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Luo L, Luo JZ, Song XX, Wang CY, Tang DM, Sun WT, Fan CW, Li MS, Wang HS. Alkaloids from Corydalis saxicola and their antiproliferative activity against cancer cells. Fitoterapia 2024; 173:105791. [PMID: 38159614 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Eight undescribed alkaloids named corydalisine D-K (1-7), including one isoquinoline benzopyranone alkaloid (1), one benzocyclopentanone alkaloid (2), four benzofuranone alkaloids (3, 4, and 5a/5b) and two protoberberine alkaloids (6 and 7), along with fourteen known ones, were isolated from the Corydalis saxicola. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were unambiguously identified using spectroscopic techniques, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electron circular dichroism calculation. Compounds 2, 14 and 21 exhibit antiproliferative activity against five cancer cell lines. The aporphine alkaloid demethylsonodione (compound 14), which exhibited the best activity (IC50 = 3.68 ± 0.25 μM), was subjected to further investigation to determine its mechanism of action against the T24 cell line. The molecular mechanism was related to the arrest of cell cycle S-phase, inhibition of CDK2 expression, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of cell apoptosis, inhibition of cell migration, and activation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway. The results indicated that 14 could be used as a potential candidate agent for further development of anti-bladder transitional cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Zi Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China; Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Xi-Xi Song
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yi Wang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Wen Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
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Aher S, Zhu J, Bhagat P, Borse L, Liu X. Pt(IV) Complexes in the Search for Novel Platinum Prodrugs with Promising Activity. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:6. [PMID: 38400859 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The kinetically inert, six coordinated, octahedral Pt(IV) complexes are termed dual-, triple-, or multi-action prodrugs based on the nature of the axially substituted ligands. These ligands are either inert or biologically active, where the nature of these axial ligands provides additional stability, synergistic biological activity or cell-targeting ability. There are many literature reports from each of these classes, mentioning the varied nature of these axial ligands. The ligands comprise drug molecules such as chlorambucil, doxorubicin, valproic acid, ethacrynic acid, biologically active chalcone, coumarin, combretastatin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and many more, potentiating the anti-proliferative profile or reducing the side effects associated with cisplatin therapy. The targeting and non-targeting nature of these moieties exert additive or synergistic effects on the anti-cancer activity of Pt(II) moieties. Herein, we discuss the effects of these axially oriented ligands and the changes in the non-leaving am(m)ine groups and in the leaving groups on the biological activity. In this review, we have presented the latest developments in the field of Pt(IV) complexes that display promising activity with a reduced resistance profile. We have discussed the structure activity relationship (SAR) and the effects of the ligands on the biological activity of Pt(IV) complexes with cisplatin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin and the Pt core other than approved drugs. This literature work will help researchers to get an idea about Pt(IV) complexes that have been classified based on the aspects of their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sainath Aher
- K. K. Wagh College of Pharmacy, Nashik, Maharashtra, 422003, India
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Zhu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Pundlik Bhagat
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Laxmikant Borse
- Sandip Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nashik, Maharashtra, 422213, India
| | - Xiuhua Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China.
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Liang CJ, Wu RC, Huang XQ, Qin QP, Liang H, Tan MX. Synthesis and anticancer mechanisms of four novel platinum(II) 4'-substituted-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2143-2152. [PMID: 38189098 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03197g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Mitophagy, a selective autophagic process, has emerged as a pathway involved in degrading dysfunctional mitochondria. Herein, new platinum(II)-based chemotherapeutics with mitophagy-targeting properties are proposed. Four novel binuclear anticancer Pt(II) complexes with 4'-substituted-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine derivatives (tpy1-tpy4), i.e., [Pt2(tpy1)(DMSO)2Cl4]·CH3OH (tpy1Pt), [Pt(tpy2)Cl][Pt(DMSO)Cl3]·CH3COCH3 (tpy2Pt), [Pt(tpy3)Cl][Pt(DMSO)Cl3] (tpy3Pt), and [Pt(tpy4)Cl]Cl·CH3OH (tpy4Pt), were designed and prepared. Moreover, their potential antitumor mechanism was studied. Tpy1Pt-tpy4Pt exhibited more selective cytotoxicity against cisplatin-resistant SK-OV-3/DDP (SKO3cisR) cancer cells compared with those against ovarian SK-OV-3 (SKO3) cancer cells and normal HL-7702 liver (H702) cells. This selective cytotoxicity of Tpy1Pt-tpy4Pt was better than that of its ligands (i.e., tpy1-tpy4), the clinical drug cisplatin, and cis-Pt(DMSO)2Cl2. The results of various experiments indicated that tpy1Pt and tpy2Pt kill SKO3cisR cancer cells via a mitophagy pathway, which involves the disruption of the mitophagy-related protein expression, dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, elevation of the [Ca2+] and reactive oxygen species levels, promotion of mitochondrial DNA damage, and reduction in the adenosine triphosphate and mitochondrial respiratory chain levels. Furthermore, in vivo experiments indicated that the dinuclear anticancer Pt(II) coordination compound (tpy1Pt) has remarkable therapeutic efficiency (ca. 52.4%) and almost no toxicity. Therefore, the new 4'-substituted-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine Pt(II) coordination compound (tpy1Pt) is a potential candidate for next-generation mitophagy-targeting dinuclear Pt(II)-based anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jie Liang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China.
| | - Run-Chun Wu
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Qiong Huang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China.
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China.
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Ming-Xiong Tan
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China.
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Deng Z, Chen S, Liu G, Zhu G. Unlocking the potential of platinum drugs: organelle-targeted small-molecule platinum complexes for improved anticancer performance. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:1003-1013. [PMID: 38033725 PMCID: PMC10685827 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00087g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based drugs have revolutionized cancer chemotherapy; however, their therapeutic efficacy has been limited by severe side effects and drug resistance. Recently, approaches that target specific organelles in cancer cells have emerged as attractive alternatives to overcome these challenges. Many studies have validated these strategies and highlighted that organelle-targeted platinum complexes demonstrate increased anticancer activity, the ability to overcome drug resistance, novel molecular mechanisms, or even lower toxicity. This review provides a brief summary of various organelle-targeting strategies that promote the accumulation of platinum complexes in certain intracellular areas, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and lysosomes. Moreover, the mechanisms through which these strategies improve anticancer performance, overcome drug resistance, and alter the action mode of conventional platinum drugs are discussed. By providing an extensive account of platinum complexes targeting different organelles, this review aims to assist researchers in understanding the design principles, identifying potential targets, and fostering innovative ideas for the development of platinum complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Deng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 P. R. China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China
| | - Gongyuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China
| | - Guangyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China
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Chen Y, Ke Z, Yuan L, Liang M, Zhang S. Hydrazylpyridine salicylaldehyde-copper(II)-1,10-phenanthroline complexes as potential anticancer agents: synthesis, characterization and anticancer evaluation. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12318-12331. [PMID: 37591821 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01750h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized and analyzed nine unique copper(II) hydrazylpyridine salicylaldehyde and 1,10-phenanthroline complexes, [Cu(L1a)(phen)] (Cugdupt1), [Cu(L2a)(phen)]·(CH3CN) (Cugdupt2), [Cu(L3a)(phen)] (Cugdupt3), [Cu(L4a)(phen)]·(CH3CN) (Cugdupt4), [Cu(L5a)(phen)] (Cugdupt5), [Cu(L6a)(phen)] (Cugdupt6), [Cu(L7a)(phen)] (Cugdupt7) [Cu(L8a)(phen)] (Cugdupt8) and [Cu(L9a)(phen)]·0.5(H2O) (Cugdupt9). We were motivated by the intriguing properties of the coupled ligands of hydrazylpyridine, salicylaldehyde, and 1,10-phenanthroline. The MTT assay demonstrated that Cugdupt1-Cugdupt9 have higher anticancer activity than L1H2-L9H2, phen and cisplatin on A549/DDP cancer cells (A549cis). Cugdupt1-Cugdupt9 were superior to cisplatin with IC50 values of 1.6-100.0 fold on A549cis cells (IC50(Cugdupt1-Cugdupt9) = 0.5-30.5 μM, IC50(cisplatin) = 61.5 ± 1.0 μM). However, Cugdupt1-Cugdupt9 had lower cytotoxicity toward the HL-7702 normal cells. Cugdupt1 and Cugdupt8 can induce reduction of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I/IV (MRCC-I/IV), mitophagy pathways, and eventually protein regulation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion in A549cis cells. The findings indicated that Cugdupt1 and Cugdupt8 caused cell death via both ATP diminution and mitophagy pathways. Finally, Cugdupt8 demonstrated high efficacy and no obvious cytotoxicity in A549 tumor-bearing mice. This study thus helps evaluate the potential of the hydrazylpyridine salicylaldehyde-copper(II)-1,10-phenanthroline compounds for cisplatin-resistant tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, P. R. China
| | - Zhilin Ke
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, P. R. China
| | - Lingyu Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Meixiang Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Shuhua Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, P. R. China
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