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Xiang X, Yang H, Yuan X, Dong X, Mai S, Zhang Q, Chen L, Cao D, Chen H, Guo W, Li L. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of GmDWF1 brassinosteroid biosynthetic gene induces dwarfism in soybean. Plant Cell Rep 2024; 43:116. [PMID: 38622229 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03204-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The study on the GmDWF1-deficient mutant dwf1 showed that GmDWF1 plays a crucial role in determining soybean plant height and yield by influencing the biosynthesis of brassinosteroids. Soybean has not adopted the Green Revolution, such as reduced height for increased planting density, which have proven beneficial for cereal crops. Our research identified the soybean genes GmDWF1a and GmDWF1b, homologous to Arabidopsis AtDWF1, and found that they are widely expressed, especially in leaves, and linked to the cellular transport system, predominantly within the endoplasmic reticulum and intracellular vesicles. These genes are essential for the synthesis of brassinosteroids (BR). Single mutants of GmDWF1a and GmDWF1b, as well as double mutants of both genes generated through CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, exhibit a dwarf phenotype. The single-gene mutant exhibits moderate dwarfism, while the double mutant shows more pronounced dwarfism. Despite the reduced stature, all types of mutants preserve their node count. Notably, field tests have shown that the single GmDWF1a mutant produced significantly more pods than wild-type plants. Spraying exogenous brassinolide (BL) can compensate for the loss in plant height induced by the decrease in endogenous BRs. Comparing transcriptome analyses of the GmDWF1a mutant and wild-type plants revealed a significant impact on the expression of many genes that influence soybean growth. Identifying the GmDWF1a and GmDWF1b genes could aid in the development of compact, densely planted soybean varieties, potentially boosting productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumin Xiang
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Hongli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xue Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Sihua Mai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Limiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Dong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Li Li
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
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Hu D, Zhao Y, Zhu L, Li X, Zhang J, Cui X, Li W, Hao D, Yang Z, Wu F, Dong S, Su X, Huang F, Yu D. Genetic dissection of ten photosynthesis-related traits based on InDel- and SNP-GWAS in soybean. Theor Appl Genet 2024; 137:96. [PMID: 38589730 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A total of 416 InDels and 112 SNPs were significantly associated with soybean photosynthesis-related traits. GmIWS1 and GmCDC48 might be related to chlorophyll fluorescence and gas-exchange parameters, respectively. Photosynthesis is one of the main factors determining crop yield. A better understanding of the genetic architecture for photosynthesis is of great significance for soybean yield improvement. Our previous studies identified 5,410,112 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the resequencing data of 219 natural soybean accessions. Here, we identified 634,106 insertions and deletions (InDels) from these 219 accessions and used these InDel variations to perform principal component and linkage disequilibrium analysis of this population. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) were conducted on six chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (chlorophyll content, light energy absorbed per reaction center, quantum yield for electron transport, probability that a trapped exciton moves an electron into the electron transport chain beyond primary quinone acceptor, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II primary photochemistry in the dark-adapted state, performance index on absorption basis) and four gas-exchange parameters (intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate) and revealed 416 significant InDels and 112 significant SNPs. Based on GWAS results, GmIWS1 (encoding a transcription elongation factor) and GmCDC48 (encoding a cell division cycle protein) with the highest expression in the mapping region were determined as the candidate genes responsible for chlorophyll fluorescence and gas-exchange parameters, respectively. Further identification of favorable haplotypes with higher photosynthesis, seed weight and seed yield were carried out for GmIWS1 and GmCDC48. Overall, this study revealed the natural variations and candidate genes underlying the photosynthesis-related traits based on abundant phenotypic and genetic data, providing valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms controlling photosynthesis and yield in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhou Hu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lixun Zhu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiao Li
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, School of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xuan Cui
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenlong Li
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Derong Hao
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, 226012, China
| | - Zhongyi Yang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fei Wu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shupeng Dong
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoyue Su
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fang Huang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Deyue Yu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Fang C, Du H, Wang L, Liu B, Kong F. Mechanisms underlying key agronomic traits and implications for molecular breeding in soybean. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:379-393. [PMID: 37717820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) is an important crop that provides protein and vegetable oil for human consumption. As soybean is a photoperiod-sensitive crop, its cultivation and yield are limited by the photoperiodic conditions in the field. In contrast to other major crops, soybean has a special plant architecture and a special symbiotic nitrogen fixation system, representing two unique breeding directions. Thus, flowering time, plant architecture, and symbiotic nitrogen fixation are three critical or unique yield-determining factors. This review summarizes the progress made in our understanding of these three critical yield-determining factors in soybean. Meanwhile, we propose potential research directions to increase soybean production, discuss the application of genomics and genomic-assisted breeding, and explore research directions to address future challenges, particularly those posed by global climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Haiping Du
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lingshuang Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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Zhao Y, Han Q, Zhang D. Recent Advances in the Crosstalk between Brassinosteroids and Environmental Stimuli. Plant Cell Physiol 2024:pcae024. [PMID: 38578169 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Due to their sessile lifestyle, plants need to optimize their growth in order to adapt to ever-changing environments. Plants receive stimuli from the environment and convert them into cellular responses. Brassinosteroids (BRs), as growth-promoting steroid hormones, play a significant role in the tradeoff between growth and environmental responses. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary for understanding the crosstalk between BR and various environmental stresses, including water availability, temperature fluctuations, salinization, nutrient deficiencies and diseases. We also highlight the bottlenecks that need to be addressed in future studies. Ultimately, we suppose to improve plant environmental adaptability and crop yield by excavating natural BR mutants or modifying BR signaling and its targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qing Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Wang D, Zheng J, Sarsaiya S, Jin L, Chen J. Unveiling terahertz wave stress effects and mechanisms in Pinellia ternata: Challenges, insights, and future directions. Physiol Plant 2024; 176:e14195. [PMID: 38332400 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to elucidate the intricate effects and mechanisms of terahertz (THz) wave stress on Pinellia ternata, providing valuable insights into plant responses. The primary objective is to highlight the imperative for future research dedicated to comprehending THz wave impacts across plant structures, with a specific focus on the molecular intricacies governing root system structure and function, from shoots to roots. Notably, this review highlights the accelerated plant growth induced by THz waves, especially in conjunction with other environmental stressors, and the subsequent alterations in cellular homeostasis, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in brassinosteroids. Brassinosteroids are explored for their dual role as toxic by-products of stress metabolism and vital signal transduction molecules in plant responses to abiotic stresses. The paper further investigates the spatio-temporal regulation and long-distance transport of phytohormones, including growth hormone, cytokinin, and abscisic acid (ABA), which significantly influence the growth and development of P. ternata under THz wave stress. With a comprehensive review of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Brassinosteroid Insensitive (BRI) homeostasis and signalling under THz wave stress, the article elucidates the current understanding of BRI involvement in stress perception, stress signalling, and domestication response regulation. Additionally, it underscores the importance of spatio-temporal regulation and long-distance transport of key plant hormones, such as growth hormone, cytokinin, and ABA, in determining root growth and development under THz wave stress. The study of how plants perceive and respond to environmental stresses holds fundamental biological significance, and enhancing plant stress tolerance is crucial for promoting sustainable agricultural practices and mitigating the environmental burdens associated with low-tolerance crop cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiatong Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Leilei Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jishuang Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Song XF, Guo X, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Qin Y, Zuo J. Journal of Genetics and Genomics in 2023: progresses and beyond. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:1-2. [PMID: 38237980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Fen Song
- Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & the Genetics Society of China, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Guo
- Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & the Genetics Society of China, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & the Genetics Society of China, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yutian Zhang
- Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & the Genetics Society of China, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & the Genetics Society of China, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianru Zuo
- Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & the Genetics Society of China, Beijing 100101, China.
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An YQ, Ma DJ, Xi Z. Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Synergistic Enhancement of Nitrogen Assimilation Efficiency via Coordinated Regulation of Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolism by Co-Application of Brassinolide and Pyraclostrobin in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16435. [PMID: 38003624 PMCID: PMC10671621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving nitrogen (N) assimilation efficiency without yield penalties is important to sustainable food security. The chemical regulation approach of N assimilation efficiency is still less explored. We previously found that the co-application of brassinolide (BL) and pyraclostrobin (Pyr) synergistically boosted biomass and yield via regulating photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the synergistic effect of BL and Pyr on N metabolism remains unclear. In this work, we examined the N and protein contents, key N assimilatory enzyme activities, and transcriptomic and metabolomic changes in the four treatments (untreated, BL, Pyr, and BL + Pyr). Our results showed that BL + Pyr treatment synergistically improved N and protein contents by 56.2% and 58.0%, exceeding the effects of individual BL (no increase) or Pyr treatment (36.4% and 36.1%). Besides synergistically increasing the activity of NR (354%), NiR (42%), GS (62%), and GOGAT (62%), the BL + Pyr treatment uniquely coordinated N metabolism, carbon utilization, and photosynthesis at the transcriptional and metabolic levels, outperforming the effects of individual BL or Pyr treatments. These results revealed that BL + Pyr treatments could synergistically improve N assimilation efficiency through improving N assimilatory enzyme activities and coordinated regulation of N and carbon metabolism. The identified genes and metabolites also informed potential targets and agrochemical combinations to enhance N assimilation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi An
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.-Q.A.); (D.-J.M.)
| | - De-Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.-Q.A.); (D.-J.M.)
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.-Q.A.); (D.-J.M.)
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, China
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Yang R, Yang Z, Xing M, Jing Y, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Zhou Y, Zhao H, Qiao W, Sun J. TaBZR1 enhances wheat salt tolerance via promoting ABA biosynthesis and ROS scavenging. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:861-871. [PMID: 37734712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are vital plant steroid hormones involved in numerous aspects of plant life including growth, development, and responses to various stresses. However, the underlying mechanisms of how BR regulates abiotic stress responses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) remain to be elucidated. Here, we find that BR signal core transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1 (TaBZR1) is significantly up-regulated by salt treatment. Overexpression of Tabzr1-1D (a gain-of-function TaBZR1 mutant protein) improves wheat salt tolerance. Furthermore, we show that TaBZR1 binds directly to the G-box motif in the promoter of ABA biosynthesis gene TaNCED3 to activate its expression and promotes ABA accumulation. Moreover, TaBZR1 associates with the promoters of ROS-scavenging genes TaGPX2 and TaGPX3 to activate their expression. Taken together, our results elucidate that TaBZR1 improves salt-stress tolerance by activating some genes involved in the biosynthesis of ABA and ROS scavenging in wheat, which gives us a new strategy to improve the salt tolerance of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Meng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572024, China
| | - Yexing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Developmental Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, China
| | - Huixian Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Weihua Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572024, China.
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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