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Makris D, Tsolaki V, Robertson R, Dimopoulos G, Rello J. The future of training in intensive care medicine: A European perspective. J Intensive Med 2022; 3:52-61. [PMID: 36789360 PMCID: PMC9923960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ross Robertson
- Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larisa 41110, Greece
| | - George Dimopoulos
- Third Department of Critical Care, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Jordi Rello
- CRIPS Department, Vall d'Hebron Institut of Research, Barcelona 08035, Spain,Clinical Research, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes 30029, France,Medical School, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Campus Sant Cugat, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona 08195, Spain,Corresponding author: Jordi Rello, CRIPS Department, Vall d'Hebron Institut of Research, Barcelona 08035, Spain.
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Dunn
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Cynthia A Wong
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
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3
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Myatra SN, Gangakhedkar G. Gender balance in anaesthesia: Examining the glass ceiling for cracks. Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tacc.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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See EJ, Lussier S, Jones D. Understanding factors contributing to the underrepresentation of female co-authors in intensive care publications. Aust Crit Care 2021; 34:519-521. [PMID: 34607776 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J See
- Department of Intensive Care, Austin Health, Australia; Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
| | | | - Daryl Jones
- Department of Intensive Care, Austin Health, Australia; Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Australia.
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5
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Le Boedec A, Anthony N, Vigneau C, Hue B, Laine F, Laviolle B, Bonnaure-Mallet M, Bacle A, Allain JS. Gender inequality among medical, pharmaceutical and dental practitioners in French hospitals: Where have we been and where are we now? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254311. [PMID: 34242351 PMCID: PMC8270123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women are under-represented in senior academic and hospital positions in many countries. The authors aim to assess the place and the evolution of all appointed female and male health practitioners' working in French public Hospitals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of this observational study were collected from the National Management Centre (Centre National de Gestion) from 2015 up to January 1, 2020. First, the authors described demographic characteristics and specialties of all appointed medicine, pharmacy, and dentistry doctors' working as Hospital Practitioners, Associate Professors, and Full Professors in French General and University-affiliated Hospitals in 2020. Then, they retrospectively reported the annual incidence of new entrance according to gender and professional status from 1999 to 2019 thanks to the appointment date of all practitioners in activity between 2015 and 2020. RESULTS In 2020, 51 401 appointed practitioners (49.7% of female) were in activity in French public hospitals with a large majority being medical doctors (92.4%) compared to pharmacists (6%) and dentists (1.6%). Women represented 52.5% of the Hospital Practitioners, 48.6% of the Associate Professors, and 22.0% of the Full Professors (p < 0.001). There were disparities between the rates of female Full Professors in medicine (20.6%), pharmacy (36.1%), and dentistry (44.3%, p < 0.001). Women were appointed Hospital Practitioners and Associate Professors earlier than men (respectively 37.1 versus 38.8 years, p < 0.001 and 36.1 versus 36.5 years, p = 0.04), and at a later age among Full Professors (43.7 versus 41.9 years, p < 0.001). Compared to men, the annual proportion of appointed women varied significantly between 1999 and 2019 from 47.6% to 60.4% for Hospital Practitioners, from 50.0% to 44.6% for Associate Professors, and from 11.2% to 33.3% for Full Professors (p < 0.001 for trend). CONCLUSIONS Although more and more women occupy positions in French hospitals, there is still a gender gap regarding access to Full Professor status in medicine and pharmacy, but not in dentistry. The disparity in numbers makes comparison difficult. Despite a trend towards gender equality during the last twenty years, it has not yet been achieved regarding access to the highest positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Le Boedec
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
- Rennes 1 University, France
| | - Norah Anthony
- Methodological Support and Biostatistics Unit, University Hospital, Saint Denis, Reunion Island, France
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center 1410 Saint Pierre, Reunion Island, France
| | - Cécile Vigneau
- Rennes 1 University, France
- Department of Nephrology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), IRSET-UMR_S 1085, France
| | - Benoit Hue
- Department of Pharmacy, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Fabrice Laine
- Clinical Investigation Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
- Department of Hepatology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center1414, France
| | - Bruno Laviolle
- Rennes 1 University, France
- Clinical Investigation Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center1414, France
| | - Martine Bonnaure-Mallet
- Rennes 1 University, France
- Department of Dental Surgery, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1241 NuMeCAn, France
| | - Astrid Bacle
- Rennes 1 University, France
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), IRSET-UMR_S 1085, France
- Department of Pharmacy, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Allain
- Clinical Investigation Unit, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Clinical Investigation Center1414, France
- Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolism Division, Saint Malo Hospital, Saint Malo, France
- * E-mail:
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6
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Hauw-Berlemont C, Salmon Gandonnière C, Boissier F, Aissaoui N, Bodet-Contentin L, Fartoukh MS, Jourdain M, Le Marec J, Tamion F, Hamzaoui O, Aubron C. Gender imbalance in intensive care: High time for action and evaluation! Crit Care 2021; 25:239. [PMID: 34233745 PMCID: PMC8265005 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-021-03657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Hauw-Berlemont
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Florence Boissier
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,INSERM CIC 1402 (ALIVE Group), Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nadia Aissaoui
- INSERM Unit 970, Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Bodet-Contentin
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, INSERM CIC 1415, CRICS-TriGGERSep Network, CHRU de Tours and methodS in Patient-Centered Outcomes and Health ResEarch (SPHERE), INSERM UMR 1246, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Muriel Sarah Fartoukh
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne, Université, Hôpital Tenon, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mercedes Jourdain
- Médecine Intensive Et Réanimation - CHU de Lille, Lille, France.,Membre de L'unité INSERM U1190 - Recherche Translationnelle Sur Le Diabète, Lille, France
| | - Julien Le Marec
- Site Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Service de Pneumologie, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Département R3S, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale Et Clinique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Tamion
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire de Rouen, Rouen, France.,INSERM U1096 EnVi, Université Normandie, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Olfa Hamzaoui
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, AP-HP, Université Paris-Saclay, Clamart, France
| | - Cécile Aubron
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Brest, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France.
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Schreiber JU, El-Tahan MR, Erdoes G. European Association of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Fellowship Program: The Graduates' Experience. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 35:3176-3182. [PMID: 34183253 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In 2009, the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (EACTAIC) established a fellowship program to train highly qualified specialists in the field of cardiac anesthesia. For the further development of the program, a survey among graduates was distributed to get information about the individual motivation and career perspectives of fellows. DESIGN Online survey among graduates of the EACTAIC cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia (CTVA) fellowship program. SETTING Twenty-four-item online survey after personal invitation from the EACTAIC office PARTICIPANTS: Forty-nine graduates. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The survey had a response rate of 77%. On average, graduates joined the EACTAIC fellowship program four years after completing their residency program. Participants felt well-prepared by the program regarding their clinical and nonclinical skills. The majority participated in research activities during the fellowship and continued to work in the field of CTVA. Ninety-two percent of the respondents found a job opportunity within a reasonable time after completing the training. CONCLUSIONS Among the respondents, the survey showed a high satisfactory rate with the received training and good job opportunities after completing the fellowship. Further research should investigate the question of beneficial effects on research activities after completing the fellowship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Uwe Schreiber
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Maastricht UMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed R El-Tahan
- Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Anesthesia, Surgical Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gabor Erdoes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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8
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Hauw-Berlemont C, Aubron C, Aissaoui N, Bodet-Contentin L, Boissier F, Fartoukh MS, Jourdain M, Le Marec J, Pestel J, Salmon Gandonnière C, Tamion F, Hamzaoui O. Perceived inequity, professional and personal fulfillment by women intensivists in France. Ann Intensive Care 2021; 11:72. [PMID: 33978840 PMCID: PMC8116474 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-021-00860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The medical workforce has been feminized for the last two decades worldwide. Nonetheless, women remain under-represented among intensivists. We conducted a survey among French women intensivists to assess their professional and personal quality of life and their perception of potential gender discrimination at work. Methods We conducted an observational descriptive study by sending a survey, designed by the group FEMMIR (FEmmes Médecins en Médecine Intensive Réanimation), to women intensivists in France, using primarily the Société de Réanimation de Langue Française (SRLF) mailing list. The questionnaire was also available online between September 2019 and January 2020 and women intensivists were encouraged to answer through email reminders. It pertained to five main domains, including demographic characteristics, work position, workload and clinical/research activities, self-fulfillment scale, perceived discrimination at work and suggested measures to implement. Results Three hundred and seventy-one women responded to the questionnaire, among whom 16% had an academic position. Being a woman intensivist and pregnancy were both considered to increase difficulties in careers’ advancement by 31% and 73% of the respondents, respectively. Almost half of the respondents (46%) quoted their quality of life equal to or lower than 6 on a scale varying from 1 (very bad quality of life) to 10 (excellent quality of life). They were 52% to feel an imbalance between their personal and professional life at the cost of their personal life. Gender discrimination has been experienced by 55% of the respondents while 37% confided having already been subject of bullying or harassment. Opportunities to adjust their work timetable including part-time work, better considerations for pregnant women including increasing the number of intensivists and the systematic replacement during maternity leave, and the respect of the law regarding the paternity leave were suggested as key measures to enable better professional and personal accomplishment by women intensivists. Conclusion In this first large French survey in women intensivists, we pointed out issues felt by women intensivists that included an imbalance between professional and personal life, a perceived loss of opportunity due to the fact of being a woman, frequent reported bullying or harassment and a lack of consideration of the needs related to pregnancy and motherhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Hauw-Berlemont
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Aubron
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Régional Et Universitaire de Brest, Université de La Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Nadia Aissaoui
- Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), APHP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université de Paris, INSERM Unit 970, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Bodet-Contentin
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, INSERM CIC 1415, CRICS-TriGGERSep Network, CHRU de Tours and methodS in Patient-Centered Outcomes and Health ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours, INSERM UMR 1246, Tours, France
| | - Florence Boissier
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,INSERM CIC 1402 (ALIVE Group), Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Muriel Sarah Fartoukh
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne, Hôpital Tenon, APHP, and APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mercedes Jourdain
- Médecine Intensive Et Réanimation - CHU de Lille, Lille, France.,Membre de L'unité INSERM U1190 - Recherche Translationnelle Sur Le Diabète, Lille, France
| | - Julien Le Marec
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Site Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Service de Pneumologie, Médecine Intensive - Réanimation, Département R3S; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Julia Pestel
- Diplôme D'étude Spécialisée Médecine Intensive Réanimation (DESMIR), Inter-région Sud-Ouest, France
| | | | - Fabienne Tamion
- Médecine Intensive Et Réanimation, Hôpital Universitaire de Rouen, Rouen, France.,INSERM U1096 EnVi, Université Normandie, UNIROUEN, caen, France
| | - Olfa Hamzaoui
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service de réanimation polyvalente, Clamart, France.
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Vincent JL, Juffermans NP, Burns KEA, Ranieri VM, Pourzitaki C, Rubulotta F. Addressing gender imbalance in intensive care. Crit Care 2021; 25:147. [PMID: 33863353 PMCID: PMC8051087 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-021-03569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
There is a large gender gap in critical care medicine with women underrepresented, particularly in positions of leadership. Yet gender diversity better reflects the current critical care community and has multiple beneficial effects at individual and societal levels. In this Viewpoint, we discuss some of the reasons for the persistent gender imbalance in critical care medicine, and suggest some possible strategies to help achieve greater equity and inclusion. An explicit and consistent focus on eliminating gender inequity is needed until gender diversity and inclusion become the norms in critical care medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Vincent
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nicole P Juffermans
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen E A Burns
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - V Marco Ranieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chryssa Pourzitaki
- Department of Anesthesiology and ICU, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Francesca Rubulotta
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Chair of the International Women in Intensive & Critical Care Medicine Network, Catania, Italy
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10
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Sfez M. Institutional commitment to reduce gender gap. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2021; 40:100801. [PMID: 33453455 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2021.100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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