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Mulugeta B, Ortiz R, Geleta M, Hailesilassie T, Hammenhag C, Hailu F, Tesfaye K. Harnessing genome-wide genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium in Ethiopian durum wheat gene pool. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1192356. [PMID: 37546270 PMCID: PMC10400094 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1192356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Yanyang Liu, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (HNAAS), China; Landraces are an important genetic source for transferring valuable novel genes and alleles required to enhance genetic variation. Therefore, information on the gene pool's genetic diversity and population structure is essential for the conservation and sustainable use of durum wheat genetic resources. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess genetic diversity, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium, as well as to identify regions with selection signature. Five hundred (500) individuals representing 46 landraces, along with 28 cultivars were evaluated using the Illumina Infinium 25K wheat SNP array, resulting in 8,178 SNPs for further analysis. Gene diversity (GD) and the polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.13-0.50 and 0.12-0.38, with mean GD and PIC values of 0.34 and 0.27, respectively. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) revealed 353,600 pairs of significant SNPs at a cut-off (r2 > 0.20, P < 0.01), with an average r2 of 0.21 for marker pairs. The nucleotide diversity (π) and Tajima's D (TD) per chromosome for the populations ranged from 0.29-0.36 and 3.46-5.06, respectively, with genome level, mean π values of 0.33 and TD values of 4.43. Genomic scan using the Fst outlier test revealed 85 loci under selection signatures, with 65 loci under balancing selection and 17 under directional selection. Putative candidate genes co-localized with regions exhibiting strong selection signatures were associated with grain yield, plant height, host plant resistance to pathogens, heading date, grain quality, and phenolic content. The Bayesian Model (STRUCTURE) and distance-based (principal coordinate analysis, PCoA, and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean, UPGMA) methods grouped the genotypes into five subpopulations, where landraces from geographically non-adjoining environments were clustered in the same cluster. This research provides further insights into population structure and genetic relationships in a diverse set of durum wheat germplasm, which could be further used in wheat breeding programs to address production challenges sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behailu Mulugeta
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
- Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Rodomiro Ortiz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Mulatu Geleta
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | | | - Cecilia Hammenhag
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Faris Hailu
- Bio and Emerging Technology Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Tesfaye
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Shahidi F, Danielski R, Rhein SO, Meisel LA, Fuentes J, Speisky H, Schwember AR, de Camargo AC. Wheat and Rice beyond Phenolic Acids: Genetics, Identification Database, Antioxidant Properties, and Potential Health Effects. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3283. [PMID: 36501323 PMCID: PMC9739071 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wheat and rice play a vital role in human nutrition and food security. A better understanding of the potential health benefits associated with consuming these cereals, combined with studies by plant scientists and food chemists to view the entire food value chain from the field, pre and post-harvest processing, and subsequent "fork" consumption, may provide the necessary tools to optimize wheat and rice production towards the goal of better human health improvement and food security, providing tools to better adapt to the challenges associated with climate change. Since the available literature usually focuses on only one food chain segment, this narrative review was designed to address the identities and concentration of phenolics of these cereal crops from a farm-to-fork perspective. Wheat and rice genetics, phenolic databases, antioxidant properties, and potential health effects are summarized. These cereals contain much more than phenolic acids, having significant concentrations of flavonoids (including anthocyanins) and proanthocyanidins in a cultivar-dependent manner. Their potential health benefits in vitro have been extensively studied. According to a number of in vivo studies, consumption of whole wheat, wheat bran, whole rice, and rice bran may be strategies to improve health. Likewise, anthocyanin-rich cultivars have shown to be very promising as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Renan Danielski
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Samantha Ottani Rhein
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Lee A. Meisel
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Jocelyn Fuentes
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Hernan Speisky
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Andrés R. Schwember
- Departament of Plant Sciences, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
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Esposito S, Taranto F, Vitale P, Ficco DBM, Colecchia SA, Stevanato P, De Vita P. Unlocking the molecular basis of wheat straw composition and morphological traits through multi-locus GWAS. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:519. [PMID: 36344939 PMCID: PMC9641881 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03900-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid reductions in emissions from fossil fuel burning are needed to curb global climate change. Biofuel production from crop residues can contribute to reducing the energy crisis and environmental deterioration. Wheat is a renewable source for biofuels owing to the low cost and high availability of its residues. Thus, identifying candidate genes controlling these traits is pivotal for efficient biofuel production. Here, six multi-locus genome-wide association (ML-GWAS) models were applied using 185 tetraploid wheat accessions to detect quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) for fifteen traits associated with biomass composition. RESULTS Among the 470 QTNs, only 72 identified by at least two models were considered as reliable. Among these latter, 16 also showed a significant effect on the corresponding trait (p.value < 0.05). Candidate genes survey carried out within 4 Mb flanking the QTNs, revealed putative biological functions associated with lipid transfer and metabolism, cell wall modifications, cell cycle, and photosynthesis. Four genes encoded as Cellulose Synthase (CeSa), Anaphase promoting complex (APC/C), Glucoronoxylan 4-O Methyltransferase (GXM) and HYPONASTIC LEAVES1 (HYL1) might be responsible for an increase in cellulose, and natural and acid detergent fiber (NDF and ADF) content in tetraploid wheat. In addition, the SNP marker RFL_Contig3228_2154 associated with the variation in stem solidness (Q.Scsb-3B) was validated through two molecular methods (High resolution melting; HRM and RNase H2-dependent PCR; rhAMP). CONCLUSIONS The study provides new insights into the genetic basis of biomass composition traits on tetraploid wheat. The application of six ML-GWAS models on a panel of diverse wheat genotypes represents an efficient approach to dissect complex traits with low heritability such as wheat straw composition. The discovery of genes/genomic regions associated with biomass production and straw quality parameters is expected to accelerate the development of high-yielding wheat varieties useful for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Esposito
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Taranto
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, (CNR-IBBR), 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Vitale
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Donatella Bianca Maria Ficco
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Antonio Colecchia
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Legnaro Italy
| | - Pasquale De Vita
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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Liu S, Wang C, Gou J, Dong Y, Tian W, Fu L, Xiao Y, Luo X, He Z, Xia X, Cao S. Genome-wide association study of ferulic acid content using 90K and 660K SNP chips in wheat. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liu H, Huang C, Li Q, Wang M, Xiao S, Shi J, He Y, Wen W, Li L, Xu D. Genome-Wide Identification of Genes Related to Biosynthesis of Phenolic Acid Derivatives in Bletilla striata at Different Suspension Culture Stages. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:875404. [PMID: 35783981 PMCID: PMC9247868 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.875404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To screen the genes regulating the biosynthesis of phenolic acid derivatives from the genome of Bletilla striata, we designed a suspension culture system to sample the cells for the following experiments. The contents of four phenolic acid derivatives were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and several full-length transcriptome sequencings of RNA samples at 10 time points were performed for bioinformatics analysis. The correlation analysis was used to identify and verify the key DEGs involved in the biosynthesis of the four phenolic acid derivatives. The results showed that the contents of p-hydroxybenzylalcohol (HBA), Dactylorhin A, Militarine, and Coelonin peaked at 33 days postinoculation (Dpi), 18 Dpi, 39 Dpi, and 39 Dpi of the culture system, respectively. Based on transcriptome data, 80 DEGs involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acid derivatives were obtained. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis classified them mostly into five metabolic pathways: phenylpropane biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolic, cyanoamino acid metabolism, gluconeogenesis and glycolysis, and phenylalanine metabolism. qPCR analysis revealed that the relative gene expression levels were consistent with the overall trend of transcriptome sequencing results. Among them, 14, 18, 23, and 41 unigenes were found to be involved in the synthesis of HBA, Dactylorhin A, Coelonin, and Militarine, respectively. These unigenes laid a solid foundation for elucidating the biosynthesis mechanism of phenolic acid derivatives in suspension cells of B. striata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houbo Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ceyin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mufei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shiji Xiao
- School of Pharmacy Chemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junhua Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yihuai He
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Weie Wen
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Delin Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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6
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Bassolino L, Petroni K, Polito A, Marinelli A, Azzini E, Ferrari M, Ficco DBM, Mazzucotelli E, Tondelli A, Fricano A, Paris R, García-Robles I, Rausell C, Real MD, Pozzi CM, Mandolino G, Habyarimana E, Cattivelli L. Does Plant Breeding for Antioxidant-Rich Foods Have an Impact on Human Health? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:794. [PMID: 35453479 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the general beneficial effects of antioxidants-rich foods on human health and disease prevention, there is a continuous interest in plant secondary metabolites conferring attractive colors to fruits and grains and responsible, together with others, for nutraceutical properties. Cereals and Solanaceae are important components of the human diet, thus, they are the main targets for functional food development by exploitation of genetic resources and metabolic engineering. In this review, we focus on the impact of antioxidants-rich cereal and Solanaceae derived foods on human health by analyzing natural biodiversity and biotechnological strategies aiming at increasing the antioxidant level of grains and fruits, the impact of agronomic practices and food processing on antioxidant properties combined with a focus on the current state of pre-clinical and clinical studies. Despite the strong evidence in in vitro and animal studies supporting the beneficial effects of antioxidants-rich diets in preventing diseases, clinical studies are still not sufficient to prove the impact of antioxidant rich cereal and Solanaceae derived foods on human
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Ma D, Xu B, Feng J, Hu H, Tang J, Yin G, Xie Y, Wang C. Dynamic Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analyses for Characterization of Phenolic Compounds and Their Biosynthetic Characteristics in Wheat Grain. Front Nutr 2022; 9:844337. [PMID: 35252312 PMCID: PMC8888538 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.844337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are important bioactive phytochemicals with potential health benefits. In this study, integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis was used to analyze the metabolites and differentially expressed genes in grains of two wheat cultivars (HPm512 with high antioxidant activity, and ZM22 with low antioxidant activity) during grain development. A total of 188 differentially expressed phenolic components, including 82 phenolic acids, 81 flavonoids, 10 lignans, and 15 other phenolics, were identified in the developing wheat grains, of which apigenin glycosides were identified as the primary flavonoid component. The relative abundance of identified phenolics showed a decreasing trend with grain development. Additionally, 51 differentially expressed phenolic components were identified between HPm512 and ZM22, of which 41 components, including 23 flavonoids, were up-regulated in HPm512. In developing grain, most of the identified differentially expressed genes involved in phenolic accumulation followed a similar trend. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis revealed that certain genes encoding structural proteins, glycosyltransferase, and transcription factors were closely related to metabolite accumulation. The relatively higher accumulation of phenolics in HPm512 could be due to up-regulated structural and regulatory genes. A sketch map was drawn to depict the synthetic pathway of identified phenolics and their corresponding genes. This study enhanced the current understanding of the accumulation of phenolics in wheat grains. Besides, active components and their related genes were also identified, providing crucial information for the improvement of wheat's nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Ma
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dongyun Ma
| | - Beiming Xu
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianchao Feng
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haizhou Hu
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Tang
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guihong Yin
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Xie
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Technology Innovation Center of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Chenyang Wang
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Cai Z, Wang C, Chen C, Zou L, Yin S, Liu S, Yuan J, Wu N, Liu X. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals variations of bioactive constituents in Lonicera japonica flowers under salt stress. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 173:87-96. [PMID: 35114506 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lonicera japonica flowers (LJF) is a traditional Chinese medicine packed with phenols constituents and widely used in the treatments of various diseases throughout the world. However, there is still very little known on how LJF identifies and resists salt stress. Here in, we systematically investigated the effect of salt on the phenotypic, metabolite, and transcriptomic in LJF. During long term stress (35 days), 1055 differential expression genes (DEGs) involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites were screened through transcriptome analysis, among which the candidate genes and pathways involved in phenols biosynthesis were highlighted; and performed by phylogenetic tree analysis and multiple nucleotide sequence alignment. Ninety compounds were identified and their relative levels were compared between the control and stressed groups based on the LC-MS analysis, Putative biosynthesis networks of phenolic acid and flavonoid were con-structed with structural DEGs. Strikingly, the expression patterns of structural DEGs were mostly consistent with the variations of phenols under salt stress. Notably, the upregulation of UDP-glycosyl transferases under salt stress indicated post-modification of glycosyl transferases may participate in downstream flavonoids synthesis. This study reveals the relationships of the gene regulation and the phenols biosynthesis in LJF under salt stress, paving the way for the use of gene-specific expression to improve the yield of biocomponent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichen Cai
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Cuihua Chen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lisi Zou
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shengxin Yin
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shengjin Liu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jiahuan Yuan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xunhong Liu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Ma D, Wang C, Feng J, Xu B. Wheat grain phenolics: a review on composition, bioactivity, and influencing factors. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:6167-6185. [PMID: 34312865 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a widely cultivated crop and one of the most commonly consumed food grains in the world. It possesses several nutritional elements. Increasing attention to wheat grain phenolics bioactivity is due to the increasing demand for foods with natural antioxidants. To provide a comprehensive understanding of phenolics in wheat grain, this review first summarizes the phenolics' form and distribution and the phenolic components identified in wheat grain. In particular, the biosynthesis path for phenolics is discussed, identifying some candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acids and flavonoids. After discussing the methods for determining antioxidant activity, the effect of genotypes, environmental conditions, and cultivation systems on grain phenolic component content are explored. Finally, the bioavailability of phenolics under different food processing method are reported and discussed. Future research is recommended to increase wheat grain phenolic content by genetic engineering, and to improve its bioavailability through proper food processing. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Ma
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianchao Feng
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beiming Xu
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang C, Chen L, Cai Z, Chen C, Liu Z, Liu S, Zou L, Tan M, Chen J, Liu X, Mei Y, Wei L, Liang J, Chen J. Metabolite Profiling and Transcriptome Analysis Explains Difference in Accumulation of Bioactive Constituents in Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza uralensis) Under Salt Stress. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:727882. [PMID: 34691107 PMCID: PMC8529186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.727882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress significantly affects the contents of bioactive constituents in licorice Glycyrrhiza uralensis. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the difference in the accumulation of these constituents under sodium chloride (NaCl, salt) stress, licorice seedlings were treated with NaCl and then subjected to an integrated transcriptomic and metabolite profiling analysis. The transcriptomic analysis results identified 3,664 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including transcription factor family MYB and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH). Most DEGs were involved in flavonoid and terpenoid biosynthesis pathways. In addition, 121 compounds including a triterpenoid and five classes of flavonoids (isoflavone, flavone, flavanone, isoflavan, and chalcone) were identified, and their relative levels were compared between the stressed and control groups using data from the ultrafast liquid chromatography (UFLC)-triple quadrupole-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry (TOF-MS/MS) analysis. Putative biosynthesis networks of the flavonoids and triterpenoids were created and combined with structural DEGs such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase [4CL], cinnamate 4-hydroxylase [C4H], chalcone synthase [CHS], chalcone-flavanone isomerase [CHI], and flavonoid-3',5' hydroxylase (F3',5'H) for flavonoids, and CYP88D6 and CYP72A154 for glycyrrhizin biosynthesis. Notably, significant upregulation of UDP-glycosyltransferase genes (UGT) in salt-stressed licorice indicated that postmodification of glycosyltransferase may participate in downstream biosynthesis of flavonoid glycosides and triterpenoid saponins. Accordingly, the expression trend of the DEGs is positively correlated with the accumulation of glycosides. Our study findings indicate that key DEGs and crucial UGT genes co-regulate flavonoid and saponin biosynthesis in licorice under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhichen Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuihua Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixiu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengjin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lisi Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengxia Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xunhong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqi Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lifang Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Jine Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
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Laddomada B, Blanco A, Mita G, D'Amico L, Singh RP, Ammar K, Crossa J, Guzmán C. Drought and Heat Stress Impacts on Phenolic Acids Accumulation in Durum Wheat Cultivars. Foods 2021; 10:2142. [PMID: 34574252 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Droughts and high temperatures are the main abiotic constraints hampering durum wheat production. This study investigated the accumulation of phenolic acids (PAs) in the wholemeal flour of six durum wheat cultivars under drought and heat stress. Phenolic acids were extracted from wholemeals and analysed through HPLC-DAD analysis. Ferulic acid was the most represented PA, varying from 390.1 to 785.6 µg/g dry matter across all cultivars and growth conditions, followed by sinapic acids, p-coumaric, vanillic, syringic, and p-hydroxybenzoic acids. Among the cultivars, Cirno had the highest PAs content, especially under severe drought conditions. Heat stress enhanced the accumulation of minor individual PAs, whereas severe drought increased ferulic acid and total PAs. Broad-sense heritability was low (0.23) for p-coumaric acid but ≥0.69 for all other components. Positive correlations occurred between PA content and grain morphology and between test weight and grain yield. Durum wheat genotypes with good yields and high accumulation of PAs across different growing conditions could be significant for durum wheat resilience and health-promoting value.
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Wang C, Chen L, Cai ZC, Chen C, Liu Z, Liu X, Zou L, Chen J, Tan M, Wei L, Mei Y. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Accumulation Difference of Bioactive Constituents in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch under Salt Stress. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:1480-1493. [PMID: 31899641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) possesses a substantial share of the global markets for its unique sweet flavor and diverse pharmacological compounds. Cultivated licorice is widely distributed in northwest regions of China, covered with land with a broad range of salinities. A preliminary study indicated that suitable salt stress significantly increased the content of bioactive constituents in licorice. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of salinity on the accumulation of these constituents remain unclear, which hinders quality breeding of cultivated licorice. In our study, flavonoid-related structural genes were obtained, and most of them, such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyases, cinnamate 4-hydroxylases, 4-coumarate: CoA ligases, chalcone synthases, chalcone-flavanone isomerase, and flavonol synthase, showed high levels after salt treatment. In the biosynthesis of glycyrrhizin, three key enzymes (bAS, CYP88D6, and CYP72A154) were identified as differentially expressed proteins and remarkably upregulated in the salt-stressed group. Combining these results with the contents of 14 bioactive constituents, we also found that the expression patterns of those structural proteins were logically consistent with changes in bioactive constituent profiles. Thus, we believe that suitable salt stress increased the accumulation of bioactive constituents in licorice by upregulating proteins involved in the related biosynthesis pathways. This work provided valuable proteomic information for unraveling the molecular mechanism of flavonoid and glycyrrhizin metabolism and offered fundamental resources for quality breeding in licorice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Wang
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Lihong Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Zhi Chen Cai
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Cuihua Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Zixiu Liu
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Xunhong Liu
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization , Nanjing 210023 , China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Lisi Zou
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Jiali Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Mengxia Tan
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Lifang Wei
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Yuqi Mei
- College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel T. Alzuwaid
- School of Science and Technology University of New England Armidale NSW Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries Tamworth Agricultural Institute Tamworth NSW Australia
- University of Dhi‐Qar Nasiriyah Iraq
| | - Mike Sissons
- NSW Department of Primary Industries Tamworth Agricultural Institute Tamworth NSW Australia
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Myers JR, Wallace LT, Mafi Moghaddam S, Kleintop AE, Echeverria D, Thompson HJ, Brick MA, Lee R, McClean PE. Improving the Health Benefits of Snap Bean: Genome-Wide Association Studies of Total Phenolic Content. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2509. [PMID: 31635241 PMCID: PMC6835575 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Snap beans are a significant source of micronutrients in the human diet. Among the micronutrients present in snap beans are phenolic compounds with known beneficial effects on human health, potentially via their metabolism by the gut-associated microbiome. The genetic pathways leading to the production of phenolics in snap bean pods remain uncertain. In this study, we quantified the level of total phenolic content (TPC) in the Bean Coordinated Agriculture Program (CAP) snap bean diversity panel of 149 accessions. The panel was characterized spectrophotometrically for phenolic content with a Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assay. Flower, seed and pod color were also quantified, as red, purple, yellow and brown colors are associated with anthocyanins and flavonols in common bean. Genotyping was performed through an Illumina Infinium Genechip BARCBEAN6K_3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) analysis identified 11 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTN) associated with TPC. An SNP was identified for TPC on Pv07 located near the P gene, which is a major switch in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Candidate genes were identified for seven of the 11 TPC QTN. Five regulatory genes were identified and represent novel sources of variation for exploitation in developing snap beans with higher phenolic levels for greater health benefits to the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Myers
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Lyle T Wallace
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Samira Mafi Moghaddam
- Plant Resilience Institute, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Adrienne E Kleintop
- Department of Plant Science, Delaware Valley University, Doylestown, PA 18901, USA.
| | - Dimas Echeverria
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Henry J Thompson
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Mark A Brick
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Rian Lee
- Department of Plant Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
| | - Phillip E McClean
- Department of Plant Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
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de Camargo AC, Favero BT, Morzelle MC, Franchin M, Alvarez-Parrilla E, de la Rosa LA, Geraldi MV, Maróstica Júnior MR, Shahidi F, Schwember AR. Is Chickpea a Potential Substitute for Soybean? Phenolic Bioactives and Potential Health Benefits. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2644. [PMID: 31146372 PMCID: PMC6600242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Legume seeds are rich sources of protein, fiber, and minerals. In addition, their phenolic compounds as secondary metabolites render health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Lowering apolipoprotein B secretion from HepG2 cells and decreasing the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol oxidation are mechanisms related to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Likewise, low-level chronic inflammation and related disorders of the immune system are clinical predictors of cardiovascular pathology. Furthermore, DNA-damage signaling and repair are crucial pathways to the etiology of human cancers. Along CVD and cancer, the prevalence of obesity and diabetes is constantly increasing. Screening the ability of polyphenols in inactivating digestive enzymes is a good option in pre-clinical studies. In addition, in vivo studies support the role of polyphenols in the prevention and/or management of diabetes and obesity. Soybean, a well-recognized source of phenolic isoflavones, exerts health benefits by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation related to the above-mentioned chronic ailments. Similar to soybeans, chickpeas are good sources of nutrients and phenolic compounds, especially isoflavones. This review summarizes the potential of chickpea as a substitute for soybean in terms of health beneficial outcomes. Therefore, this contribution may guide the industry in manufacturing functional foods and/or ingredients by using an undervalued feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Costa de Camargo
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306-22, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Bruno Trevenzoli Favero
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark.
| | - Maressa Caldeira Morzelle
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Fernando Correa Avenue, P.O. box 2367, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Franchin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Emilio Alvarez-Parrilla
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del Pronaf y Estocolmo, s/n, Cd, Juárez, Chihuahua 32310, México.
| | - Laura A de la Rosa
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del Pronaf y Estocolmo, s/n, Cd, Juárez, Chihuahua 32310, México.
| | - Marina Vilar Geraldi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil.
| | | | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
| | - Andrés R Schwember
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306-22, Santiago, Chile.
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Nigro D, Gadaleta A, Mangini G, Colasuonno P, Marcotuli I, Giancaspro A, Giove SL, Simeone R, Blanco A. Candidate genes and genome-wide association study of grain protein content and protein deviation in durum wheat. Planta 2019; 249:1157-1175. [PMID: 30603787 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-03075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Stable QTL for grain protein content co-migrating with nitrogen-related genes have been identified by the candidate genes and genome-wide association mapping approaches useful for marker-assisted selection. Grain protein content (GPC) is one of the most important quality traits in wheat, defining the nutritional and end-use properties and rheological characteristics. Over the years, a number of breeding programs have been developed aimed to improving GPC, most of them having been prevented by the negative correlation with grain yield. To overcome this issue, a collection of durum wheat germplasm was evaluated for both GPC and grain protein deviation (GPD) in seven field trials. Fourteen candidate genes involved in several processes related to nitrogen metabolism were precisely located on two high-density consensus maps of common and durum wheat, and six of them were found to be highly associated with both traits. The wheat collection was genotyped using the 90 K iSelect array, and 11 stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GPC were detected in at least three environments and the mean across environments by the genome-wide association mapping. Interestingly, seven QTL were co-migrating with N-related candidate genes. Four QTL were found to be significantly associated to increases of GPD, indicating that selecting for GPC could not affect final grain yield per spike. The combined approaches of candidate genes and genome-wide association mapping led to a better understanding of the genetic relationships between grain storage proteins and grain yield per spike, and provided useful information for marker-assisted selection programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Nigro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Gadaleta
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Research Unit of "Genetics and Plant Biotechnology", University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - G Mangini
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - P Colasuonno
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Research Unit of "Genetics and Plant Biotechnology", University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - I Marcotuli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Research Unit of "Genetics and Plant Biotechnology", University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Giancaspro
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Research Unit of "Genetics and Plant Biotechnology", University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - S L Giove
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Research Unit of "Genetics and Plant Biotechnology", University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - R Simeone
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Blanco
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Zhang C, Yao X, Ren H, Chang J, Wang K. RNA-Seq Reveals Flavonoid Biosynthesis-Related Genes in Pecan ( Carya illinoinensis) Kernels. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:148-158. [PMID: 30563335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Pecan ( Carya illinoinensis) is an important tree nut throughout the world. The high concentration of flavonoid in its kernels makes it an excellent food with health benefits. However, the molecular basis of flavonoid biosynthesis in pecan remains unclear, which hinders quality breeding in this plant. Therefore, in order to find the crucial genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, the changes in flavonoid profiles and the transcriptomes of pecan kernels at four developmental stages (late water, gel, dough, and mature stages) were analyzed. As a result, the highest levels of total phenolic, condensed tannin, and flavan-3-ols were observed at the "late water stage". Catechin was the most abundant flavan-3-ol at different development stages. In total, 64 773 unigenes were obtained, and 46 924 (72.44%) unigenes were annotated. After differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, 12 750 unique DEGs were identified. Flavonoid-related DEGs of 36 structural genes and eight MYBs were obtained. The structural gene set contained three PALs, three CHSs, two CHIs, one F3H, two F3'Hs, two F3'5'Hs, one DFR, one ANS, two LARs, and two ANRs. The expression patterns of most of the structural genes were consistent with the changes in flavonoid profiles during kernel development. We believe that this RNA-Seq data set will provide valuable resources for unraveling the molecular mechanism of flavonoid metabolism in pecan and will significantly promote genetic studies and quality breeding in this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcai Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , Fuyang District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province 311400 , China
| | - Xiaohua Yao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , Fuyang District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province 311400 , China
| | - Huadong Ren
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , Fuyang District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province 311400 , China
| | - Jun Chang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , Fuyang District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province 311400 , China
| | - Kailiang Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry , Chinese Academy of Forestry , Fuyang District, Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province 311400 , China
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Boukid F, Dall’Asta M, Bresciani L, Mena P, Del Rio D, Calani L, Sayar R, Seo YW, Yacoubi I, Mejri M. Phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of landraces, old and modern Tunisian durum wheat. Eur Food Res Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-018-3141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Nigro D, Fortunato S, Giove S, Mangini G, Yacoubi I, Simeone R, Blanco A, Gadaleta A. Allelic Variants of Glutamine Synthetase and Glutamate Synthase Genes in a Collection of Durum Wheat and Association with Grain Protein Content. Diversity 2017; 9:52. [DOI: 10.3390/d9040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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