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Schenke-Layland K, MacKay A. "Future Directions" - Novel breakthrough developments in the fields of drug development & delivery, and regenerative medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 205:115159. [PMID: 38101476 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Schenke-Layland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany.
| | - Andrew MacKay
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Abstract
In a myriad of developmental and degenerative brain diseases, characteristic pathological biomarkers are often associated with cerebral blood flow and vasculature. However, the relationship between vascular dysfunction and markers of brain disease is not well-defined. Additionally, it is difficult to deliver effective therapeutics to the brain due to the highly regulated blood-brain barrier (BBB) at the microvasculature interface of the brain. This Review first covers the need for modeling the BBB and the challenges of modeling the BBB. In vitro models of the BBB enable the study of the relationship between vascular dysfunction, BBB function, and disease progression and can serve as a platform to screen therapeutics. In particular, microfluidic-based in vitro BBB models are useful for studying brain vasculature as they support cell culture within the presence of continuous perfusion, which mirrors the in vivo flow and associated stress conditions in the brain. Early microfluidic models of the BBB created the most simplistic models possible that still displayed some functional aspects of the in vivo BBB. Therefore, this Review also discusses the emerging unique ways in which microfluidics in tandem with recent advancements in cell culture, biomaterials, and in vitro modeling can be used to develop more complex and physiologically relevant models of the BBB. Finally, we discuss the current and future state-of-the-art application of microfluidic BBB models for drug development and disease modeling, and the ongoing areas of needed innovation in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney D Floryanzia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Elizabeth Nance
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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Fumadó Navarro J, Lomora M. Mechanoresponsive Drug Delivery Systems for Vascular Diseases. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200466. [PMID: 36670512 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mechanoresponsive drug delivery systems (DDS) have emerged as promising candidates to improve the current effectiveness and lower the side effects typically associated with direct drug administration in the context of vascular diseases. Despite tremendous research efforts to date, designing drug delivery systems able to respond to mechanical stimuli to potentially treat these diseases is still in its infancy. By understanding relevant biological forces emerging in healthy and pathological vascular endothelium, it is believed that better-informed design strategies can be deduced for the fabrication of simple-to-complex macromolecular assemblies capable of sensing mechanical forces. These responsive systems are discussed through insights into essential parameter design (composition, size, shape, and aggregation state) , as well as their functionalization with (macro)molecules that are intrinsically mechanoresponsive (e.g., mechanosensitive ion channels and mechanophores). Mechanical forces, including the pathological shear stress and exogenous stimuli (e.g., ultrasound, magnetic fields), used for the activation of mechanoresponsive DDS are also introduced, followed by in vitro and in vivo experimental models used to investigate and validate such novel therapies. Overall, this review aims to propose a fresh perspective through identified challenges and proposed solutions that could be of benefit for the further development of this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Fumadó Navarro
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Upper Newcastle, Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Mihai Lomora
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Upper Newcastle, Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
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Xu M, Han X, Xiong H, Gao Y, Xu B, Zhu G, Li J. Cancer Nanomedicine: Emerging Strategies and Therapeutic Potentials. Molecules 2023; 28:5145. [PMID: 37446806 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to pose a severe threat to global health, making pursuing effective treatments more critical than ever. Traditional therapies, although pivotal in managing cancer, encounter considerable challenges, including drug resistance, poor drug solubility, and difficulties targeting tumors, specifically limiting their overall efficacy. Nanomedicine's application in cancer therapy signals a new epoch, distinguished by the improvement of the specificity, efficacy, and tolerability of cancer treatments. This review explores the mechanisms and advantages of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery, highlighting passive and active targeting strategies. Furthermore, it explores the transformative potential of nanomedicine in tumor therapeutics, delving into its applications across various treatment modalities, including surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, gene therapy, as well as tumor diagnosis and imaging. Meanwhile, the outlook of nanomedicine in tumor therapeutics is discussed, emphasizing the need for addressing toxicity concerns, improving drug delivery strategies, enhancing carrier stability and controlled release, simplifying nano-design, and exploring novel manufacturing technologies. Overall, integrating nanomedicine in cancer treatment holds immense potential for revolutionizing cancer therapeutics and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Xu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xinpu Han
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Hongtai Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yijie Gao
- Department of Integrative Medicine Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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Nguyen HT, Peirsman A, Tirpakova Z, Mandal K, Vanlauwe F, Maity S, Kawakita S, Khorsandi D, Herculano R, Umemura C, Yilgor C, Bell R, Hanson A, Li S, Nanda HS, Zhu Y, Najafabadi AH, Jucaud V, Barros N, Dokmeci MR, Khademhosseini A. Engineered Vasculature for Cancer Research and Regenerative Medicine. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:978. [PMID: 37241602 PMCID: PMC10221678 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Engineered human tissues created by three-dimensional cell culture of human cells in a hydrogel are becoming emerging model systems for cancer drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Complex functional engineered tissues can also assist in the regeneration, repair, or replacement of human tissues. However, one of the main hurdles for tissue engineering, three-dimensional cell culture, and regenerative medicine is the capability of delivering nutrients and oxygen to cells through the vasculatures. Several studies have investigated different strategies to create a functional vascular system in engineered tissues and organ-on-a-chips. Engineered vasculatures have been used for the studies of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, as well as drug and cell transports across the endothelium. Moreover, vascular engineering allows the creation of large functional vascular conduits for regenerative medicine purposes. However, there are still many challenges in the creation of vascularized tissue constructs and their biological applications. This review will summarize the latest efforts to create vasculatures and vascularized tissues for cancer research and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu Tuan Nguyen
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Arne Peirsman
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zuzana Tirpakova
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 04181 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Kalpana Mandal
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Florian Vanlauwe
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Surjendu Maity
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Satoru Kawakita
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Rondinelli Herculano
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Bioengineering & Biomaterials Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Christian Umemura
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Can Yilgor
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Remy Bell
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Adrian Hanson
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Shaopei Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Himansu Sekhar Nanda
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Technology Laboratory, PDPM—Indian Institute of Information Technology Design Manufacturing, Jabalpur 482005, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | | | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Natan Barros
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | | | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
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Tzeng HT, Huang YJ. Tumor Vasculature as an Emerging Pharmacological Target to Promote Anti-Tumor Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36901858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor vasculature abnormality creates a microenvironment that is not suitable for anti-tumor immune response and thereby induces resistance to immunotherapy. Remodeling of dysfunctional tumor blood vessels by anti-angiogenic approaches, known as vascular normalization, reshapes the tumor microenvironment toward an immune-favorable one and improves the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The tumor vasculature serves as a potential pharmacological target with the capacity of promoting an anti-tumor immune response. In this review, the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor vascular microenvironment-modulated immune reactions are summarized. In addition, the evidence of pre-clinical and clinical studies for the combined targeting of pro-angiogenic signaling and immune checkpoint molecules with therapeutic potential are highlighted. The heterogeneity of endothelial cells in tumors that regulate tissue-specific immune responses is also discussed. The crosstalk between tumor endothelial cells and immune cells in individual tissues is postulated to have a unique molecular signature and may be considered as a potential target for the development of new immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Nguyen AB, Iqbal O, Block RC, Mousa SA. Prevention and treatment of atherothrombosis: Potential impact of nanotechnology. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 148:107127. [PMID: 36375733 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2022.107127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Complications with atherosclerosis can often lead to fatal clot formation and blood vessel occlusion - also known as atherothrombosis. A key component to the development of atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis is the endothelium and its ability to regulate the balance between prothrombotic and antithrombotic activities. Endothelial surface glycocalyx has a critical role in maintenance of vascular integrity. The endothelial glycocalyx, nitric oxide, prostacyclins, heparan sulfate, thrombomodulin, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor all prevent thrombosis, while P-selectin, among many other factors, favors thrombosis. However, endothelial dysfunction gives rise to the acceleration of thrombotic development and eventually the requirement of antithrombotic therapy. Most FDA-approved anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies today carry a side effect profile of major bleed. Within the past five years, several preclinical studies using different endothelial targets and nanotechnology as a drug delivery method have emerged to target the endothelium and to enhance current antithrombosis without increasing bleed risk. While clinical studies are required, this review illustrates the proof-of-concept of nanotechnology in promoting a greater safety and efficacy profile through multiple in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B Nguyen
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York 12144, United States of America
| | - Omer Iqbal
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Robert C Block
- University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, United States of America
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, New York 12144, United States of America.
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Kong Z, Wang X. Bioprinting Technologies and Bioinks for Vascular Model Establishment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010891. [PMID: 36614332 PMCID: PMC9821327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, large diameter artery defects (diameter larger than 6 mm) can be substituted by unbiodegradable polymers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene. There are many problems in the construction of small diameter blood vessels (diameter between 1 and 3 mm) and microvessels (diameter less than 1 mm), especially in the establishment of complex vascular models with multi-scale branched networks. Throughout history, the vascularization strategies have been divided into three major groups, including self-generated capillaries from implantation, pre-constructed vascular channels, and three-dimensional (3D) printed cell-laden hydrogels. The first group is based on the spontaneous angiogenesis behaviour of cells in the host tissues, which also lays the foundation of capillary angiogenesis in tissue engineering scaffolds. The second group is to vascularize the polymeric vessels (or scaffolds) with endothelial cells. It is hoped that the pre-constructed vessels can be connected with the vascular networks of host tissues with rapid blood perfusion. With the development of bioprinting technologies, various fabrication methods have been achieved to build hierarchical vascular networks with high-precision 3D control. In this review, the latest advances in 3D bioprinting of vascularized tissues/organs are discussed, including new printing techniques and researches on bioinks for promoting angiogenesis, especially coaxial printing, freeform reversible embedded in suspended hydrogel printing, and acoustic assisted printing technologies, and freeform reversible embedded in suspended hydrogel (flash) technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Kong
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education & Center of Organ Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-24-3190-0983
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Cooke JP, Lai L. Role of angiogenic transdifferentiation in vascular recovery. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1155835. [PMID: 37200975 PMCID: PMC10187761 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1155835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue repair requires the orchestration of multiple processes involving a multiplicity of cellular effectors, signaling pathways, and cell-cell communication. The regeneration of the vasculature is a critical process for tissue repair and involves angiogenesis, adult vasculogenesis, and often arteriogenesis, which processes enable recovery of perfusion to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the repair or rebuild of the tissue. Endothelial cells play a major role in angiogenesis, whereas circulating angiogenic cells (primarily of hematopoietic origin) participate in adult vasculogenesis, and monocytes/macrophages have a defining role in the vascular remodeling that is necessary for arteriogenesis. Tissue fibroblasts participate in tissue repair by proliferating and generating the extracellular matrix as the structural scaffold for tissue regeneration. Heretofore, fibroblasts were not generally believed to be involved in vascular regeneration. However, we provide new data indicating that fibroblasts may undergo angiogenic transdifferentiation, to directly expand the microvasculature. Transdifferentiation of fibroblasts to endothelial cells is initiated by inflammatory signaling which increases DNA accessibility and cellular plasticity. In the environment of under-perfused tissue, the activated fibroblasts with increased DNA accessibility can now respond to angiogenic cytokines, which provide the transcriptional direction to induce fibroblasts to become endothelial cells. Periphery artery disease (PAD) involves the dysregulation of vascular repair and inflammation. Understanding the relationship between inflammation, transdifferentiation, and vascular regeneration may lead to a new therapeutic approach to PAD.
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