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Krahn AD, Tfelt-Hansen J, Tadros R, Steinberg C, Semsarian C, Han HC. Latent Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2022; 8:806-821. [PMID: 35738861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inherited arrhythmia syndromes are a common cause of apparently unexplained cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death. These include long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome, with a well-recognized phenotype in most patients with sufficiently severe disease to lead to cardiac arrest. Less common and typically less apparent conditions that may not be readily evident include catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, short QT syndrome and early repolarization syndrome. In cardiac arrest patients whose extensive testing does not reveal an underlying etiology, a diagnosis of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation or short-coupled ventricular fibrillation is assigned. This review summarizes our current understanding of the less common inherited arrhythmia syndromes and provides clinicians with a practical approach to diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Krahn
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Heart Rhythm Services, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Jacob Tfelt-Hansen
- The Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rafik Tadros
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Steinberg
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ-UL), Laval University, Inherited Arrhythmia Services, Départment of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Québec, Canada
| | - Christopher Semsarian
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hui-Chen Han
- Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Heart Rhythm Services, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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