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Singh A, Maiti M. Yield estimation of radionuclides from 6,7Li-induced reactions: A comparative analysis for 97,95Ru. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 208:111287. [PMID: 38508064 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The article reports the production yields of the medically relevant Ru radionuclides and other co-produced radionuclides from 6,7Li-induced reactions on 93Nb target within the 20-45 MeV energy range. The residues were measured employing the activation technique followed by the offline γ-spectroscopy. Statistical model calculations using EMPIRE3.2.2 code are employed to assess the optimized nuclear model parameters and production mechanisms of the residues. As an outcome, new data from 6Li reaction suggests 9720 MBq/C of thick target yield (TTY) for the production of 95Ru with minimal impurities. While 7Li reaction may be relied upon for producing 97Ru, yielding 813 MBq/C TTY within the studied energy range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Moumita Maiti
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Tosato M, Gandini A, Happel S, Bas M, Donzella A, Zenoni A, Salvini A, Andrighetto A, Di Marco V, Asti M. Chromatographic separation of silver-111 from neutron-irradiated palladium target: toward direct labeling of radiotracers. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2023; 8:43. [PMID: 38123869 PMCID: PMC10733254 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-023-00232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver-111 is a promising β--emitting radioisotope with ideal characteristics for targeted radionuclide therapy and associated single photon emission tomography imaging. Its decay properties closely resemble the clinically established lutetium-177, making it an attractive candidate for therapeutic applications. In addition, the clinical value of silver-111 is further enhanced by the existence of the positron-emitting counterpart silver-103, thus imparting a truly theranostic potential to this element. A so-fitting matching pair could potentially overcome the current limitations associated with the forced use of chemically different isotopes as imaging surrogates of lutetium-177, leading to more accurate and efficient diagnosis and treatment. However, the use of silver-111-based radiopharmaceuticals in vivo has faced obstacles due to the challenges related to its production and radiochemical separation from the target material. To address these issues, this study aims to implement a chromatographic separation methodology for the purification of reactor-produced silver-111. The ultimate goal is to achieve a ready-to-use formulation for the direct radiolabeling of tumour-seeking biomolecules. RESULTS A two-step sequence chromatographic process was validated for cold Ag-Pd separation and then translated to the radioactive counterpart. Silver-111 was produced via the 110Pd(n,γ)111Pd nuclear reaction on a natural palladium target and the subsequent β--decay of palladium-111. Silver-111 was chemically separated from the metallic target via the implemented chromatographic process by using commercially available LN and TK200 resins. The effectiveness of the separations was assessed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and γ-spectrometry, respectively, and the Ag+ retrieval was afforded in pure water. Recovery of silver-111 was > 90% with a radionuclidic purity > 99% and a separation factor of around 4.21·10-4. CONCLUSIONS The developed separation method was suitable to obtain silver-111 with high molar activity in a ready-to-use water-based formulation that can be directly employed for the labeling of radiotracers. By successfully establishing a robust and efficient production and purification method for silver-111, this research paves the way for its wider application in targeted radionuclide therapy and precision imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Tosato
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Section, Nuclear Medicine Unit, AUSL di Reggio Emilia: Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Gandini
- Laboratory of Applied Nuclear Energy, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Marine Bas
- TrisKem International SAS, 35170, Brittany, France
| | - Antonietta Donzella
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
- Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics, Pavia Section, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Aldo Zenoni
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
- Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics, Pavia Section, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Salvini
- Laboratory of Applied Nuclear Energy, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto Andrighetto
- Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics, Legnaro National Laboratories, 35020, Legnaro, (Padova), Italy
| | - Valerio Di Marco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Mattia Asti
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Section, Nuclear Medicine Unit, AUSL di Reggio Emilia: Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Tosato M, Asti M. Lights and Shadows on the Sourcing of Silver Radioisotopes for Targeted Imaging and Therapy of Cancer: Production Routes and Separation Methods. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:929. [PMID: 37513841 PMCID: PMC10383325 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The interest in silver radioisotopes of medical appeal (silver-103, silver-104m,g and silver-111) has been recently awakened by the versatile nature of their nuclear decays, which combine emissions potentially suitable for non-invasive imaging with emissions suited for cancer treatment. However, to trigger their in vivo application, the production of silver radioisotopes in adequate amounts, and with high radionuclidic purity and molar activity, is a key prerequisite. This review examines the different production routes of silver-111, silver-103 and silver-104m,g providing a comprehensive critical overview of the separation and purification strategies developed so far. Aspects of quality (radiochemical, chemical and radionuclidic purity) are also emphasized and compared with the aim of pushing towards the future implementation of this theranostic triplet in preclinical and clinical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Tosato
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Section, Nuclear Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Mattia Asti
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Section, Nuclear Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Anwer M, Naz A, Ahmad I, Usman M, Hussain J, Ilyas SZ, Shahid M. Ion beam activation of natCu, natTi, natNi and measurement of product formation cross sections at low energy (<10 MeV). RADIOCHIM ACTA 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2021-1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study we investigated the production cross sections of natCu(p, x)63,65Zn, natTi(p, x)48V, natNi(p, x)55Co,61Cu and natCu(α, x)66,67,68Ga, natTi(α, x)49,51Cr, natNi(α, x)63,65Zn reactions in the low energy range using the foil activation technique. The samples were activated in vacuum at 5 MV tandem (Pelletron) accelerator installed at National Centre for Physics (NCP), Islamabad, Pakistan. The reaction products were identified with the help of off-line gamma ray spectroscopy system connected with Genie 2000 software. The data analysis revealed the production of different radioisotopes that have valuable importance in monitoring charged-particle beams and medical applications. The measured results were verified by comparing them with earlier evaluated data as well as with the theoretical values given in the TENDL-library based on TALYS-1.9 code calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahwish Anwer
- Experimental Physics Directorate , National Centre for Physics , Shahdra Valley Road, P.O. Box No.2141 , Islamabad , 44000 , Pakistan
- Department of Physics , Allama Iqbal Open University , 2 Ashfaq Ahmed Rd, H-8 , Islamabad 44000 , Pakistan
| | - Anam Naz
- Experimental Physics Directorate , National Centre for Physics , Shahdra Valley Road, P.O. Box No.2141 , Islamabad , 44000 , Pakistan
- Department of Physics , Allama Iqbal Open University , 2 Ashfaq Ahmed Rd, H-8 , Islamabad 44000 , Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Ahmad
- Experimental Physics Directorate , National Centre for Physics , Shahdra Valley Road, P.O. Box No.2141 , Islamabad , 44000 , Pakistan
- Joint International Research Institute of Nuclear Radiation Physics , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Experimental Physics Directorate , National Centre for Physics , Shahdra Valley Road, P.O. Box No.2141 , Islamabad , 44000 , Pakistan
| | - Javed Hussain
- Experimental Physics Directorate , National Centre for Physics , Shahdra Valley Road, P.O. Box No.2141 , Islamabad , 44000 , Pakistan
| | - Syed Zafar Ilyas
- Department of Physics , Allama Iqbal Open University , 2 Ashfaq Ahmed Rd, H-8 , Islamabad 44000 , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- National Institute of Safety and Security , Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority , G-8/1, P.O. Box No. 1912 , Islamabad , 44080 , Pakistan
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Pupillo G, Mou L, Manenti S, Groppi F, Esposito J, Haddad F. Nuclear data for light charged particle induced production of emerging medical radionuclides. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2022; 0. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2022-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Whatever the radionuclide to be used in nuclear medicine, it is essential to know the expected yield during the production process, but also of all the possible radionuclidic impurities coproduced, that can have an impact on the product final quality, as well as in the related waste management. The availability of the majority of emerging radioisotopes, including the theranostic ones or pairs, is mainly limited by the fact that, for most of them, the optimal production route still needs to be strengthened if not defined in some cases. The aim of this work is to present a review on the charged particle induced nuclear cross sections to produce some emerging radionuclides for medical applications to show that all types of projectiles should be considered in the quest of producing medical radionuclides. An accurate analysis of the production routes is presented for some radionuclides (67Cu, 47Sc, 89Zr, 103Pd, 186gRe, 97Ru, 211At) chosen as examples to highlight (i) how the quality of the final product strongly depends on the chosen target/projectile/energy parameters set, (ii) how deuteron production routes may sometimes be more effective than the proton ones or lead to a different impurity profile and (iii) how α-particle beams may allow to bypass the limitations occurring when using Z = 1 beams. An overview of possible advantages and drawbacks of the cited production routes and of potential cross sections that still need to be measured, is also reported.
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Tárkányi F, Ditrói F, Takács S, Hermanne A, Ignatyuk AV, Spahn I, Spellerberg S. Investigation of activation cross-sections of deuteron induced reactions on ruthenium up to 50 MeV. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 168:109401. [PMID: 33317889 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The activation cross sections of deuteron induced reactions on natural ruthenium have been measured up to 50 MeV for production of radioisotopes of rhodium (105Rh, 102mRh,102gRh,101mRh,101gRh, 100gRh, 99mRh, 99gRh), ruthenium (105Ru,103Ru (cum), 102Ru (cum), 97Ru (cum), 95Ru (cum)) and of technetium (99mTc, 96gTc (m+), 95mTc (cum), 95gTc (cum), 94gTc,93gTc (m+)). The results are compared with the predictions of the most common theoretical nuclear reaction model codes (ALICE-D, EMPIRE-D and TALYS (TENDL)). From the measured cross section physical yields have been calculated for all measured radioisotopes. The medically important radioisotopes are discussed from the point of view of production routes by charged particle methods and other alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tárkányi
- Institute for Nuclear Research (ATOMKI), Debrecen, Hungary
| | - F Ditrói
- Institute for Nuclear Research (ATOMKI), Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - S Takács
- Institute for Nuclear Research (ATOMKI), Debrecen, Hungary
| | - A Hermanne
- Cyclotron Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - A V Ignatyuk
- Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE), Obninsk, Russia
| | - I Spahn
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Jülich, Germany
| | - S Spellerberg
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Jülich, Germany
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Do Nguyen V, Nguyen TL, Nguyen TX, Nguyen TH, Kim G, Kim K. Measurement of cross sections for the formation of 100gRh in natPd(p,x)100m,gRh reactions up to 42.61 MeV. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019; 321:117-123. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yiğit M. Investigating the (p,n) excitation functions on 104–106,108,110Pd isotopes. Appl Radiat Isot 2017; 130:109-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ditrói F, Tárkányi F, Takács S, Hermanne A, Ignatyuk AV. Measurement of activation cross-section of long-lived products in deuteron induced nuclear reactions on palladium in the 30-50MeV energy range. Appl Radiat Isot 2017; 128:297-306. [PMID: 28763788 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Excitation functions were measured in the 31-49.2MeV energy range for the natPd(d,xn)111,110m,106m,105,104g,103Ag, natPd(d,x) 111m,109,101,100Pd, natPd(d,x), 105,102m,102g,101m,101g,100,99m,99gRh and natPd(d,x)103,97Ru nuclear reactions by using the stacked foil irradiation technique. The experimental results are compared with our previous results and with the theoretical predictions calculated with the ALICE-D, EMPIRE-D and TALYS (TENDL libraries) codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ditrói
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI), Debrecen. Hungary.
| | - F Tárkányi
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI), Debrecen. Hungary
| | - S Takács
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI), Debrecen. Hungary
| | - A Hermanne
- Cyclotron Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - A V Ignatyuk
- Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE), Obninsk, Russia
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