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Kiran NS, Yashaswini C, Chatterjee A. Zebrafish: A trending model for gut-brain axis investigation. Aquat Toxicol 2024; 270:106902. [PMID: 38537435 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has ascended as a pivotal model organism in the realm of gut-brain axis research, principally owing to its high-throughput experimental capabilities and evolutionary alignment with mammals. The inherent transparency of zebrafish embryos facilitates unprecedented real-time imaging, affording unparalleled insights into the intricate dynamics of bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. Noteworthy are the structural and functional parallels shared between the zebrafish and mammalian gut-brain axis components, rendering zebrafish an invaluable model for probing the molecular and cellular intricacies inherent in this critical physiological interaction. Recent investigations in zebrafish have systematically explored the impact of gut microbiota on neurodevelopment, behaviour, and disease susceptibility, underscoring the model's prowess in unravelling the multifaceted influence of microbial communities in shaping gut-brain interactions. Leveraging the genetic manipulability inherent in zebrafish, researchers have embarked on targeted explorations of specific pathways and molecular mechanisms, providing nuanced insights into the fundamental functioning of the gut-brain axis. This comprehensive review synthesizes pivotal findings and methodological advancements derived from zebrafish-based gut-brain axis research, accentuating the model's potential to significantly advance our understanding of this complex interplay. Furthermore, it underscores the translational significance of these insights, offering promising avenues for the identification of therapeutic targets in neuro-gastroenterological disorders and psychiatric conditions intricately linked with gut-brain interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelakanta Sarvashiva Kiran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandrashekar Yashaswini
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Ankita Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, Karnataka, India.
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Li Z, Li M, Li D, Chen Y, Feng W, Zhao T, Yang L, Mao G, Wu X. A review of cumulative toxic effects of environmental endocrine disruptors on the zebrafish immune system: Characterization methods, toxic effects and mechanisms. Environ Res 2024; 246:118010. [PMID: 38157964 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), are a type of exogenous organic pollutants, are ubiquitous in natural aquatic environments. Currently, in addition to neurological, endocrine, developmental and reproductive toxicity, ecotoxicology studies on immunotoxicity are receiving increasing attention. In this review, the composition of immune system of zebrafish, the common indicators of immunotoxicity, the immunotoxicity of EDCs and their molecular mechanism were summarized. We reviewed the immunotoxicity of EDCs on zebrafish mainly in terms of immune organs, immunocytes, immune molecules and immune functions, meanwhile, the possible molecular mechanisms driving these effects were elucidated in terms of endocrine disruption, dysregulation of signaling pathways, and oxidative damage. Hopefully, this review will provide a reference for further investigation of the immunotoxicity of EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixu Li
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Muge Li
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Guanghua Mao
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Gu J, Guo L, Hu J, Ji G, Yin D. Potential adverse outcome pathway (AOP) of emamectin benzoate mediated cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio). Sci Total Environ 2023; 900:165787. [PMID: 37499828 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is an efficient insecticide which widely used as an anthelmintic drug additive in aquaculture fish. However, its extensive use has resulted in widespread pollution in the aquatic environment. Previous studies have identified the potential developmental and neurotoxic effects of EMB, however, systematic studies pertaining to the cardiovascular toxic effects of EMB on fish are scarce. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to EMB at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L for 3 days, aiming to investigate the cardiovascular toxic effects of EMB via examining morphology, cardiac function, and vascular development phenotypes. It revealed that EMB exposure led to marked deteriorated effects, including adverse effects on mortality, hatching rate, and general morphological traits, such as malformation, heart rate, body length, and eye area, in zebrafish embryos/larvae. Furthermore, EMB exposure resulted in abnormal cardiac function and vascular development, triggering neutrophil migration and aggregation toward the pericardial and dorsal vascular regions, and finalized apoptosis in the zebrafish heart region, these phenomena were further deciperred by the transcriptome analysis that the Toll-like receptor pathway, P53 pathway, and apoptotic pathway were significantly affected by EMB exposure. Moreover, the molecular docking and aspirin anti-inflammatory rescue assays indicated that TLR2 and TLR4 might be the potential targets of EMB. Taken together, our study provides preliminary evidence that EMB may induce apoptosis by affecting inflammatory signaling pathways and eventually lead to abnormal cardiovascular development in zebrafish. This study provides a simple toxicological AOP framework for safe pesticide use and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Liguo Guo
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jun Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Guixiang Ji
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Daqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Li D, Zhang K, Xu C, Jiang Y, Shan J, Zhang Z, Cai J. Cypermethrin induces apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation via ERS-ROS-NF-κB axis in hepatocytes of carp (Cyprinus carpio). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 196:105625. [PMID: 37945258 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CYP, IUPAC name: [cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate) is a pyrethroid insecticide that poses a threat to the health of humans and aquatic animals due to its widespread use and environmental contamination. However, the mechanism of CYP on apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation in hepatocytes of carp (Cyprinus carpio) is unknown. We hypothesized that CYP caused damage to hepatocytes through the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway, CCK-8 was used to detect the toxic effects of different doses of CYP on hepatocytes, and finally low (L, 10 μM), medium (M, 40 μM), and high (H, 80 μM) doses of CYP was selected to construct the model. ROS staining, oxidative stress-related indices (MDA, CAT, T-AOC, SOD), AO/EB staining, MDC staining, and the expression levels of related genes were detected using qRT-PCR and western blot. Our results showed that CYP exposure resulted in an increase in ROS production, an increase in MDA content, and a decrease in the activity of CAT, SOD, and T-AOC in hepatocytes; the proportion of apoptotic, necrotic, and autophagic cells increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. We also found that CYP exposure increased the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum-related genes (GRP78, PERK, IRE-1, ATF-6 and CHOP), apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9 and Cyt-c) and autophagy-related genes (LC3b, Beclin1 and P62) also showed dose-dependent changes, and the expression levels of inflammation-related genes (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) were also significantly elevated. Thus, we demonstrated that CYP exposure caused apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation in hepatocytes via ERS-ROS-NF-κB axis. This research contributes to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CYP-induced damage in hepatocytes of carp (Cyprinus carpio).
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chenchen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yangyang Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jianhua Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, PR China.
| | - Jingzeng Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, PR China.
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