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Xu DL, Zhang XM, Tian XY, Wang XJ, Zhao L, Gao MY, Li LF, Zhao JQ, Cao WC, Ding SJ. Changes in Cytokine Levels in Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:211-222. [PMID: 38229692 PMCID: PMC10790589 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s444398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To characterize the cytokine profile of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in relation to disease severity. Patients and Methods 60 laboratory-confirmed SFTS patients and 12 healthy individuals from multi-centers in Shandong Province of China were included, and all patients were divided into fatal patients (9) and recovered patients (51) due to their final outcomes. Multiplex-microbead immunoassays were conducted to estimate levels of 27 cytokines in the sera of patients and controls. Results The results showed that levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-15, IL-1RA, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, basic FGF, PDGF-BB, RANTES, IP-10, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MCP-1, and Eotaxin differed significantly among the SFTS fatal patients, recovered patients, and the healthy controls (all p<0.05). Compared to the healthy controls, the fatal patients and recovered patients had reduced levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, PDGF-BB, RANTES, and Eotaxin, while the levels of PDGF-BB and RANTES were significantly lower in fatal patients compared to recovered patients. The increasing levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, IL-1RA, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, basic FGF, IP-10, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and MCP-1 were observed in fatal patients (all p<0.05), and the levels of IL-6, IP-10, MIP-1α, and MCP-1 were significantly higher than other two groups. The Spearman correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between platelet count and PDGF-BB levels (p<0.05), while the white blood cell count had a negative correlation with MIP-1 level (p<0.05). Conclusion The research exhibited that the SFTS virus (SFTSV) caused an atypical manifestation of cytokines. The levels of IL-6, IP-10, MIP-1α, and MCP-1 had been observed a positive association with the severity of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Li Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ying Tian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian-Jun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Ying Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian-Feng Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Qi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wu-Chun Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jun Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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Wu YX, Yang X, Leng Y, Li JC, Yuan L, Wang Z, Fan XJ, Yuan C, Liu W, Li H. Human-to-human transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus through potential ocular exposure to infectious blood. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 123:80-3. [PMID: 35987469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging infectious disease with high mortality, was first reported in 2009 in China and subsequently endemic to South Korea, Japan, Vietnam, and Myanmar. This disease is transmitted predominantly by tick bites and potentially human-to-human. Personal protective equipments (PPEs) have been recommended to prevent SFTS human-to-human transmission, whereas the specific use of PPEs and the effect on viral transmission have rarely been reported. This report identified a family cluster of six patients with SFTS virus (SFTSV) infection. All five secondary patients had been wearing gloves and masks when exposed to the blood of the index patient, but none of them wore goggles or face shields for eye protection. Ocular route was suggested as a highly possible mode for SFTSV transmission through epidemiological, serological, and phylogenetic analysis. Eye protection should be stressed for clinicians when exposed to blood or bloody secretions.
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