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Teng Q, Zhou K, Yu K, Zhang X, Li Z, Wang H, Zhu C, Wang Z, Dai Z. Principal component analysis-assisted zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks/DNA biosensor for the analysis of various phosphates. Talanta 2024; 271:125733. [PMID: 38309111 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Considering the diversity of phosphates and their pivotal roles in physiological processes, detection of various phosphates related to their metabolism is urgent but challenging. Herein, we design a biosensor with zirconium-based MOFs (Zr-MOFs) and fluorophore-modified single-stranded DNA (F-ssDNA) for the analysis of phosphates. Relying on the interaction between Zr clusters and phosphate backbone, F-ssDNA is anchored on the surface of Zr-MOFs, inducing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and subsequently quenching the fluorescence of F-ssDNA. Meanwhile, phosphates with different numbers of phosphate groups, molecular structures and coordination environments are able to adjust the FRET between Zr-MOFs and F-ssDNA via a site-occupying effect, recovering the fluorescence of F-ssDNA in distinct cases, which may result in diverse fluorescence signals. Consequently, seventeen phosphates and four phosphate mixtures are discriminated with the assistance of principal component analysis. These results provide new insight into the application of Zr-MOFs and broaden the path for the development of analytical methods for phosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyi Teng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kunkun Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kaihua Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zijun Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huafeng Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengzhi Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhaoyin Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhihui Dai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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Qi Y, Lv X, Ma J, Lei M, Feng C, Lu W, Ji Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li X. Volatile-compound fingerprinting and discrimination of positional isomers in stamp-pad ink tracing using HS-GC-IMS combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1293-1305. [PMID: 38189918 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The rising crime rate associated with document forgery has a significant impact on public safety and social stability. In document fraud cases, determining the origin of a particular stamp-pad ink is the most important objective. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the volatile compounds in quick-drying stamp-pad inks from six commonly used brands were performed for the first time, utilizing a combination of headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) and multivariate statistical analysis methods. Visual and comparative analysis of the differential volatile components among different stamp-pad ink samples was conducted using fingerprints and volcano plots. A total of 127 volatile compounds were accurately identified, with ketones, esters, alcohols, and aldehydes being the most abundant compounds in the stamp-pad inks. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), including dendrograms and clustering heatmaps, was utilized to explore the correlations between these compounds and the samples. Additionally, the precise identification of positional isomers and functional group isomers of aliphatic compounds was achieved. To achieve accurate discrimination of various stamp-pad ink samples, a multivariate statistical analysis method was utilized to establish a classification model for them. Based on the results obtained from HS-GC-IMS, effective discrimination among different brands of stamp-pad ink samples was achieved through principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The model exhibited excellent performance, with the fit index of dependent variables (R2Y) and the predictive index of the model (Q2) values of 0.99 and 0.984, respectively. These results provided significant theoretical evidence for the application of HS-GC-IMS as an efficient technique in the analysis of volatile compounds, identification of positional isomers and functional group isomers, as well as tracing the origin of stamp-pad ink and analyzing the formation time of documents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinhua Lv
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Junchao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China.
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Mingyuan Lei
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenhui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhongyuan Ji
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xuebo Li
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China.
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
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Ye J, Du J, Wang B, Yan Y, Ding CF. Identification and quantification of bipyridyl dicarboxylic acid isomers by ion mobility spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1715:464630. [PMID: 38184990 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The identification of positional isomers is of interest because different isomers have different chemical or biological functions and applications. The analysis of positional isomers is sometimes challenging since they have similar chemical structures and properties. For example, the analysis of mass cannot identify different positional isomers because they have identical mass-to-charge ratios and show a single mass peak in mass spectrometry. In this study, an efficient and simple qualitative and quantitative analytical method for differentiating 2,2'-bipyridine-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid (3,3'-BDA), 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (4,4'-BDA), and 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid (5,5'-BDA) was developed by using ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). The results revealed that the three BDA isomers formed non-covalent complexes with cyclodextrins (CDs) and Mg2+ ions in the gas phase: [β-CD+3,3'/4,4'/5,5'-BDA+Mg]2+ and [γ-CD+3,3'/4,4'/5,5'-BDA+Mg]2+, which were distinguished by measuring the mobility of the complexes because of their spatial conformational differences. The peak-to-peak resolution (Rp-p) values of the three isomers of [γ-CD+3,3'/4,4'/5,5'-BDA+Mg]2+ reached 2.983 and 2.892, respectively. The conformations of the ternary complexes simulated by the theoretical calculations revealed the different interactions and shapes of the stereoisomers, and the predicted results agreed with the experimental results. Simultaneously, further studies on the collisional dissociation of the ternary complexes revealed that the dissociation energies of the different complex ions varied were different owing to the diverse different conformations. Finally, the relative quantitative analysis of the different isomers in mixed samples was performed and satisfactory linearity results (R2 > 0.99) were obtained. Thus, an effective analytical method was proposed for the identification and quantification of BDA isomers without chemical derivatization, offering a promising approach for the identification of similar derivatives or positional isomers that could be applied in various fields including chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jianglong Du
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Baichun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yinghua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
| | - Chuan-Fan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
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Kang M, Guo Y, Ren Z, Ma W, Luo Y, Zhao K, Wang X. Volatile Fingerprint and Differences in Volatile Compounds of Different Foxtail Millet ( Setaria italica Beauv.) Varieties. Foods 2023; 12:4273. [PMID: 38231730 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aroma components in foxtail millet are one of the key factors in origin traceability and quality control, and they are associated with consumer acceptance and the corresponding processing suitability. However, the volatile differences based on the foxtail millet varieties have not been studied further. The present study was undertaken to develop the characteristic volatile fingerprint and analyze the differences in volatile compounds of 20 foxtail millet varieties by electronic nose (E-Nose), headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), and headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). A total of 43 volatile compounds were tentatively identified in foxtail millet samples, 34 and 18 by GC-IMS and GC-MS, respectively. Aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones were the major volatile compounds, and the hexanal content was the highest. The characteristic volatile fingerprint of foxtail millet was successfully constructed. A total of 39 common volatile compounds were found in all varieties. The content of hexanal, heptanal, 1-pentanol, acetophenone, 2-heptanone, and nonanal were explored to explain the aroma characteristics among the different varieties, and different varieties can be separated based on these components. The results demonstrate that the combination of E-Nose, GC-IMS, and GC-MS can be a fast and accurate method to identify the general aroma peculiarities of different foxtail millet varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Kang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yu Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yuewei Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
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Duan H, Zhou S, Guo J, Yan W. HS-GC-IMS Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Different Varieties and Harvesting Times of Rhizoma gastrodiae (Tian Ma) in Yunnan Province. Molecules 2023; 28:6705. [PMID: 37764481 PMCID: PMC10536806 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) was used to investigate the differences in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in four different varieties of Yunnan Huang Tian Ma (containing both winter and spring harvesting times), Yunnan Hong Tian Ma, Yunnan Wu Tian Ma, and Yunnan Lv Tian Ma. The results showed that the flavor substances of different varieties and different harvesting times of Rhizoma gastrodiae were mainly composed of aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, heterocycles, esters, acids, alkenes, hydrocarbons, amines, phenols, ethers, and nitrile. Among them, the contents of the aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and heterocyclic compounds are significantly higher than those of other substances. The results of cluster analysis and fingerprint similarity analysis based on principal component analysis and Euclidean distance showed that there were some differences between different varieties of Yunnan Rhizoma gastrodiae and different harvesting times. Among them, Yunnan Lv Tian Ma and Wu Tian Ma contained the richest volatile components. Winter may be the best harvesting season for Tian Ma. At the same time, we speculate that the special odor contained in Tian Ma should be related to the aldehydes it is rich in, especially benzene acetaldehyde, Benzaldehyde, Heptanal, Hexanal, Pentanal, and butanal, which are aldehydes that contain a strong and special odor and are formed by the combination of these aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Duan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China; (H.D.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Shiqi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China; (H.D.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Jinhong Guo
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China; (H.D.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China; (H.D.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
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Duan H, Zhou Y, Wang D, Yan W. Differences in Volatile Organic Compounds in Rhizoma gastrodiae (Tian Ma) of Different Origins Determined by HS-GC-IMS. Molecules 2023; 28:4883. [PMID: 37446545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to compare the differences in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of Rhizoma gastrodiae (Tian Ma) from six different origins in Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Anhui, Hubei, and Guizhou. A total of 161 signal peaks were identified, and 84 compounds were characterized, including 23 aldehydes, 19 alcohols, 12 ketones, 8 heterocyclic compounds, 7 esters, 4 phenols, 4 acids, 4 ethers, 2 amines, and 1 alkane. The results of cluster analysis and fingerprint similarity analysis based on principal component analysis and Euclidean distance indicated that there were significant differences between the volatile components of Rhizoma gastrodiae from different origins. This study demonstrated that HS-GC-IMS is simple, rapid, accurate, and has a small sample size and can achieve rapid analysis of the differences in volatile compounds between samples of different origins of Rhizoma gastrodiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Duan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Yaxi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Diandian Wang
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
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