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Gao J, He Z, Zhang L, Wang Z, Guo J, Wang T, He L, Zhang T, Zhao X, Wang B, Wang Z, Yi S. How do the main components influence the VOCs emission characteristics and formation pathways during moso bamboo heat treatment? Sci Total Environ 2024; 916:170324. [PMID: 38266725 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Bamboo heat treatment will cause plenty of release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere which are important precursors for ozone (O3) formation. In this study, dewaxed bamboo was heat-treated at 180 °C for 2 h to investigate the emission characteristics and the formation pathways of VOCs during heat treatment by removing different main components. The results showed that aldehydes (22.61%-57.54%) and esters (14.64%-38.88%) are the primary VOCs released during heat treatment. These compounds mainly originate from the degradation of hemicellulose, lignin, cellulose, and the linkage bonds between them in bamboo. During the bamboo heat treatment, the degradation of CO, CH, and CO bonds in hemicellulose results in the release of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 3-furfural, and 1-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate. The breakage of benzene ring group and the CO and CH bonds of lignin leading to the emission of VOCs including m-Formylphenol, Vanillin, and Syringaldehyde. The degradation of aliphatic CH, CC, and CO bonds in the amorphous region of cellulose contributes to an enhanced release of alcohols, olefins, and alkanes. It is calculated that acids (28.92%-59.47%), esters (10.10%-22.03%) and aldehydes (17.88%-39.91%) released during heat treatment contributed more to Ozone Formation Potential (OFP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhengbin He
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lanxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhichuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Tinghuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Luxi He
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Tianfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Songlin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Qi D, Chen M, Yang K, Li T, Ying Y, Liu D. Effective reduction on flame soot via plasma coupled with carbon dioxide. J Hazard Mater 2024:133669. [PMID: 38310061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the impact of non-thermal plasma and CO2 on the flame soot characteristics within the diffusion flames. We analyzed on flame structures that were diluted with either CO2 or N2, temperature distributions, and soot characteristics, both in the presence and absence of plasma. Due to the higher specific heat capacity of CO2 compared to N2, the optical observations consistently showed lower temperatures in flames diluted with CO2 as compared to those diluted with N2. The inclusion of plasma and carbon dioxide resulted in the lowest soot concentration, indicating that plasma coupled with CO2 has a synergistic inhibitory effect on soot emissions. The findings revealed that when CO2 was used to dilute the flames and the oxygen concentration was low, the soot nanostructure appeared amorphous. Raman results showed that the level of graphitization observed in soot particles from CO2 dilution flames was lower than that from N2 dilution flames. In the presence of plasma and CO2, the soot obtained exhibited the shortest fringe length and the highest fringe tortuosity. Significant correlations were observed between the nanostructure of soot and its reactivity. The combined application of plasma and CO2 proved to be effective in reducing the soot carbonization degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Qi
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China; Advanced Combustion Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxiao Chen
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China; Advanced Combustion Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China; Advanced Combustion Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China; Advanced Combustion Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyao Ying
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China; Advanced Combustion Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China; Advanced Combustion Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang L, Zhong L, Yu P, Li H, Zhou Z, Tong Q, Wan H, Dong L. Size Effect of Platinum Nanoparticles over Platinum-Manganese Oxide on the Low-Temperature Oxidation of Toluene. Langmuir 2023; 39:13620-13629. [PMID: 37702778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The effect of size of Pt nanoparticles has an important influence on the performance of supported Pt-based catalysts for the elimination of toluene. Herein, uniform Pt nanoparticles with average sizes of 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 2.9, and 3.6 nm were obtained and supported on manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (OMS-2), and their catalytic performances for toluene oxidation were evaluated. Benefiting from the moderate interfacial interaction between nanoparticles and manganese oxide support, Pt/OMS-2-3 with the Pt particle size of 3.0 nm showed the best catalytic performance owing to the highest content of Pt2+ species. It also facilitates the formation of more abundant Mnδ+ (Mn2+ and Mn3+) and oxygen vacancies than that of the other sizes of the OMS-2-supported Pt nanoparticles, which can be filled by a large amount of adsorbed oxygen and converted into reactive oxygen species. We further showed that the resulting surface synergetic oxygen vacancies (Pt2+-Ov-Mnδ+) play a decisive part in catalyzing the complete oxidation of toluene. The result will provide new insights for designing efficient Pt-based catalysts for deep purification of toluene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Center of Modern Analysis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Linjun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Center of Modern Analysis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Yu
- Research Institute of Sinopec Nanjing Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210048, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Science and Technology Development, Sinopec Nanjing Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210048, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qing Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Center of Modern Analysis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Haiqin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Center of Modern Analysis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Center of Modern Analysis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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Zhu N, Hong Y, Cai Y, Dong F, Song J. The Removal of CH 4 and NO x from Marine LNG Engine Exhaust by NTP Combined with Catalyst: A Review. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4969. [PMID: 37512244 PMCID: PMC10381958 DOI: 10.3390/ma16144969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Compared to diesel, liquefied natural gas (LNG), often used as an alternative fuel for marine engines, comes with significant advantages in reducing emissions of particulate matter (PM), SOx, CO2, and other pollutants. Promoting the use of LNG is of great significance for achieving carbon peaking and neutrality worldwide, as well as improving the energy structure. However, compared to diesel engines, medium- and high-speed marine LNG engines may produce higher methane (CH4) emissions and also have nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission issues. For the removal of CH4 and NOx from the exhaust of marine LNG engines, the traditional technical route of combining a methane oxidation catalyst (MOC) and an HN3 selective catalytic reduction system (NH3-SCR) will face problems, such as low conversion efficiency and high operation cost. In view of this, the technology of non-thermal plasma (NTP) combined with CH4-SCR is proposed. However, the synergistic mechanism between NTP and catalysts is still unclear, which limits the optimization of an NTP-CH4-SCR system. This article summarizes the synergistic mechanism of NTP and catalysts in the integrated treatment process of CH4 and NOx, including experimental analysis and numerical simulation. And the relevant impact parameters (such as electrode diameter, electrode shape, electrode material, and barrier material, etc.) of NTP reactor energy optimization are discussed. The work of this paper is of great significance for guiding the high-efficiency removal of CH4 and NOx for an NTP-CH4-SCR system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Zhu
- School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Yu Hong
- School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Yunkai Cai
- School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Fei Dong
- School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Jie Song
- Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China
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