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Gong L, Hou J, Yang H, Zhang X, Zhao J, Wang L, Yin X, Feng X, Yin C. Kuntai capsule attenuates premature ovarian insufficiency by activating the FOXO3/SIRT5 signaling pathway in mice: A comprehensive study using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap and integrated pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 322:117625. [PMID: 38145859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Classical prescriptions are not only a primary method of clinical treatment in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) but also represent breakthroughs in the inheritance and development of this field. Kuntai capsule (KTC), a formulation based on a classical prescription, comprises six TCMs: Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, Coptidis Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Scutellariae Radix, Asini Corii Colla, and Poria. This formulation possesses various beneficial effects, such as nourishing yin and blood, clearing heat and purging fire, and calming the nerves and relieving annoyance. The investigation of the efficacy and mechanism of KTC in regulating anti-aging factors in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is not only a prominent topic in classical prescription research but also a crucial issue in the treatment of female reproductive aging using TCM. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the therapeutic effect of KTC on POI and its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy and specific pathogen-free (SPF) female Kunming mice aged 6-8 weeks were selected. After acclimatization, the mice were randomly divided into a control, model, and high, middle, and low dose groups of KTC (1.6, 0.8, and 0.4 mg/kg, respectively). Except for the control group, the animals in the other groups were administered a single intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg cyclophosphamide and 30 mg/kg Busulfan to induce the model of POI. After modeling, the mice were treated with the corresponding drugs for 7 days. Serum and ovarian tissues were collected, and the levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The chemical composition of KTC was characterized and analyzed using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-linear ion trap-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry. A "drug-component-target-pathway-disease" network was constructed using network pharmacology research methods to identify the key active components of KTC in treating POI and to elucidate its potential mechanism. The protein expression of the FOXO3/SIRT5 pathway was detected by western blotting. RESULTS Compared to the model group, the high-dose group of KTC showed a significant increase in ovarian index, significant increase in levels of E2 and SOD2, and a significant decrease in FSH levels. Through systematic analysis of the chemical constituents of KTC, 69 compounds were identified, including 7 organic acids, 14 alkaloids, 28 flavonoids, 15 terpenoids, 2 lignans, 2 phenylpropanoids, and 1 sugar. Based on network pharmacology research methods, it was determined that KTC exerts its therapeutic effect on POI through multiple components (paeoniflorin and malic acid), multiple targets (FOXO3 and SIRT5), and multiple pathways (prolactin signaling pathway, longevity regulating pathway, and metabolic pathways). The accuracy of the network pharmacology prediction was further validated by detecting the protein expression of SIRT5 and FOXO3a, which showed a significant increase in the middle and high-dose groups of KTC compared to the model group. CONCLUSIONS KTC may effectively treat POI through a multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway approach, providing an experimental basis for using KTC based on classical prescriptions in the treatment of POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Gong
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Jinli Hou
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Hongjun Yang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Jingxia Zhao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Xiaojie Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Xin Feng
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China.
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Sun S, Wang K, Guo D, Zheng H, Liu Y, Shen H, Du J. Identification of the key DNA damage response genes for predicting immunotherapy and chemotherapy efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma based on bulk, single-cell RNA sequencing, and spatial transcriptomics. Comput Biol Med 2024; 171:108078. [PMID: 38340438 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) plus chemotherapy is the preferred first-line treatment for advanced driver-negative lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The DNA damage response (DDR) is the main mechanism underlying chemotherapy resistance, and EGLN3 is a key DDR component. METHOD We conducted an analysis utilizing TCGA and GEO databases employing multiple labels-WGCNA, DEGs, and prognostic assessments. Using bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data, we isolated EGLN3 as the single crucial DDR gene. Spatial transcriptome analysis revealed the spatial differential distribution of EGLN3. TIDE/IPS scores and pRRophetic/oncoPredict R packages were used to predict resistance to ICI and chemotherapy drugs, respectively. RESULTS EGLN3 was overexpressed in LUAD tissues (p < 0.001), with the high EGLN3 expression group exhibiting a poor prognosis (p = 0.00086, HR: 1.126 [1.039-1.22]). Spatial transcriptome analysis revealed EGLN3 overexpression in cancerous and hypoxic regions, positively correlating with DDR-related and TGF-β pathways. Drug response predictions indicated EGLN3's resistance to the common chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin (p = 6.1e-14), docetaxel (p = 1.1e-07), and paclitaxel (p = 4.2e-07). Furthermore, on analyzing the resistance mechanism, we found that EGLN3 regulated DDR-related pathways and induced chemotherapy resistance. Additionally, EGLN3 influenced TGF-β signaling, Treg cells, and cancer-associated fibroblast cells, culminating in immunotherapy resistance. Moreover, validation using real-world data, such as GSE126044, GSE135222, and, IMvigor210, substantiated the response trends to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS EGLN3 emerges as a potential biomarker predicting lower response to both immunotherapy and chemotherapy, suggesting its promise as a therapeutic target in advanced LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Sun
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Department of Healthcare Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Deyu Guo
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haotian Zheng
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongchang Shen
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiajun Du
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Lombardo GE, Russo C, Maugeri A, Navarra M. Sirtuins as Players in the Signal Transduction of Citrus Flavonoids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1956. [PMID: 38396635 PMCID: PMC10889095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) belong to the family of nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent class III histone deacetylases, which come into play in the regulation of epigenetic processes through the deacetylation of histones and other substrates. The human genome encodes for seven homologs (SIRT1-7), which are localized into the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria, with different enzymatic activities and regulatory mechanisms. Indeed, SIRTs are involved in different physio-pathological processes responsible for the onset of several human illnesses, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, obesity and diabetes, age-related disorders, and cancer. Nowadays, it is well-known that Citrus fruits, typical of the Mediterranean diet, are an important source of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. Among these, flavonoids are recognized as potential agents endowed with a wide range of beneficial properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and antitumoral ones. On these bases, we offer a comprehensive overview on biological effects exerted by Citrus flavonoids via targeting SIRTs, which acted as modulator of several signaling pathways. According to the reported studies, Citrus flavonoids appear to be promising SIRT modulators in many different pathologies, a role which might be potentially evaluated in future therapies, along with encouraging the study of those SIRT members which still lack proper evidence on their support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Enrico Lombardo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Caterina Russo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
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Mou L, Yang L, Hou S, Wang B, Wang X, Hu L, Deng J, Liu J, Chen X, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Lei P, Wang L, Li R, Fu P, Li GB, Ma L, Yang L. Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of 2,4,5-Trisubstituted Pyrimidine Derivatives Leading to the Identification of a Novel and Potent Sirtuin 5 Inhibitor against Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11517-11535. [PMID: 37556731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical problem without effective drugs. Inhibition of sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) has been confirmed to protect against AKI, suggesting that SIRT5 inhibitors might be a promising therapeutic approach for AKI. Herein, structural optimization was performed on our previous compound 1 (IC50 = 3.0 μM), and a series of 2,4,5-trisubstituted pyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis led to the discovery of three nanomolar level SIRT5 inhibitors, of which the most potent compound 58 (IC50 = 310 nM) was demonstrated to be a substrate-competitive and selective inhibitor. Importantly, 58 significantly alleviated kidney dysfunction and pathological injury in both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and cecal ligation/perforation (CLP)-induced septic AKI mice. Further studies revealed that 58 regulated protein succinylation and the release of proinflammatory cytokines in the kidneys of septic AKI mice. Collectively, these results highlighted that targeting SIRT5 has a therapeutic potential against septic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luohe Mou
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Hu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Jianlin Deng
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Pengcheng Lei
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Lijiao Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Rong Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guo-Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
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