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Saedpanah K, Ghasemi M, Akbari H, Adibzadeh A, Akbari H. Effects of workload and job stress on the shift work disorders among nurses: PLS SEM modeling. Eur J Transl Myol 2022; 33. [PMID: 36412125 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2022.10909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nurses, as the largest forces in the health system, are always challenged with various work responsibilities such as long working hours, lack of manpower and death of patients. This study aimed at providing a model of the relationship between workload and physical and mental health, sleep disorders, and individual and family problems by the mediation role of job stress. The present study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 300 nurses in a specialty and sub-specialty hospital in Tehran. For this reason, various questionnaires including demographic, survey of shift workers (SOS) and job stress questionnaires were used to collect the desired data. The proposed model was presented using structural equation modeling method based on Smart-PLS and SPSS-20 software. The results show that workload has an effect on job stress (β=0.747), mental health (β=-0.291), Physical health (β=-0.253), sleep quality (β=-0.234) and personal and family problems (β=-0.206). Also the results of this study show that job stress has an effect on mental health (β=-0.295), Physical health (β=-0.349), sleep quality (β=-0.295) and Personal and family problems (β=-0.441). In conclusion, results showed that the data fitted well with the model and that workload is associated with physical and mental problems, sleep disorders and individual and family problems both directly and indirectly through job stress mediation.
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Gamboa Madeira S, Fernandes C, Paiva T, Santos Moreira C, Caldeira D. The Impact of Different Types of Shift Work on Blood Pressure and Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18136738. [PMID: 34201492 PMCID: PMC8269039 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Shift work (SW) encompasses 20% of the European workforce. Moreover, high blood pressure (BP) remains a leading cause of death globally. This review aimed to synthesize the magnitude of the potential impact of SW on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and hypertension (HTN). MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases were searched for epidemiological studies evaluating BP and/or HTN diagnosis among shift workers, compared with day workers. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed and the results were expressed as pooled mean differences or odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias. Forty-five studies were included, involving 117,252 workers. We found a significant increase in both SBD and DBP among permanent night workers (2.52 mmHg, 95% CI 0.75-4.29 and 1.76 mmHg, 95% CI 0.41-3.12, respectively). For rotational shift workers, both with and without night work, we found a significant increase but only for SBP (0.65 mmHg, 95% CI 0.07-1.22 and 1.28 mmHg, 95% CI 0.18-2.39, respectively). No differences were found for HTN. Our findings suggest that SW is associated with an increase of BP, mainly for permanent night workers and for SBP. This is of special interest given the large number of susceptible workers exposed over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gamboa Madeira
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
- Family Health Unit Mactamã, Administração Regional de Saúde de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo, 2745-862 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Carina Fernandes
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Neurology Department, Hospital das Forças Armadas, 1649-020 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Paiva
- Sleep Medicine Center (CENC), 1070-068 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Nova Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos Santos Moreira
- Medicine Clinic I, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Daniel Caldeira
- Cardiology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria/Santa Maria University Hospital—Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL), CAML, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
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Weigl M, Schmuck F, Heiden B, Angerer P, Müller A. Associations of understaffing and cardiovascular health of hospital care providers: A multi-source study. Int J Nurs Stud 2019; 99:103390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ruxandra OM, Agripina R, Ileana I, Anton AI, Adela B, Camelia C, Alexandra-maria R, Cristina AO. Working in Shifts and the Metabolic Syndrome: Epidemiological Evidence and Physiopathological Mechanisms. ARS Medica Tomitana 2018; 24:144-51. [DOI: 10.2478/arsm-2018-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered as an association of the abdominal obesity, abnormal metabolism of the lipids and glucose (high level of triglycerides, low level of HDL-cholesterol and high level of glycemia) and high values of blood pressure, determined by an underlying mechanism of insulin resistance. As a result of environmental-gene interaction, MetS is associated with unhealthy nutrition, smoking, alcohol abuse, lack of physical activity, shorter sleep duration and desynchronization of the circadian rhytm caused by working in shifts. The aim of this article is to review the effects of working in shifts on the MetS through the epidemiological evidence and the perspective of the physiopathological mechanisms.
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Sarafis P, Rousaki E, Tsounis A, Malliarou M, Lahana L, Bamidis P, Niakas D, Papastavrou E. The impact of occupational stress on nurses' caring behaviors and their health related quality of life. BMC Nurs 2016; 15:56. [PMID: 27708546 PMCID: PMC5039891 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-016-0178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nursing is perceived as a strenuous job. Although past research has documented that stress influences nurses’ health in association with quality of life, the relation between stress and caring behaviors remains relatively unexamined, especially in the Greek working environment, where it is the first time that this specific issue is being studied. The aim was to investigate and explore the correlation amidst occupational stress, caring behaviors and their quality of life in association to health. Methods A correlational study of nurses (N = 246) who worked at public and private units was conducted in 2013 in Greece. The variables were operationalized using three research instruments: (1) the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS), (2) the Health Survey SF-12 and (3) the Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results Contact with death, patients and their families, conflicts with supervisors and uncertainty about the therapeutic effect caused significantly higher stress among participants. A significant negative correlation was observed amidst total stress and the four dimensions of CBI. Certain stress factors were significant and independent predictors of each CBI dimension. Conflicts with co-workers was revealed as an independent predicting factor for affirmation of human presence, professional knowledge and skills and patient respectfulness dimensions, conflicts with doctors for respect for patient, while conflicts with supervisors and uncertainty concerning treatment dimensions were an independent predictor for positive connectedness. Finally, discrimination stress factor was revealed as an independent predictor of quality of life related to physical health, while stress resulting from conflicts with supervisors was independently associated with mental health. Conclusion Occupational stress affects nurses’ health-related quality of life negatively, while it can also be considered as an influence on patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlos Sarafis
- Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus ; Hellenic Open University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Patra, 26335 Greece
| | - Eirini Rousaki
- Hellenic Open University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Patra, 26335 Greece
| | - Andreas Tsounis
- Hellenic Open University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Patra, 26335 Greece ; Centers for the Prevention of Addictions and Promoting Psychosocial Health of Municipality of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54634 Greece
| | - Maria Malliarou
- Hellenic Open University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Patra, 26335 Greece
| | - Liana Lahana
- Hellenic Open University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Patra, 26335 Greece
| | - Panagiotis Bamidis
- Hellenic Open University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Patra, 26335 Greece ; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, 54124 Greece
| | - Dimitris Niakas
- Hellenic Open University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Patra, 26335 Greece
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Lamy S, De Gaudemaris R, Lepage B, Sobaszek A, Caroly S, Kelly-Irving M, Lang T. Psychosocial and organizational work factors and incidence of arterial hypertension among female healthcare workers: results of the Organisation des Soins et Santé des Soignants cohort. J Hypertens 2014; 32:1229-36. [PMID: 24621805 DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have supported the role of organizational work factors (OWFs) on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and CVD risk factors, including arterial hypertension. However, a little information is available concerning the role of collective stressors deriving from work organization on nurse's risk of hypertension. This study aimed to test the independent longitudinal relationships linking the 2-year incidence of arterial hypertension to collective stressors at the work unit level, among baseline normotensive female hospital registered nurses and nursing assistants, after adjusting for known individual predictors of CVDs and for occupational stress. METHOD Arterial hypertension was defined as the intake of antihypertensive drug or as blood pressure (BP) measures higher than 140 mmHg (SBP) or 90 mmHg (DBP) at both the clinical visit and 1 month later. We analyzed the effect of OWFs at the work unit level, constraints related to the physical work environment and the individual perception of the work environment in 2006 on the risk of arterial hypertension in 2008 among 1882 initially normotensive female healthcare workers followed in the French Organisation des soins et santé des soignants (ORSOSA) cohort. RESULTS We showed that OWFs at the work unit level may influence the 2-year risk of arterial hypertension independently of work factors at the worker level, baseline BP, age and BMI. In this study, OWFs affected 2-year risk of arterial hypertension only through direct effects. CONCLUSION Our results pointed out the possibility of a primary prevention of arterial hypertension through interventions based at the work unit level among healthcare workers.
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Abstract
Although the health burden of shift work has not been extensively studied, evidence suggests that it may affect the metabolic balance and cause obesity and other metabolic disorders. Sleep deprivation, circadian desynchronization and behavioral changes in diet and physical activity are among the most commonly mentioned factors in studies of the association between night work and metabolic disorders. Individual adaptation to night work depends greatly on personal factors such as family and social life, but occupational interventions may also make a positive contribution to the transition to shift work, such as exposure to bright lights during the night shift, melatonin use, shift regularity and clockwise rotation, and dietary adaptations for the metabolic needs of night workers. The evaluation of the impact of night work on health and of the mechanisms underlying this relationship can serve as a basis for intervention strategies to minimize the health burden of shift work. This review aimed to identify highlights regarding therapeutic implications following the association between night and shift work and metabolic disorders, as well as the mechanisms and pathways responsible for these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carlota Borba Brum
- />Division of Occupational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto, Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- />Post-graduate program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Fábio Fernandes Dantas Filho
- />Division of Occupational Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto, Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- />Post-graduate program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Claudia Carolina Schnorr
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Gustavo Borchardt Bottega
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Ticiana C. Rodrigues
- />Post-graduate program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Universidade Federal do, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- />Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro, Barcelos 2350, Prédio 12, 4° andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003 Brazil
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Pavillet J, Askri A, Josselin V, Amar A, Laneyrie E, Lamy S, Sicard P, Gaudemaris RD. Amélioration de la qualité de vie au travail dans les unités de soins : la démarche ORSOSA. Psychologie du Travail et des Organisations 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1420-2530(16)30050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Konin C, Kramoh E, Anzouan-Kacou JB, Essam N'Loo A, Yayé A, N'Djessan JJ, Adoh M. [Diagnostic approach and treatment of hypertension in healthcare workers in Abidjan's district (Ivory Coast)]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2011; 60:41-6. [PMID: 22192685 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data concerning hypertension among health care workers are scarce. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic process and treatment of hypertension among a healthcare worker population in order to improve treatment. METHODS This was a prospective study including 821 healthcare workers from Abidjan's publics hospitals. There were 208 medical doctors, 464 nurses and 149 assistant nurses. There were 59% women, 41% men. The mean age was 42.9 years. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension was 17.5%: 48.1% among teaching medical doctors, 13.6% in the group of other medical doctors, 14.9% in the nurses group and 18.8% in the assistant nurse group. After recruitment as a healthcare worker, 86.9% of the cases of hypertension were diagnosed. When hypertension was diagnosed, 74.3% had presented symptoms. The disease was diagnosed by a physician in 77.8% of cases and by a nurse in 22%. In many cases (67.8%), the follow-up was done by a cardiologist; 15.7% by general practitioners. However, 10.7% of the healthcare workers with hypertension had no medical follow-up. Single-drug treatment was most commonly used (49.7%); 36.4% were taking two drugs. Poor compliance with treatment was noted in 71.1% of he healthcare workers with hypertension (clearly poor compliance for 40.5% and problems with compliance for 30.6%). Among those with clearly poor compliance, 29% had stopped taking their medication and seven individuals had declined taking any medication. Poor compliance was most commonly observed among assistant nurses (52.9%) and nurses (42.6%). People taking a combination of two or three drugs complied better with their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Konin
- Institut de cardiologie d'Abidjan, BP V, 206, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
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Olesen K, Carneiro IG, Jørgensen MB, Rugulies R, Rasmussen CDN, Søgaard K, Holtermann A, Flyvholm MA. Associations between psychosocial work environment and hypertension among non-Western immigrant and Danish cleaners. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2011; 85:829-35. [PMID: 22179817 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-011-0728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-Western cleaners have reported better psychosocial work environment but worse health compared with their Danish colleagues. The aim of this study was to compare the association between psychosocial work environment and hypertension among non-Western immigrant cleaners and Danish cleaners. METHODS Two hundred and eighty-five cleaners from nine workplaces in Denmark participated in this cross-sectional study. The cleaners were identified as non-Western immigrants (n = 137) or Danes (n = 148). Blood pressure was measured in a seated position, and psychosocial work environment was assessed by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). In each population, multivariate logistic regressions were applied testing for an association between each of the COPSOQ scales and hypertension. RESULTS Models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, workplace and physical work exertion showed that high Trust regarding management (OR = 0.50) and high Predictability (OR = 0.63) were statistically significantly associated with low prevalence of hypertension in the Danish population. In the immigrant population, no significant associations were found. Analyses on interaction effects showed that associations between Meaning of work and hypertension were significantly different among the two populations (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial work factors were associated with hypertension among Danes, but not among non-Western immigrants. This divergent association between psychosocial work environment and hypertension between Danes and non-Western immigrant cleaners may be explained by different perceptions of psychosocial work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Olesen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Turdi S, Yuan M, Leedy GM, Wu Z, Ren J. Chronic social stress induces cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction and intracellular Ca2+ derangement in rats. Physiol Behav 2011; 105:498-509. [PMID: 21952229 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic psychosocial stress triggers cardiovascular diseases although underlying mechanisms are still elusive. This study examined the effect of social stress on cardiomyocyte contractile function and pathological changes in myocardium using the visible burrow system (VBS) model. Chronic social stress was induced using a mixed-sex VBS housing in adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Contractile and intracellular Ca(2+) properties were evaluated in isolated cardiomyocytes including peak shortening (PS), time-to-PS (TPS), time-to-90% relengthening (TR(90)), maximal velocity of shortening/relengthening (± dL/dt), Fura-2 fluorescence intensity, and intracellular Ca(2+) decay. Myocardial histology was evaluated using Masson trichrome staining. Social stress led to depressed PS, ± dL/dt, shortened TPS and prolonged TR(90) compared with the unstressed controls. Baseline and electrically-stimulated rise in Ca(2+) were reduced whereas intracellular Ca(2+) decay was delayed in stressed rats. Histological analyses exhibited overt interstitial fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in stressed rats. The GSH/GSSG ratio (indicative of oxidative stress status) was reduced whereas oxidative protein carbonyl formation was elevated in stressed rats. Western blot analysis showed unchanged expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), β(1)-adrenoceptor (β(1)-AR) levels, reduced sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a) levels, and elevated phosphorylation of the stress signaling protein kinase JNK but not ERK in myocardium from stressed rats. Short-term in vitro treatment of cardiomyocytes with the stress inducer phenylephrine mimicked cell damage and intracellular Ca(2+) mishandling, the effects of which were mitigated by antioxidant, JNK inhibition, carvedilol and SERCA2a adenovirus. These findings indicate that chronic social stress is detrimental to cardiac structure and function possibly via mechanisms associated with oxidative injury and intracellular Ca(2+) mishandling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subat Turdi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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