evaluate the nomogram. RESULTS A total of 110 and 62 patients with TGCT were included in the training cohort and validation cohort, respectively. Lymphatic Vascular Invasion (LVI), American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage and adjuvant therapy were independent prognostic factors in multivariate regression analyses and were included to establish a nomogram. The C-index in the training cohort for 1- , 3-, and 5-year PFS were 0.768, 0.74, and 0.689, respectively. While the C-index for 1-, 3-, and 5- year PFS in the external validation cohort were 0.853, 0.663 and 0.609, respectively. The calibration plots for 1-, 3-, and 5-year PFS in the training and validation cohort showed satisfactory consistency between predicted and actual outcomes. The nomogram revealed a better predictive ability for PFS than AJCC staging system. CONCLUSION The nomogram as a simple and visual tool to predict individual PFS in patients with TGCT could guide clinicians and clinical pharmacists in therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Guo Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University,
Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Tian-Wen Peng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University,
Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Shan-Chao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, P.R. China,Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510500, Guangdong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schapira MM, Rodriguez KL, Chhatre S, Fraenkel L, Bastian LA, Kravetz JD, Asan O, Akers S, Vachani A, Prigge JM, Meline J, Ibarra JV, Corn B, Kaminstein D. When Is a Harm a Harm? Discordance between Patient and Medical Experts' Evaluation of Lung Cancer Screening Attributes. Med Decis Making 2021; 41:317-328. [PMID: 33554740 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x20987221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A shared decision-making (SDM) process for lung cancer screening (LCS) includes a discussion between clinicians and patients about benefits and potential harms. Expert-driven taxonomies consider mortality reduction a benefit and consider false-positives, incidental findings, overdiagnosis, overtreatment, radiation exposure, and direct and indirect costs of LCS as potential harms. OBJECTIVE To explore whether patients conceptualize the attributes of LCS differently from expert-driven taxonomies. DESIGN Cross-sectional study with semistructured interviews and a card-sort activity. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-three Veterans receiving primary care at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 55 to 73 y of age with 30 or more pack-years of smoking. Sixty-one percent were non-Hispanic African American or Black, 35% were non-Hispanic White, 4% were Hispanic, and 9% were female. APPROACH Semistructured interviews with thematic coding. MAIN MEASURES The proportion of participants categorizing each attribute as a benefit or harm and emergent themes that informed this categorization. KEY RESULTS In addition to categorizing reduced lung cancer deaths as a benefit (22/23), most also categorized the following as benefits: routine annual screening (8/9), significant incidental findings (20/23), follow-up in a nodule clinic (20/23), and invasive procedures (16/23). Four attributes were classified by most participants as a harm: false-positive (13/22), overdiagnosis (13/23), overtreatment (6/9), and radiation exposure (20/22). Themes regarding the evaluation of LCS outcomes were 1) the value of knowledge about body and health, 2) anticipated positive and negative emotions, 3) lack of clarity in terminology, 4) underlying beliefs about cancer, and 5) risk assessment and tolerance for uncertainty. CONCLUSIONS Anticipating discordance between patient- and expert-driven taxonomies of the benefits and harms of LCS can inform the development and interpretation of value elicitation and SDM discussions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn M Schapira
- The Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion (CHERP) at the Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Keri L Rodriguez
- CHERP, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sumedha Chhatre
- The Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion (CHERP) at the Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Department of Psychiatry, the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Liana Fraenkel
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lori A Bastian
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Kravetz
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.,Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Onur Asan
- The Stevens Institute of Technology, School of Systems and Enterprises, Hoboken, NJ, USA
| | - Scott Akers
- Department of Radiology, The Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anil Vachani
- The Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason M Prigge
- The Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion (CHERP) at the Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Meline
- The Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion (CHERP) at the Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Barbara Corn
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dana Kaminstein
- The Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion (CHERP) at the Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Organizational Dynamics, Liberal and Professional Studies, School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Heidenreich A. Personalized Follow-up in Clinical Stage I Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: The Future is Beginning. Eur Urol Oncol 2021; 4:492-3. [PMID: 33371969 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
8
|
Almstrup K, Lobo J, Mørup N, Belge G, Rajpert-De Meyts E, Looijenga LHJ, Dieckmann KP. Application of miRNAs in the diagnosis and monitoring of testicular germ cell tumours. Nat Rev Urol 2020; 17:201-13. [PMID: 32157202 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-020-0296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs) are the most frequent cancer type in young men and originate from the common precursor germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS). For decades, clinical management of patients with TGCT has relied on classic serum tumour markers: α-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin subunit-β and lactate dehydrogenase. In the past 10 years, microRNAs have been shown to outperform classic serum tumour markers in the diagnosis of primary tumours and in follow-up monitoring and prediction of relapse. miR-371a-3p is the most consistent marker and exhibits >90% diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in TGCT. However, miR-371a-3p cannot be used to diagnose GCNIS or mature teratoma. Future efforts must technically standardize the microRNA-based methods internationally and introduce miR-371a-3p as a molecular liquid biopsy-based marker for TGCTs in the clinic.
Collapse
|