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Majumder N, Banerjee A, Saha S. A review on new natural and synthetic anti-leishmanial chemotherapeutic agents and current perspective of treatment approaches. Acta Trop 2023; 240:106846. [PMID: 36720335 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniases are considered among the most neglected yet dangerous parasitic diseases worldwide. According to the recent WHO report (Weekly Epidemiological Record, Sep, 2021), 200 countries and territories reported leishmanises cases in 2020; of which 89 (45%) for CL, and 79 (40%) for VL were endemic. Indian subcontinent (India, Bangladesh and Nepal), one of the three eco-epidemiological hotspots of VL, currently reported 18% of the total cases of VL worldwide. Eastern Mediterranean region and the Region of the Americas together reported >90% of the new CL cases, of which >80% were from Afghanistan, Algeria, Brazil, Colombia, Iraq, Pakistan and the Syrian Arab Republic. While considering the current therapeutic options, conventional anti-leishmanial drugs have long been proved to be toxic and/or expensive and have resulted in extensive drug resistance in India. Recent searches for novel anti-leishmanial drugs have led to find out the prime cellular targets and metabolic pathways to bridge the gap between the known facts and unexplored data. Cutting edge knowledge based drug designing has simplified the search for novel molecules with leishmanicidal efficacy by identifying ligand-receptor interactions and has accelerated the cost effective primary discovery of molecules through computational validation against Leishmaniases. This review focuses on the limitations of conventional drugs, and discusses the chemotherapeutic potential of many novel natural and synthetic anti-leishmanial agents reported since the last decade. It is also interpreted that some of the reported molecules might be tested singly or as a part of combinatorial therapy on pre-clinical and clinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Majumder
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235 West Bengal, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Zoology, Bangabasi College, 19 Rajkumar Chakraborty Sarani, Kolkata, 700009 West Bengal, India
| | - Samiran Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235 West Bengal, India.
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Junaid M, Basak B, Akter Y, Afrose SS, Nahrin A, Emran R, Shahinozzaman M, Tawata S. Sakuranetin and its therapeutic potentials - a comprehensive review. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:27-48. [PMID: 35844107 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2022-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sakuranetin (SKN), a naturally derived 7-O-methylated flavonoid, was first identified in the bark of the cherry tree (Prunus spp.) as an aglycone of sakuranin and then purified from the bark of Prunus puddum. It was later reported in many other plants including Artemisia campestris, Boesenbergia pandurata, Baccharis spp., Betula spp., Juglans spp., and Rhus spp. In plants, it functions as a phytoalexin synthesized from its precursor naringenin and is the only known phenolic phytoalexin in rice, which is released in response to different abiotic and biotic stresses such as UV-irradiation, jasmonic acid, cupric chloride, L-methionine, and the phytotoxin coronatine. Till date, SKN has been widely reported for its diverse pharmacological benefits including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimycobacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal, glucose uptake stimulation, neuroprotective, antimelanogenic, and antitumor properties. Its pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties have been poorly understood, thus warranting further evaluation together with exploring other pharmacological properties such as antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and antinociceptive effects. Besides, in vivo studies or clinical investigations can be done for proving its effects as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, antimelanogenic, and antitumor agent. This review summarizes all the reported investigations with SKN for its health-beneficial roles and can be used as a guideline for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Junaid
- Natural Products Research Division, Advanced Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Data Science Laboratory, Bangladesh, Chattogram, 4226, Bangladesh
| | - Bristy Basak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin Akter
- Natural Products Research Division, Advanced Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Data Science Laboratory, Bangladesh, Chattogram, 4226, Bangladesh.,Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science & Technology University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Syeda Samira Afrose
- Natural Products Research Division, Advanced Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Data Science Laboratory, Bangladesh, Chattogram, 4226, Bangladesh
| | - Afsana Nahrin
- Natural Products Research Division, Advanced Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Data Science Laboratory, Bangladesh, Chattogram, 4226, Bangladesh.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rashiduzzaman Emran
- Bioscience and Bioinformatics Research Center (BBRC), 5/2, Shehora, Dhaka Road, Mymensingh, 2200, Bangladesh.,Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahinozzaman
- The Red-Green Research Centre, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh.,PAK Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Wang M, Mao Y, Wang B, Wang S, Lu H, Ying L, Li Y. Quercetin Improving Lipid Metabolism by Regulating Lipid Metabolism Pathway of Ileum Mucosa in Broilers. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020; 2020:8686248. [PMID: 33014279 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8686248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at evaluating the regulatory mechanism of quercetin on lipid metabolism in the ileum of broilers to better understand these pathways decreasing abdominal fat. 480 chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups (control, 0.02% quercetin, 0.04% quercetin, and 0.06% quercetin). Breast muscle, thigh muscle, and abdominal fat pad were removed and weighed at 42 d of age. Serum was obtained by centrifuging blood samples from the jugular vein (10 ml) to determine high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), leptin, and adiponectin using ELISA. About 5 g of the ileum was harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen for RNA-seq. Then, the confirmation of RNA-seq results by the Real-Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) method was evaluated using Pearson's correlation. Compared with control, abdominal fat percentage was significantly decreased with increasing quercetin supplementation, and the best result was obtained at 0.06% dietary quercetin supplementation (P < 0.01). Breast muscle percentage was significantly decreased at 0.02% quercetin (P < 0.01), and thigh muscle percentage tended to increase (P = 0.078). Meanwhile, 0.04% and 0.06% quercetin significantly decreased TG (P < 0.01), TC (P < 0.01), and LDL content (P < 0.05) in serum. Serum leptin and adiponectin contents were significantly increased by 0.04% and 0.06% dietary quercetin supplementation, compared with the control (P < 0.01). Analyses of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database were used to identify differently expressed genes and lipid metabolism pathways. Quercetin decreased abdominal fat percentage through regulating fat digestion and absorption, glycerophospholipid metabolism, AMPK signaling pathway, fatty acid degradation, and cholesterol metabolism.
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Gadallah AS, Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Atta-Ur-Rahman, Yousuf S, Atia-Tul-Wahab, Jabeen A, Swilam MM, Khalifa SAM, El-Seedi HR, Choudhary MI. Anti-Inflammatory Principles from Tamarix aphylla L.: A Bioassay-Guided Fractionation Study. Molecules 2020; 25:E2994. [PMID: 32630007 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25132994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products have served as primary remedies since ancient times due to their cultural acceptance and outstanding biodiversity. To investigate whether Tamarix aphylla L. modulates an inflammatory process, we carried out bioassay-guided isolation where the extracts and isolated compounds were tested for their modulatory effects on several inflammatory indicators, such as nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), proinflammatory cytokine; tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), as well as the proliferation of the lymphocyte T-cells. The aqueous ethanolic extract of the plant inhibited the intracellular ROS production, NO generation, and T-cell proliferation. The aqueous ethanolic crude extract was partitioned by liquid-liquid fractionation using n-hexane (n-C6H6), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and water (H2O). The DCM and n-BuOH extracts showed the highest activity against most inflammatory indicators and were further purified to obtain compounds 1-4. The structures of 3,5-dihydroxy-4',7-dimethoxyflavone (1) and 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester (2) from the DCM extracts; and kaempferol (3), and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-(E)-cinnamic acid (4) from the n-BuOH extract were elucidated by different spectroscopic tools, including MS, NMR, UV, and IR. Compound 2 inhibited the production of ROS and TNF-α, whereas compound 3 showed inhibitory activity against all the tested mediators. A better understanding of the potential aspect of Tamarix aphylla L. derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents could open the door for the development of advanced anti-inflammatory entities.
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Boniface PK, Ferreira EI. Flavonoids as efficient scaffolds: Recent trends for malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2473-2517. [PMID: 31441148 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endemic in 149 tropical and subtropical countries, neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect more than 1 billion people annually with over 500,000 deaths. Among the NTDs, some of the most severe consist of leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue. The impact of the combined NTDs closely rivals that of malaria. According to the World Health Organization, 216 million cases of malaria were reported in 2016 with 445,000 deaths. Current treatment options are associated with various limitations including widespread drug resistance, severe adverse effects, lengthy treatment duration, unfavorable toxicity profiles, and complicated drug administration procedures. Flavonoids are a class of compounds that has been the subject of considerable scientific interest. New developments of flavonoids have made promising advances for the potential treatment of malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue, with less toxicity, high efficacy, and improved bioavailability. This review summarizes the current standings of the use of flavonoids to treat malaria and neglected diseases such as leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue. Natural and synthetic flavonoids are leading compounds that can be used for developing antiprotozoal and antiviral agents. However, detailed studies on toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and mechanisms of action of these compounds are required to confirm the in vitro pharmacological claims of flavonoids for pharmaceutical applications. HIGHLIGHTS: In the current review, we have tried to compile recent discoveries on natural and synthetic flavonoids as well as their implication in the treatment of malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue. A total of 373 (220 natural and 153 synthetic) flavonoids have been evaluated for antimalarial, antileishmanial, antichagasic, and antidengue activities. Most of these flavonoids showed promising results against the above diseases. Reports on molecular modeling of flavonoid compounds to the disease target indicated encouraging results. Flavonoids can be prospected as potential leads for drug development; however, more rigorously designed studies on toxicity and pharmacokinetics, as well as the quantitative structure-activity relationship studies of these compounds, need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pone Kamdem Boniface
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Igne Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gevú KV, Carvalho MGDE, Silva IGDA, Lima HRP, Castro RN, Cunha MDA. Phenolic compounds from the rhizome of Renealmia nicolaioides Loes.: a new diarylheptanoid. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2019; 91:e20180312. [PMID: 30994764 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920180312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify phenolic compounds in dichloromethane and methanolic extracts of the rhizome of Renealmia nicolaioides collected in the North Region of Brazil. Two known diarylheptanoids, 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-(1E)-1-hepten-3-one (1), and 5R-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1E-hepten-5-ol (2), and a new one (1R,2S,5S)-2-hydroxy-1,7(p-hydroxyphenyl)-centrolobine (3), as well as one flavonoid, 3-metoxi-quercetin (4) were isolated by chromatographic procedure and identified by spectroscopic techniques (1H and13C NMR, HRMS and CD). The acetyl derivative of 2 was used to confirm its structure. All four compounds are reported for the first time for this genus, and this is the first occurrence of compound 1 as a natural metabolite. The results reported here are unprecedented for the genus Renealmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathlyn V Gevú
- Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mário G DE Carvalho
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, Km 07, s/n, 23897-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ilna G DA Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, Km 07, s/n, 23897-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Helena R P Lima
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, Km 07, s/n, 23897-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosane N Castro
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, Km 07, s/n, 23897-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maura DA Cunha
- Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
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Chaurasiya ND, León F, Ding Y, Gómez-Betancur I, Benjumea D, Walker LA, Cutler SJ, Tekwani BL. Interactions of Desmethoxyyangonin, a Secondary Metabolite from Renealmia alpinia, with Human Monoamine Oxidase-A and Oxidase-B. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2017; 2017:4018724. [PMID: 29138643 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4018724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Renealmia alpinia (Zingiberaceae), a medicinal plant of tropical rainforests, is used to treat snakebites and other injuries and also as a febrifuge, analgesic, antiemetic, antiulcer, and anticonvulsant. The dichloromethane extract of R. alpinia leaves showed potent inhibition of human monoamine oxidases- (MAOs-) A and B. Phytochemical studies yielded six known compounds, including pinostrobin 1, 4′-methyl ether sakuranetin 2, sakuranetin 3, pinostrobin chalcone 4, yashabushidiol A 5, and desmethoxyyangonin 6. Compound 6 displayed about 30-fold higher affinity for MAO-B than MAO-A, with Ki values of 31 and 922 nM, respectively. Kinetic analysis of inhibition and equilibrium-dialysis dissociation assay of the enzyme-inhibitor complex showed reversible binding of desmethoxyyangonin 6 with MAO-A and MAO-B. The binding interactions of compound 6 in the active site of the MAO-A and MAO-B isoenzymes, investigated through molecular modeling algorithms, confirmed preferential binding of desmethoxyyangonin 6 with MAO-B compared to MAO-A. Selective reversible inhibitors of MAO-B, like desmethoxyyangonin 6, may have important therapeutic significance for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
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Navasconi TR, Dos Reis VN, Freitas CF, Pereira PCDS, Caetano W, Hioka N, Lonardoni MVC, Aristides SMA, Silveira TGV. Photodynamic Therapy With Bengal Rose and Derivatives Against Leishmania amazonensis. J Lasers Med Sci 2017; 8:46-50. [PMID: 28912944 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2017.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is based primarily on the use of pentavalent antimonials, which may lead to many side effects limiting their use. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative for the treatment of CL, and some xanthene dyes have the potential for use in PDT. Methods: The xanthenes rose bengal B (RB) and its derivatives rose bengal methyl ester (RBMET), and butyl ester (RBBUT) were analyzed for leishmanicidal activity against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis. Cytotoxicity was assessed in J774.A1 macrophages. Results: RB derivates RBMET (IC50 9.83 μM), and RBBUT (IC50 45.08 μM) showed leishmanicidal activity, however, were toxic to J774.A1 macrophages, resulting in low selectivity index. Conclusion: The RBMET and RBBUT showed to be effective against the L. amazonensis and the low selectivity index presented may not be a limitation for their use in PDT to CL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisa Rocha Navasconi
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Nesi Dos Reis
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wilker Caetano
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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Yohda M, Yamamoto Y. Enantioselective addition of arylboronic acids to methyl 2-formylbenzoates by using a ruthenium/Me-BIPAM catalyst for synthesis of chiral 3-aryl-isobenzofuranones. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10874-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01661d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
[RuCl2(p-cymene)]2/Me-BIPAM and RuCl2(PPh3)3/Me-BIPAM catalyst systems tolerate a variety of functional groups and give high yields with high enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Yohda
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamamoto
- Division of Chemical Process Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
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