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Feng S, Peng X, Song Y, Liu P, Song W, Mao X, Qian X, Salman Khan M. Development of continuous V-shaped structure for high heat flux components of flat-type divertor. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2023.101419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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Mouralova K, Bednar J, Benes L, Prokes T, Zahradnicek R, Fries J. Mathematical Models for Machining Optimization of Ampcoloy 35 with Different Thicknesses Using WEDM to Improve the Surface Properties of Mold Parts. Materials (Basel) 2022; 16:100. [PMID: 36614437 PMCID: PMC9821618 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is an unconventional machining technology that can be used to machine materials with minimum electrical conductivity. The technology is often employed in the automotive industry, as it makes it possible to produce mold parts of complex shapes. Copper alloys are commonly used as electrodes for their high thermal conductivity. The subject of this study was creating mathematical models for the machining optimization of Ampcoloy 35 with different thicknesses (ranging from 5 to 160 mm with a step of 5 mm) using WEDM to improve the surface properties of the mold parts. The Box-Behnken type experiment was used with a total of 448 samples produced. The following machining parameters were altered over the course of the experiment: the pulse on and off time, discharge current, and material thickness. The cutting speed was measured, and the topography of the machined surfaces in the center and at the margins of the samples was analyzed. The morphology and subsurface layer were also studied. What makes this study unique is the large number of the tested thicknesses, ranging from 5 to 160 mm with a step of 5 mm. The contribution of this study to the automotive industry and plastic injection mold production is, therefore, significant. The regression models for the cutting speed and surface topography allow for efficient defect-free machining of Ampcoloy 35 of 5-160 mm thicknesses, both on the surface and in the subsurface layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Mouralova
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Bednar
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Benes
- Faculty of Production Technologies and Management, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Prokes
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Zahradnicek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Fries
- Department of Machine and Industrial Design, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Huang YJ, Nakajima M, Kurotaki H, Nozawa T. The effect of dissolved oxygen and dissolved hydrogen on corrosion behavior of CuCrZr alloy in high temperature water. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2022.101190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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Cabibbo M, Fava A, Montanari R, Pakhomova E, Paoletti C, Richetta M, Varone A. Grain Orientation and Hardness in the Graded Interlayer of Plasma Sprayed W on CuCrZr. Applied Sciences 2022; 12:1822. [DOI: 10.3390/app12041822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work a W coating was deposited through PS in Ar-H2 atmosphere on a substrate of CuCrZr with an interlayer consisting of gradually changing fractions of Cu and W. The W coating and the interlayer showed good adhesion and no cracks were observed. The hardness of W and Cu along the interlayer was determined by nano-indentation tests and the results showed that a hardness gradient does exist in both the metals. Microstructural examinations suggest that the hardness gradient depends on the texture, which exhibits significant differences along the interlayer: multiplication and movement of dislocations, and localized plasticity under the indenting tip are strongly affected by grain orientation.
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Sousa VFC, Castanheira J, Silva FJG, Fecheira JS, Pinto G, Baptista A. Wear Behavior of Uncoated and Coated Tools in Milling Operations of AMPCO (Cu-Be) Alloy. Applied Sciences 2021; 11:7762. [DOI: 10.3390/app11167762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Copper-Beryllium alloys have excellent wear resistance and high mechanical properties, they also possess good electrical and thermal conductivity, making these alloys very popular in a wide variety of industries, such as aerospace, in the fabrication of tools for hazardous environments and to produce injection molds and mold inserts. However, there are some problems in the processing of these alloys, particularly when these are subject to machining processes, causing tools to deteriorate quite rapidly, due to material adhesion to the tool’s surface, caused by the material’s ductile nature. An assessment of tool-wear after machining Cu-Be alloy AMPCOLOY 83 using coated and uncoated tools was performed, offering a comparison of the machining performance and wear behavior of solid-carbide uncoated and DLC/CrN multilayered coated end-mills with the same geometry. Multiple machining tests were conducted, varying the values for feed and cutting length. In the initial tests, cutting force values were registered. The material’s surface roughness was also evaluated and the cutting tools’ edges were subsequently analyzed, identifying the main wear mechanisms and how these developed during machining. The coated tools exhibited a better performance for shorter cutting lengths, producing a lower degree of roughness on the surface on the machined material. The wear registered for these tools was less intense than that of uncoated tools, which suffered more adhesive and abrasive damage. However, it was observed that, for greater cutting lengths, the uncoated tool performed better in terms of surface roughness and sustained wear.
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Patel H, Panda N, Kanoongo N, Balasubramanian K, Singh MJ, Chakraborty A. Manufacturing Technologies for Ultra-High-Vacuum–Compatible 10 MW/m 2 High Heat Flux Components for Application in Fusion Devices. Fusion Science and Technology 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2021.1898856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Patel
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - Nirmal Panda
- Nonferrous Materials Technology Development Centre, Kanchan Bagh, Hyderabad 500058, India
| | - Nitin Kanoongo
- Nonferrous Materials Technology Development Centre, Kanchan Bagh, Hyderabad 500058, India
| | - K. Balasubramanian
- Nonferrous Materials Technology Development Centre, Kanchan Bagh, Hyderabad 500058, India
| | - M. J. Singh
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - Arun Chakraborty
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382428, India
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Qian X, Peng X, Song Y, Huang J, Wei Y, Liu P, Mao X, Zhang J, Wang L. Dynamic constitutive relationship of CuCrZr alloy based on Johnson-Cook model. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2020.100768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Alhazaa A, Haneklaus N. Diffusion Bonding and Transient Liquid Phase (TLP) Bonding of Type 304 and 316 Austenitic Stainless Steel—A Review of Similar and Dissimilar Material Joints. Metals 2020; 10:613. [DOI: 10.3390/met10050613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Similar and dissimilar material joints of AISI grade 304 (1.4301) and AISI grade 316 (1.4401) austenitic stainless steel by solid state diffusion bonding and transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding are of interest to academia and industry alike. Appropriate bonding parameters (bonding temperature, bonding time, and bonding pressure) as well as suitable surface treatments, bonding atmosphere (usually high vacuum or protective gas) and interlayers are paramount for successful bonding. The three main parameters (temperature, time, and pressure) are interconnected in a strong non-linear way making experimental data important. This work reviews the three main parameters used for solid state diffusion bonding, TLP bonding and to a smaller degree hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of AISI grade 304 and AISI grade 316 austenitic stainless steel to the aforementioned materials (similar joints) as well as other materials, namely commercially pure titanium, Ti-6A-4V, copper, zircaloy and other non-ferrous metals and ceramic materials (dissimilar joints).
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Mouralova K, Benes L, Prokes T, Bednar J, Zahradnicek R, Jankovych R, Fries J, Vontor J. Analysis of the Machinability of Copper Alloy Ampcoloy by WEDM. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E893. [PMID: 32079249 DOI: 10.3390/ma13040893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The unconventional technology of wire electrical discharge machining is widely used in all areas of industry. For this reason, there is always an effort for efficient machining at the lowest possible cost. For this purpose, the following comprehensive study has been carried out to optimize the machining of the copper alloy Ampcoloy 35, which is particularly useful in plastic injection moulds. Within the study, a half-factor experiment of 25-1 with 10 axial points and seven central points of a total of 33 rounds was carried out, which was focused on the response monitoring of the input factors in the form of the machine parameters setup: gap voltage, pulse on time, pulse off time, discharge current, and wire speed. Based on the study of the response in the form of cutting speed and surface topography, their statistical models were created, while the optimal setting of machine parameters was determined to maximize the cutting speed and minimize the topography parameters. Further, a detailed cross-sectional analysis of surface and subsurface layer morphology was performed using electron microscopy including chemical composition analysis. In order to study microstructural changes in the material at the atomic level, a lamella was created, which was then studied using a transmission electron microscope.
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Premjit Singh K, Khirwadkar S, Patel N, Mokaria P, Bhope K, Belsare S, Menon V, Deepu K, Mehta M, Tripathi S, Patel A, Swamy R, Patel T, Galodiya K. Development of tungsten armored high heat flux plasma facing components for ITER like divertor application. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.03.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jaypuria S, Meher J, Kanigalpula P, Pratihar D. Electron beam butt welding of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy plates: Experimental investigations, studies on metallurgical and mechanical properties. Fusion Engineering and Design 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sun Y, He D, Xue F, Lai R. Effect of Tool Rotational Speeds on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Dissimilar Friction-Stir-Welded CuCrZr/CuNiCrSi Butt Joint. Metals 2018; 8:526. [DOI: 10.3390/met8070526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gaudio P, Montanari R, Pakhomova E, Richetta M, Varone A. W-1% La2O3 Submitted to a Single Laser Pulse: Effect of Particles on Heat Transfer and Surface Morphology. Metals 2018; 8:389. [DOI: 10.3390/met8060389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sun Y, He D, Xue F, Lai R, He G. Microstructure and Mechanical Characterization of a Dissimilar Friction-Stir-Welded CuCrZr/CuNiCrSi Butt Joint. Metals 2018; 8:325. [DOI: 10.3390/met8050325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hillairet J, Chen Z, Lombard G, Delaplanche J, Vulliez K, Yang Q, Beaumont B, Calarco F, Charabot N, Kazarian F, Lamalle P, Bernard J, Bruno V, Hatchressian J, Laloo R, Mollard P, Song Y, Turq V, Volpe R. Radiofrequency and mechanical tests of silver coated CuCrZr contacts for the ITER ion cyclotron antenna. Fusion Engineering and Design 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Montanari R, Pakhomova E, Pizzoferrato R, Richetta M, Varone A. Laser Pulse Effects on Plasma-Sprayed and Bulk Tungsten. Metals 2017; 7:454. [DOI: 10.3390/met7110454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lipa M, Schlosser J, Escourbiac F. Development of Actively Cooled Plasma-Facing Components for Tore Supra. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst09-a9171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Lipa
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - J. Schlosser
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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Rotti C, Panda N, Patel H, Kanoongo N, Chakraborty A, Balasubramanian K. Establishing ITER-Grade Properties in CuCrZr: The Indian Experience. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Rotti
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, A-29, GIDC Electronic Estate, Sector 25, Gandhinagar-382025, Gujarat, India
| | - N. Panda
- Non-Ferrous Materials Technology Development Centre (NFTDC), Kanchan bagh, Hyderabad-500058, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - H. Patel
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, A-29, GIDC Electronic Estate, Sector 25, Gandhinagar-382025, Gujarat, India
| | - N. Kanoongo
- Non-Ferrous Materials Technology Development Centre (NFTDC), Kanchan bagh, Hyderabad-500058, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A. Chakraborty
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, A-29, GIDC Electronic Estate, Sector 25, Gandhinagar-382025, Gujarat, India
| | - K. Balasubramanian
- Non-Ferrous Materials Technology Development Centre (NFTDC), Kanchan bagh, Hyderabad-500058, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Li P, Shen W, Wang S, Zhou C, Xu S. Thermal-Structural Analysis of Water-Cooled Plasma-Facing Mockups with Diamond/Copper Composite Interlayer. Fusion Science and Technology 2014. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weiping Shen
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuming Wang
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chulei Zhou
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shiliang Xu
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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Olsson Robbie MB, Hamilton N, Wood J, Galloway A, Milnes J, Katramados I. Observations on the post-mortem investigation of electron beam welds and other micro-structural features of JET Hypervapotrons. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011; 86:2394-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Song Y, Peng X, Xie H, Liu X, Bao L, Zhou Z, Cao L, Xu T, Ji X, Peng Y, Zhu N, Zhang P, Wu J, Wang S, Wang X, Hu J, Xie C, Chen J, Luo G, Yao D, Gao D, Gong X, Fu P, Li J. Plasma facing components of EAST. Fusion Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Miskiewicz M, You JH. Impact of plastic softening of over-aged CuCrZr alloy heat sink tube on the structural reliability of a plasma-facing component. Fusion Engineering and Design 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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