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Sigudu T, Qekwana D, Oguttu J. A Retrospective Descriptive Study of Staphylococcus Species Isolated from Canine Specimens Submitted to a Diagnostic Laboratory in South Africa, 2012-2017. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1304. [PMID: 38731308 PMCID: PMC11083448 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a scarcity of published studies on the occurrence of Staphylococcus spp. Among dogs in South Africa. The objective of the study was to characterise the Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from dog samples submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in South Africa in terms of time, place, and person. This study utilised a dataset of 1627 positive Staphylococcus isolates obtained from a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in South Africa from 2012 to 2017. Out of the 1627 confirmed isolates, 10 different species of Staphylococcus were identified. Among these, 92.0% were classified as coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS), 6.0% were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), and 3.0% were coagulase-variable. Male dogs contributed just over half (53.2%) of the Staphylococcus isolates, while female dogs contributed the remaining 46.8%. The largest proportion of isolates (23.2%) were obtained from dogs aged ≥ 9 years, with the highest number of isolates originating from KwaZulu-Natal Province (45.0%) and the least from Northern Cape Province (0.1%). Out of the total samples included in the records, the majority (46.0%) were skin specimens. The number of Staphylococcus isolates recorded showed limited variation between the seasons (24.3% in autumn, 26.3% in winter, 26.0% in spring, and 24.0% in summer). This study highlighted the diversity of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from dogs, and the burden of staphylococcal carriage among dogs in South Africa. Further research is required to examine the factors that contribute to the observed discrepancies in the proportions of Staphylococcus spp. between the provinces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Themba Sigudu
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa;
- Department of Health and Society, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Daniel Qekwana
- Section Veterinary Public Health, Department of Para Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0110, South Africa;
| | - James Oguttu
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa;
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Santana JA, Paraguassu AO, Santana RST, Xavier RGC, Freitas PMC, Aburjaile FF, Azevedo VADC, Brenig B, Bojesen AM, Silva ROS. Risk Factors, Genetic Diversity, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus spp. Isolates in Dogs Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit of a Veterinary Hospital. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030621. [PMID: 36978487 PMCID: PMC10045350 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive Care Units (ICU) usually provide an excellent environment for the selection of pathogens associated with hospital-acquired infections (HAI), leading to increased mortality and hospitalization costs. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is a major cause of HAI in dogs worldwide, but the risk factors and dynamics of colonization by MRSP are largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with the acquisition of MRSP in dogs admitted to an ICU, and to report the antimicrobial resistance profiles and genetic relatedness of MRSP isolates. Sterile swabs from the nostril, axilla, and rectum were collected daily during the hospitalization of 54 dogs. Samples were subjected to Mannitol Salt Agar, and colonies were identified by MALDI-ToF, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and sequencing of the rpoB gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PCR detection of mecA were performed. Staphylococcus spp. was isolated from 94% of the dogs, and the most frequently isolated species was S. pseudintermedius (88.2%). Carriage of multidrug resistant (MDR) staphylococci was observed in 64.4% of the dogs, and approximately 39% had methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus sp. (MRS), of which 21.6% had MRSP and 1.9% had methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The acquisition of MRSP during ICU hospitalization was associated with sex (female), age (>7 years), and dogs that had previously been treated with antimicrobials. Animals colonized by MRSP resistant to ≥9 antimicrobial classes had longer hospital stays than those colonized by other MRS strains. Among the 13 MRSP isolates that were subjected to whole-genome sequencing, ten were classified as ST71. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis revealed three clones, including one that was detected in infected dogs outside the ICU. This study indicates novel risk factors associated with colonization by MRSP. The detection of the same MRSP clone causing HAI outside the ICU reinforces the need for improved infection prevention and control practices at veterinary hospitals in general and at the ICU in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Almeida Santana
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30720440, Brazil
| | - Amanda Oliveira Paraguassu
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30720440, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30720440, Brazil
| | - Patricia Maria Colleto Freitas
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30720440, Brazil
| | - Flavia Figueira Aburjaile
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30720440, Brazil
| | | | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anders Miki Bojesen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30720440, Brazil
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Sebola DC, Oguttu JW, Kock MM, Qekwana DN. Hospital-acquired and zoonotic bacteria from a veterinary hospital and their associated antimicrobial-susceptibility profiles: A systematic review. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1087052. [PMID: 36699325 PMCID: PMC9868922 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1087052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are associated with increased mortality, morbidity, and an economic burden due to costs associated with extended hospital stays. Furthermore, most pathogens associated with HAIs in veterinary medicine are zoonotic. This study used published data to identify organisms associated with HAIs and zoonosis in veterinary medicine. Furthermore, the study also investigated the antimicrobial-susceptibility profile of these bacterial organisms. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Search terms and five electronic databases were used to identify studies published over 20 years (2000-2020). The risk of bias was assessed using the "Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology-Vet" (STROBE-Vet) checklist. Results Out of the identified 628 papers, 27 met the inclusion criteria for this study. Most studies (63%, 17/27) included were either from small animal or companion animal clinics/hospitals, while 5% (4/27) were from large animal clinics/hospitals inclusive of bovine and equine hospitals. Hospital-acquired bacteria were reported from environmental surfaces (33%, 9/27), animal clinical cases (29.6%, 8/27), and fomites such as cell phones, clippers, stethoscopes, and computers (14.8%, 4/27). Staphylococcus spp. was the most (63%; 17/27) reported organism, followed by Escherichia coli (19%; 5/27), Enterococcus spp. (15%, 4/27), Salmonella spp. (15%; 4/27), Acinetobacter baumannii (15%, 4/27), Clostridioides difficile (4%, 1/27), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4%; 1/27). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms were reported in 71% (12/17) of studies linked to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP), Enterococcus spp., Salmonella Typhimurium, A. baumannii, and E. coli. The mecA gene was identified in both MRSA and MRSP, the blaCMY-2 gene in E. coli and Salmonella spp., and the vanA gene in E. faecium isolate. Six studies reported organisms from animals with similar clonal lineage to those reported in human isolates. Conclusion Organisms associated with hospital-acquired infections and zoonosis have been reported from clinical cases, environmental surfaces, and items used during patient treatment and care. Staphylococcus species is the most reported organism in cases of HAIs and some isolates shared similar clonal lineage to those reported in humans. Some organisms associated with HAIs exhibit a high level of resistance and contain genes associated with antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikeledi C. Sebola
- Section Veterinary Public Health, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - James W. Oguttu
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Marleen M. Kock
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa,Tshwane Academic Division, National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Daniel N. Qekwana
- Section Veterinary Public Health, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa,*Correspondence: Daniel N. Qekwana ✉
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Ocloo R, Nyasinga J, Munshi Z, Hamdy A, Marciniak T, Soundararajan M, Newton-Foot M, Ziebuhr W, Shittu A, Revathi G, Abouelfetouh A, Whitelaw A. Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci other than Staphylococcus aureus from domestic animals and livestock in Africa: a systematic review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1059054. [PMID: 36583033 PMCID: PMC9792789 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1059054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Staphylococci other than Staphylococcus aureus (SOSA) in animals are becoming more pathogenic and antibiotic resistant and can potentially disseminate to humans. However, there is little synthesized information regarding SOSA from animals in Africa. This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of SOSA in companion animals (pets) and livestock in Africa. Method This systematic review (PROSPERO-CRD42021252303) was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, and 75 eligible studies from 13 countries were identified until August 2022. Three electronic databases (Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science) were employed. Results The frequently isolated SOSA were S. epidermidis, S. intermedius, S. pseudintermedius, S. xylosus, S. chromogenes, S. hyicus, M. sciuri, S. hominis, and S. haemolyticus. Thirty (40%) studies performed antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST). Penicillin (58%) and tetracycline (28%) resistance were most common across all SOSA with high rates of resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides in some species. Resistance to last-resort antibiotics such as linezolid and fusidic acid were also reported. Limited data on strain typing and molecular resistance mechanisms precluded analysis of the clonal diversity of SOSA on the continent. Conclusion The findings of this review indicate that research on livestock-associated SOSA in Africa is lacking in some regions such as Central and Western Africa, furthermore, research on companion animals and more advanced methods for identification and strain typing of SOSA need to be encouraged. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42021252303.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remous Ocloo
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Justin Nyasinga
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
- Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Pan African University, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, The Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Zubair Munshi
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Aisha Hamdy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tessa Marciniak
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Mae Newton-Foot
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- National Health Laboratory Service, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Wilma Ziebuhr
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Adebayo Shittu
- Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Gunturu Revathi
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Alaa Abouelfetouh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alamein International University, Alamein, Egypt
| | - Andrew Whitelaw
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- National Health Laboratory Service, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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Fungwithaya P, Sontigun N, Boonhoh W, Boonchuay K, Wongtawan T. Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius on the environmental surfaces of a recently constructed veterinary hospital in Southern Thailand. Vet World 2022; 15:1087-1096. [PMID: 35698521 PMCID: PMC9178593 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1087-1096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a zoonotic bacterium commonly found in animals, especially dogs. These bacteria can survive on environmental surfaces for several months. The infection of S. pseudintermedius from the environment is possible, but properly cleaning surface objects can prevent it. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) in the environment of a recently constructed veterinary hospital in Southern Thailand, where we hypothesized that the prevalence of MRSP might be very low. Materials and Methods: At three different time points, 150 samples were collected from different environmental surfaces and wastewater across the veterinary hospital. The collection was done after the hospital’s cleaning. Bacteria were purified in the culture before being identified as species by biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Next, the antimicrobial-resistant profile was performed using an automated system (Vitek 2). Finally, the antimicrobial resistance genes were identified using PCR. Results: Fifteen colonies of S. pseudintermedius were isolated from the surfaces of eight floors, four tables, two chairs, and one rebreathing tube. Fourteen colonies (93.3%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and carried the blaZ gene (93.3%). The majority of colonies were resistant to benzylpenicillin (93.3%), cefovecin (93.3%), ceftiofur (93.3%), kanamycin (93.3%), and neomycin (93.3%). Notably, only four colonies (26.7%) were methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius, whereas 11 colonies (73.3%) were MRSP and carried both the mecA and blaZ genes. Five MRSP (45.5%) were resistant to at least 14 antimicrobial drugs, represented as extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria. Ten of eleven MRSP (90.9%) were Staphylococcal chromosomal mec type V, while another displayed untypeable. Despite the routine and extensive cleaning with detergent and disinfectant, MRSP isolates were still detectable. Conclusion: Many isolates of MRSP were found in this veterinary hospital. Almost all of them were MDR, and nearly half were XDR, posing a threat to animals and humans. In addition, the current hospital cleaning procedure proved ineffective. Future research should be conducted to determine the bacterial biofilm properties and bacterial sensitivity to certain detergents and disinfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punpichaya Fungwithaya
- Centre of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and other Microorganism, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Centre for One Health, Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Narin Sontigun
- Centre of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and other Microorganism; Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Centre for One Health, Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Worakan Boonhoh
- Centre for One Health, Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Kanpapat Boonchuay
- Centre for One Health, Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Tuempong Wongtawan
- Centre of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and other Microorganism, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Centre for One Health, Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Menezes MP, Borzi MM, Ruaro MA, Cardozo MV, Rabelo RC, Verbisck NV, Moraes PC. Multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from surgical site of dogs, surgeon's hands and operating room in a veterinary teaching hospital in Brazil. Top Companion Anim Med 2022;:100638. [PMID: 35101615 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2022.100638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Surgical environment can play as a source of multidrug-resistance organism, what can pose as a big threat to the patients and health care professionals. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Gram-positive cocci (GPC) and Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) isolated from the surgical environment. All samples were collected during the intraoperative period of clean/clean-contaminated (G1) and contaminated (G2) surgery. A total of 150 samples were collected from the superficial surgical site in the beginning (n=30) and the end (n=30) of the procedure, surgeon's hands before (n=30) and after (n=30) antisepsis, and the surgical environment (n=30). MALDI-TOF MS and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by disk diffusion method were performed for species identification, and determination of the resistance profile. Sixty-eight isolates of GPC and 15 of GNB were obtained. Staphylococcus spp. were the most frequent species isolated from surgical site (55.26% [21/38]), surgeon's hands (46.15% [6/13]), and environment (56.67% [17/30]). GPC were mostly resistance to penicillin (85.71% [54/63]), and erythromycin (77.78% [49/63]), and GNB were mostly resistance to cefazolin (58.33% [7/12]), and azithromycin (58.33% [7/12]). High incidence of multidrug resistance was observed in coagulase-negative staphylococci (86.21% [25/29]), coagulase-positive staphylococci (86.67% [13/15]), Enterococcus spp. (68.42% [13/19]) and Gram-negative bacilli (60% [9/15]). The high rate of resistance of commensal bacteria found in our study is worrying. Coagulase-negative staphylococci are community pathogens related to nosocomial infections in human and veterinary hospitals, their presence in healthy patients and in veterinary professionals represent an important source of infection in the one health context. Continuous surveillance and application of antimicrobial stewardship programs are essential in the fight against this threat.
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Key Words
- C1, Surgeon's hands before antisepsis
- C2, Surgeon's hands after antisepsis
- CoNS, Coagulase-negative Staphylococci
- CoPS, Coagulase-positive Staphylococci
- ESBL, Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases
- Enterococcus spp
- GNB, Gram-negative bacilli
- GPC, Gram-positive cocci
- MDR, Multiple drug resistance
- MRS, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
- SSS, Superficial surgical site
- antimicrobial resistance
- community pathogen
- enterobacteria
- methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
- surgical environment
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Curran K, Leeper H, O′Reilly K, Jacob J, Bermudez LE. An Analysis of the Infections and Determination of Empiric Antibiotic Therapy in Cats and Dogs with Cancer-Associated Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10060700. [PMID: 34208146 PMCID: PMC8230819 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10060700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients commonly develop infectious complications over the course of the disease. One thousand patients receiving treatment for an oncologic disease at a single veterinary teaching hospital were retrospectively reviewed for concurrent infections. A total of 153 confirmed bacterial infections were identified, 82 of which were abscesses or wounds, 13 of which were respiratory infections, 3 of which were ear infections, and 55 of which were urinary tract infections. It was observed that the majority of the infections were caused by bacteria that are normally associated with that specific site location. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen linked to infections in general, but Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was a frequently identified pathogen associated with wound infections. The susceptibility to diverse antimicrobials varied with the site of infection. Eleven cases (7.1%) were caused by opportunistic infections of the site, and E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the pathogens isolated. Those bacteria were resistant to many antibiotics but showed susceptibility to aminoglycosides, imipenem, quinolones, and polymyxin B. In conclusion, veterinary patients with cancer or those under treatment for tumors develop infections by commonly encountered bacteria in the different sites of the body, with a susceptibility to antibiotics that is not out of line from what is expected. A small subset of cases developed opportunistic infections, with microbes that were more resistant to many classes of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Curran
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Haley Leeper
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (K.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Kathy O′Reilly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
- Oregon Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Joelle Jacob
- Oregon Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Luiz E. Bermudez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
- Department of Microbiology, College of Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Correspondence:
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de Menezes MP, Facin AC, Cardozo MV, Costa MT, Moraes PC. Evaluation of the Resistance Profile of Bacteria Obtained From Infected Sites of Dogs in a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Brazil: A Retrospective Study. Top Companion Anim Med 2020; 42:100489. [PMID: 33144265 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2020.100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of bacterial species isolated from infected sites of canines. All samples were collected from canine patients who received clinical or surgical care at the veterinary teaching hospital between March 2016 and November 2017. The samples were analyzed in a private pathology laboratory. A descriptive analysis of 295 antimicrobial susceptibility test reports was performed. Staphylococcus spp. (104/295 [35.25%]), Escherichia coli (100/295 [33.90%]), Proteus spp. (44/295 [14.92%]), Pseudomonas spp. (25/295 [8.47%]), and Klebsiella spp. (20/295 [6.78%]) were more frequently isolated, and a high incidence of multidrug resistance was observed (69,83% [206/295]). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. accounted for 33% (33/100) of the Staphylococcus strains. Enterobacteriaceae cefotaxime resistance constituted 22.82 ± 4.49% and Enterobacteriaceae imipenem resistance constituted 5% (1/20) for Klebsiella spp., 5% (5/100) for E coli, and 6.82% (3/44) for Proteus spp. Pseudomonas spp. strains accounted for 8% (2/25) of imipenem resistance and 45.45% (10/22) of polymyxin B resistance. Our findings revealed a high rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria involvement in the infectious process of dogs. From the perspective of the One Health scenario, our results showed alarming data, given the high risk of resistant-strain dissemination between animals, owners, and healthcare professionals. There is an urgent need for strategies to control and prevent the evolution of new multidrug-resistant bacteria in veterinary hospitals. It is also crucial to understand and emphasize the role of veterinary professionals in this public health battle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareliza Possa de Menezes
- Departament of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP/FCAV), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Andréia Coutinho Facin
- Departament of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP/FCAV), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marita Vedovelli Cardozo
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP/FCAV), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirela Tinucci Costa
- Departament of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP/FCAV), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Paola Castro Moraes
- Departament of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP/FCAV), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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