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Chen Y, Li Y, Li PT, Luo ZH, Zhang ZP, Wang YL, Zou PF. Novel Findings in Teleost TRAF4, a Protein Acts as an Enhancer in TRIF and TRAF6 Mediated Antiviral and Inflammatory Signaling. Front Immunol 2022; 13:944528. [PMID: 35898509 PMCID: PMC9310645 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.944528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) are important adaptor molecules that play important roles in host immune regulation and inflammatory responses. Compared to other members of TRAFs, the function of TRAF4 in vertebrate immunity remains unclear, especially in teleosts. In the present study, TRAF4 ortholog was cloned and identified in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), named as Lc-TRAF4. The open reading frame (ORF) of Lc-TRAF4 is 1,413 bp and encodes a protein of 470 amino acids (aa), which is consisted of a RING finger domain, two zinc finger domains, and a MATH domain. The genome organization of Lc-TRAF4 is conserved in teleosts, amphibians, birds, and mammals, with 7 exons and 6 introns. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that Lc-TRAF4 was broadly distributed in various organs/tissues of healthy large yellow croakers and could be significantly up-regulated in the gill, intestine, spleen, head kidney, and blood under poly I:C, LPS, PGN, and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida stimulations. Notably, luciferase assays showed that overexpression of Lc-TRAF4 could significantly induce the activation of IRF3, IRF7, and type I IFN promoters, with the RING finger and zinc finger domains function importantly in such promoter activation. Confocal microscopy revealed that Lc-TRAF4 is located in the cytoplasm, whereas the deletion of the RING finger, zinc finger or MATH domain showed little effect on the subcellular localization of Lc-TRAF4. Interestingly, Lc-TRAF4 overexpression could significantly enhance Lc-TRIF and Lc-TRAF6 medicated IRF3 and IRF7 promoter activation. In addition, co-expression of Lc-TRAF4 with Lc-TRIF or Lc-TRAF6 could significantly induce the expression of antiviral and inflammation-related genes, including IRF3, IRF7, ISG15, ISG56, Mx, RSAD2, TNF-α, and IL-1β compared to the only overexpression of Lc-TRAF4, Lc-TRIF or Lc-TRAF6. These results collectively imply that Lc-TRAF4 functions as an enhancer in Lc-TRIF and Lc-TRAF6 mediated antiviral and inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ornamental Aquarium Engineering Research Centre in University of Fujian Province, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health, Tan Kah Kee College, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Peng Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ornamental Aquarium Engineering Research Centre in University of Fujian Province, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zi Hao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ornamental Aquarium Engineering Research Centre in University of Fujian Province, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zi Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, China
- College of Marine Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ornamental Aquarium Engineering Research Centre in University of Fujian Province, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Lei Wang, ; Peng Fei Zou,
| | - Peng Fei Zou
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ornamental Aquarium Engineering Research Centre in University of Fujian Province, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Lei Wang, ; Peng Fei Zou,
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Zheng W, Chang R, Luo Q, Liu G, Xu T. The long noncoding RNA MIR122HG is a precursor for miR-122-5p and negatively regulates the TAK1-induced innate immune response in teleost fish. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101773. [PMID: 35218771 PMCID: PMC8935508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a diverse subset of RNA species of noncoding transcripts that are usually longer than 200 nt. However, the biological role and function of many lncRNAs have not been fully identified. It has been shown that one potential function of lncRNAs is to act as a precursor miRNA and promote the production of multiple miRNAs. However, the function of the miiuy croaker lncRNA MIR122HG has not been explored. In the present study, we show that this differentially expressed teleost fish lncRNA can act as the host gene of miR-122-5p, regulate its expression, and indirectly regulate the expression of potential inflammatory target protein transforming growth factor-β–activated kinase 1. We show that MIR122HG can negatively regulate the transforming growth factor-β–activated kinase 1–triggered NF-κB and interferon regulatory factor 3 signaling pathways and subsequently attenuate the innate immune response. In addition, MIR122HG can promote the replication of Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus and exacerbate the pathological effects caused by viral infection. We conclude that the study of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction through bioinformatics analysis or experimental-supported analysis can provide information for further elucidation of the functions of fish lncRNAs in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Renjie Chang
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Guiliang Liu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, 201306, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, 201306, China.
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Liu R, Liu X, Song M, Qi Y, Li H, Yang G, Shan S. Cyprinus carpio TRIF Participates in the Innate Immune Response by Inducing NF-κB and IFN Activation and Promoting Apoptosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:725150. [PMID: 34504499 PMCID: PMC8421551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.725150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
TRIF, an important adaptor downstream of Toll-like receptor signaling, plays a critical role in the innate immune response. In this study, the full-length coding sequence of TRIF from common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) was cloned and characterized. Bioinformatics analysis showed that common carp TRIF exhibited a conserved TIR domain and had the closest relationship with grass carp TRIF. Expression analysis revealed that TRIF was constitutively expressed in the examined tissues of common carp, with the highest expression in the spleen and the lowest expression in the head kidney, and could be upregulated under Aeromonas hydrophila and poly(I:C) stimulation in vivo and under poly(I:C), LPS, PGN, flagellin, and Pam3CSK4 stimulation in vitro. Laser confocal microscopy showed that common carp TRIF colocalized with the Golgi apparatus. A luciferase reporter assay showed that carp TRIF elicited the activity of ifn-1 and nf-κb through the C-terminal domain. Additionally, crystal violet staining and qPCR assays revealed that carp TRIF inhibited the replication of SVCV in epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells. Then, the signaling downstream of carp TRIF was investigated. Coimmunoprecipitation and Western blotting analysis demonstrated that carp TRIF interacted with TBK1 and augmented the expression of TRAF6 and phosphorylation of TBK1. Overexpression of carp TRIF significantly enhanced the expression of interferon-stimulated genes and inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, flow cytometric (FCM) analysis suggested that carp TRIF induced apoptosis through the activation of caspase-8. In summary, our study indicated that TRIF plays an essential role in the innate immune responses of common carp against bacterial and viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoye Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Meijiao Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shijuan Shan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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