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Ullah A, Jiao W, Shen B. The role of proinflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines (CXCL1-CXCL16) in the progression of prostate cancer: insights on their therapeutic management. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:73. [PMID: 38745115 PMCID: PMC11094955 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Reproductive cancers are malignancies that develop in the reproductive organs. One of the leading cancers affecting the male reproductive system on a global scale is prostate cancer (PCa). The negative consequences of PCa metastases endure and are severe, significantly affecting mortality and life quality for those who are affected. The association between inflammation and PCa has captured interest for a while. Inflammatory cells, cytokines, CXC chemokines, signaling pathways, and other elements make up the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is characterized by inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines are especially crucial for PCa development and prognosis. Cytokines (interleukins) and CXC chemokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-7, IL-17, TGF-β, TNF-α, CXCL1-CXCL6, and CXCL8-CXCL16 are thought to be responsible for the pleiotropic effects of PCa, which include inflammation, progression, angiogenesis, leukocyte infiltration in advanced PCa, and therapeutic resistance. The inflammatory cytokine and CXC chemokines systems are also promising candidates for PCa suppression and immunotherapy. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to provide insight on how the spectra of inflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines evolve as PCa develops and spreads. We also discussed recent developments in our awareness of the diverse molecular signaling pathways of these circulating cytokines and CXC chemokines, as well as their associated receptors, which may one day serve as PCa-targeted therapies. Moreover, the current status and potential of theranostic PCa therapies based on cytokines, CXC chemokines, and CXC receptors (CXCRs) are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Ullah
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Jiao
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Chaaban A, Salman Z, Karam L, Kobeissy PH, Ibrahim JN. Updates on the role of epigenetics in familial mediterranean fever (FMF). Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:90. [PMID: 38409042 PMCID: PMC10898143 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03098-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the MEFV (MEditerranean FeVer) gene that affects people originating from the Mediterranean Sea. The high variability in severity and clinical manifestations observed not only between ethnic groups but also between and within families is mainly related to MEFV allelic heterogeneity and to some modifying genes. In addition to the genetic factors underlying FMF, the environment plays a significant role in the development and manifestation of this disease through various epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs. Indeed, epigenetic events have been identified as an important pathophysiological determinant of FMF and co-factors shaping the clinical picture and outcome of the disease. Therefore, it is essential to better understand the contribution of epigenetic factors to autoinflammatory diseases, namely, FMF, to improve disease prognosis and potentially develop effective targeted therapies. In this review, we highlight the latest updates on the role of epigenetics in FMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Chaaban
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeina Salman
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Louna Karam
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Philippe Hussein Kobeissy
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - José-Noel Ibrahim
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon.
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Mezher N, Mroweh O, Karam L, Ibrahim JN, Kobeissy PH. Experimental models in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF): Insights into pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. Exp Mol Pathol 2024; 135:104883. [PMID: 38266955 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is a recurrent polyserositis characterized by self-limiting episodes or attacks of fever along with serosal inflammation. It mainly impacts people of the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern basin. FMF is a recessive autoinflammatory condition caused by mutation in the MEFV gene located on chromosome 16p13. MEFV mutations lead to the activation of the pyrin inflammasome resulting in an uncontrolled release of IL-1β. Various in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo experimental models have been developed to further comprehend the etiology and pathogenesis of FMF. These models have been proven to be clinically relevant to human FMF and can provide significant information about biological systems with respect to this condition. Additionally, these models have provided pertinent contributions to the development of potent therapeutic strategies against FMF. In this review, we describe the different experimental models utilized in FMF and we focus primarily on the most widely used models that have produced prominent insights into the pathophysiology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Mezher
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ola Mroweh
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Louna Karam
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - José-Noel Ibrahim
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Philippe Hussein Kobeissy
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University (LAU), Beirut, Lebanon.
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Rimondi E, Valencic E, Tommasini A, Secchiero P, Melloni E, Marcuzzi A. Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency and Squalene Synthase Inhibitor (TAK-475): The Balance to Extinguish the Inflammation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101438. [PMID: 34680069 PMCID: PMC8533390 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency (MKD) is a rare inborn disease belonging to the family of periodic fever syndromes. The MKD phenotype is characterized by systemic inflammation involving multiple organs, including the nervous system. Current anti-inflammatory approaches to MKD are only partially effective and do not act specifically on neural inflammation. According to the new emerging pharmacology trends, the repositioning of drugs from the indication for which they were originally intended to another one can make mechanistic-based medications easily available to treat rare diseases. According to this perspective, the squalene synthase inhibitor Lapaquistat (TAK-475), originally developed as a cholesterol-lowering drug, might find a new indication in MKD, by modulating the mevalonate cholesterol pathway, increasing the availability of anti-inflammatory isoprenoid intermediates. Using an in vitro model for MKD, we mimicked the blockade of the cholesterol pathway and evaluated the potential anti-inflammatory effect of Lapaquistat. The results obtained showed anti-inflammatory effects of Lapaquistat in association with a low blockade of the metabolic pathway, while this effect did not remain with a tighter blockade. On these bases, Lapaquistat could be configured as an effective treatment for MKD’s mild forms, in which the residual enzymatic activity is only reduced and not almost completely absent as in the severe forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Rimondi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.R.); (P.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.)
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erica Valencic
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Alberto Tommasini
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy;
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.R.); (P.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.)
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.R.); (P.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.)
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.R.); (P.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.)
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El Roz A, Ghssein G, Khalaf B, Fardoun T, Ibrahim JN. Spectrum of MEFV Variants and Genotypes among Clinically Diagnosed FMF Patients from Southern Lebanon. Med Sci (Basel) 2020; 8:medsci8030035. [PMID: 32824452 PMCID: PMC7563412 DOI: 10.3390/medsci8030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive auto-inflammatory disease characterized by pathogenic variants in the MEFV gene, with allele frequencies greatly varying between countries, populations and ethnic groups. Materials and methods: In order to analyze the spectrum of MEFV variants and genotypes among clinically diagnosed FMF patients from South Lebanon, data were collected from 332 participants and 23 MEFV variants were screened using a Real-Time PCR Kit. Results: The mean age at symptom onset was 17.31 ± 13.82 years. The most prevalent symptoms were abdominal pain, fever and myalgia. MEFV molecular analysis showed that 111 patients (63.79%) were heterozygous, 16 (9.20%) were homozygous, and 47 (27.01%) carried two variants or more. E148Q was the most encountered variant among heterozygous subjects. E148Q/M694V was the most frequent in the compound heterozygous/complex genotype group, while M694I was the most common among homozygous patients. Regarding allele frequencies, M694V was the most common variant (20.7%), followed by E148Q (17.1%), V726A (15.7%) and M694I (13.2%). Conclusion: The high percentage of heterozygous patients clinically diagnosed as FMF highlights the pseudo-dominant transmission of the disease in Lebanon and emphasizes the importance of molecular testing for a more accurate diagnosis and better management and treatment of FMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali El Roz
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese German University (LGU), Sahel Alma 25136, Lebanon; (A.E.R.); (G.G.); (B.K.)
| | - Ghassan Ghssein
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese German University (LGU), Sahel Alma 25136, Lebanon; (A.E.R.); (G.G.); (B.K.)
| | - Batoul Khalaf
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese German University (LGU), Sahel Alma 25136, Lebanon; (A.E.R.); (G.G.); (B.K.)
| | - Taher Fardoun
- Mashrek Medical Diagnostic Center, Tyre 62111, Lebanon;
| | - José-Noel Ibrahim
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese German University (LGU), Sahel Alma 25136, Lebanon; (A.E.R.); (G.G.); (B.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +961-70-68-31-79
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Kany S, Vollrath JT, Relja B. Cytokines in Inflammatory Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236008. [PMID: 31795299 PMCID: PMC6929211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 836] [Impact Index Per Article: 167.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to briefly discuss a short list of a broad variety of inflammatory cytokines. Numerous studies have implicated that inflammatory cytokines exert important effects with regard to various inflammatory diseases, yet the reports on their specific roles are not always consistent. They can be used as biomarkers to indicate or monitor disease or its progress, and also may serve as clinically applicable parameters for therapies. Yet, their precise role is not always clearly defined. Thus, in this review, we focus on the existing literature dealing with the biology of cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1, IL-33, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-10, and IL-8. We will briefly focus on the correlations and role of these inflammatory mediators in the genesis of inflammatory impacts (e.g., shock, trauma, immune dysregulation, osteoporosis, and/or critical illness).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinwan Kany
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Department of Cardiology with Emphasis on Electrophysiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Tilmann Vollrath
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-6721395
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Deshayes S, Fellahi S, Bastard JP, Launay JM, Callebert J, Fraisse T, Buob D, Boffa JJ, Giurgea I, Dupont C, Jegou S, Straube M, Karras A, Aouba A, Grateau G, Sokol H, Georgin-Lavialle S. Specific changes in faecal microbiota are associated with familial Mediterranean fever. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:1398-1404. [PMID: 31377728 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) can be complicated by AA amyloidosis (AAA), though it remains unclear why only some patients develop amyloidosis. We examined the gut microbiota composition and inflammatory markers in patients with FMF complicated or not by AAA. METHODS We analysed the gut microbiota of 34 patients with FMF without AAA, 7 patients with FMF with AAA, 19 patients with AAA of another origin, and 26 controls using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing with the Illumina MiSeq platform. Associations between bacterial taxa and clinical phenotypes were evaluated using multivariate association with linear models statistical method. Blood levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-α and adipokines were assessed by ELISA; indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Compared with healthy subjects, specific changes in faecal microbiota were observed in FMF and AAA groups. Several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were associated with FMF. Moreover, two OTUs were over-represented in FMF-related AAA compared with FMF without AAA. Additionally, higher adiponectin levels and IDO activity were observed in FMF-related AAA compared with FMF without AAA (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The presence of specific changes in faecal microbiota in FMF and in FMF-related AAA suggests that intestinal microorganisms may play a role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. These findings may offer an opportunity to use techniques for gut microbiota manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Deshayes
- Service de Médecine Interne, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, 14000 Caen, France.,Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et des amyloses inflammatoires (CEREMAIA), Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.,Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Soraya Fellahi
- UF Biomarqueurs Inflammatoires et Métaboliques, Service de Biochimie, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, IHU ICAN, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM UMRS 938, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Bastard
- UF Biomarqueurs Inflammatoires et Métaboliques, Service de Biochimie, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, IHU ICAN, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM UMRS 938, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marie Launay
- Service de Biochimie, INSERM UMR S942, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Callebert
- Service de Biochimie, INSERM UMR S942, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Thibault Fraisse
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et des amyloses inflammatoires (CEREMAIA), Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - David Buob
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Boffa
- INSERM 1155, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, F-75020 Paris, France
| | - Irina Giurgea
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Dupont
- INSERM équipe Lipodystrophies génétiques et acquises. Service de biologiede la reproduction-CECOS, Sorbonne Université, Saint Antoine Research Center, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, F-75020 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Jegou
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Marjolène Straube
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Karras
- Service de Néphrologie, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Achille Aouba
- Service de Médecine Interne, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Gilles Grateau
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et des amyloses inflammatoires (CEREMAIA), Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France .,MICALIS Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Service de Gastroentérologie, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Georgin-Lavialle
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et des amyloses inflammatoires (CEREMAIA), Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
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Marzouk H, Farag Y, El-Hanafi HM, Ibrahim E. Serum IL 4 and its gene polymorphism (rs79071878) in Egyptian children with familial Mediterranean fever. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37:3397-3403. [PMID: 30014360 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory disorder. It is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene encoding the pyrin protein, which regulates the innate inflammatory response. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between serum Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and its gene polymorphism, namely rs79071878, and FMF occurrence, severity, and response to treatment in Egyptian children harboring the disease. Fifty Egyptian children diagnosed as having FMF were included in this study. They were divided equally into two groups according to disease activity. Forty controls, age- and gender-matched, were also included. Serum IL-4 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IL-4 rs79071878 polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. There was no significant difference in genotype distribution of IL-4 gene rs79071878 between patients and controls (p = 0.286) and had no correlation with FMF severity or response to colchicine therapy. Serum IL-4 level had no significant difference between children with FMF attack and those in attack-free period compared to controls (p = 0. 794) and had no correlation with any of demographic, or clinical characteristics, disease severity, or response to colchicine therapy. Serum IL-4 level and its gene polymorphism were not found to have any increase risk of FMF occurrence, disease severity, or response to treatment in the Egyptian children. Further studies are needed to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Marzouk
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Rheumatology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Yomna Farag
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Rheumatology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hadeel M El-Hanafi
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman Ibrahim
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Rheumatology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Reduced NLRP3 Gene Expression Limits the IL-1 β Cleavage via Inflammasome in Monocytes from Severely Injured Trauma Patients. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:1752836. [PMID: 29861655 PMCID: PMC5971319 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1752836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Traumatic injury or severe surgery leads to a profound immune response with a diminished functionality of monocytes and subsequently their IL-1β release. IL-1β plays an important role in host immunity and protection against infections. Its biological activation via IL-1β-precursor processing requires the transcription of inflammasome components and their activation. Deregulated activity of NOD-like receptor inflammasomes (NLR) like NLRP3 that leads to the maturation of IL-1β has been described in various diseases. While the role of other inflammasomes has been studied in monocytes, nothing is known about NLRP3 inflammasome after a traumatic injury. Here, the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in impaired monocyte functionality after a traumatic injury was analyzed. Measurements and Main Results Ex vivo-in vitro stimulation of isolated CD14+ monocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed a significantly higher IL-1β secretion in healthy volunteers (HV) compared to trauma patients (TP) after admission. Reduced IL-1β secretion was paralleled by significantly lowered gene expression of NLRP3 in monocytes from TP compared to those of HV. Transfection of monocytes with NLRP3-encoding plasmid recovered the functionality of monocytes from TP regarding the IL-1β secretion. Conclusions This study demonstrates that CD14+ monocytes from TP are significantly diminished in their function and that the presence of NLRP3 components is necessary in recovering the ability of monocytes to produce active IL-1β. This recovery of the NLRP3 inflammasome in monocytes may imply a new target for treatment and therapy of immune suppression after severe injury.
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