New water-soluble fluorescent sensors based on calix[4]arene biscrown-6 for selective detection of cesium

Synthesis of π-extended and bowl-shaped sumanene-ferrocene conjugates and their application in highly selective and sensitive cesium cations electrochemical sensors

Carbon-carbon bond formation, condensation or click chemistry reactions were used to synthesize novel bowl-shaped sumanene-ferrocene conjugates, along with the extended π-electron framework in good yields. For the first time, the present study uses sumanene derivatives tris-substituted at the benzylic positions as the materials to begin the study on the click chemistry or the metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, Suzuki-Miyaura or Sonogashira couplings. The synthesized conjugates exhibited the property of selective recognizing cesium cations. As a result, this led to the development of highly sensitive and selective fluorescent or electrochemical sensors dedicated to the recognition of cesium cations (Cs⁺) in water. We successfully designed the Cs⁺ electrochemical sensors, which exhibited an acceptable limit of detection (LOD) values at 0.05-0.38 μM. Spectrofluorimetry, voltammetry, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) were used to perform the selectivity studies. The results revealed that the designed sensors are highly Cs⁺-selective. This work significantly contributes to the design of new methods of sumanene modification. It also provides further information on the electrochemical properties and innovative applications of metallocene-tethered sumanene derivatives.

Traffic light-type ratiometric fluorescence visual sensing of Cs+ in soybean oil based on dimension regulation of 2D perovskite nanosheets

Determination of cesium ion in soybean oil is of high importance since the increasing risk from releasing of main component of nuclear waste cesium 137. The complex composition and high viscosity of soybean oil make it necessary to convert it into water phase by nitration before detection, so developing a simple, accurate and sensitive method for on-site sensing of Cs⁺ in soybean oil is still a big challenge. In this work, we report a traffic light-type ratiometric fluorescence strategy for the visual sensing of Cs⁺ in soybean oil based on dimensional regulation of two dimensional (PEA)₂PbI₄ perovskite nanosheets (NSs). The PEA⁺ in (PEA)₂PbI₄ NSs exchanged with Cs⁺ and lead to dimension of partial (PEA)₂PbI₄ NSs progressively increase from 2D to 3D CsPbI₃ NCs. Resultantly, the fluorescence of (PEA)₂PbI₄ NSs decreases with a concomitant fluorescence enhancement of CsPbI₃ NCs upon increasing the concentrations of Cs⁺, and the emission accordingly change from green, yellow to red with a high fluorescence colorimetric resolution up to 5.0 μM, make it successful to achieve on-site sensing of Cs⁺ in soybean oil just with naked eye in 5 min without any nitration, demonstrating a bright application future for determination of Cs⁺ in the soybean oil.

A fully water-soluble Calix[4]arene probe for fluorometric and colorimetric detection of toxic hydrosulfide and cyanide ions: Practicability in living cells and food samples

Although hydrosulfide and cyanide anions play important roles in daily life that they are available in a lot of foods. However, their excess amounts contaminate water, land, and food and cause serious problems to human health. Herein, we introduce a water-soluble macrocyclic sensor based-on Calix[4]arene (MPI-Calix[4]) with dual response sites for fluorescence recognizing cyanide (CN^-) and hydrogen sulfide (HS^-) under longwave light. MPI-Calix[4] exhibits a high selectivity and sensitivity in the detection of CN^- and HS^-, where the limits of detection were as low as 0.115 and 8.12 μmol/L, respectively. The cell imaging studies shows that this probe can be easily used in the detection of CN^- and HS^- on living cells. Full understanding of these results paved a fruitful system to improve an applicable analytical process for food safety and quality.

Green synthesized carbon quantum dots from maple tree leaves for biosensing of Cesium and electrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) synthesized from biological sources play a significant role in biomedical and environmental applications, including bioimaging, biosensing, metal ions detection and electrocatalytic oxidations. Herein, we synthesized blue-emitting carbon quantum dots using maple tree leaves via a one-step hydrothermal process to detect Cesium ions selectively. The synthesized CQDs' functional group composition, morphology, and pH stability was analytical and morphologically investigated. The maple leaves derived carbon quantum dots (M-CQDs) exhibited blue fluorescence, and their sizes ranged from 1 to 10 nm. They exhibited emission at 445 nm upon excitation at 360 nm. M-CQDs PL intensity was highly stable for about 100 d without any changes and confirmed that the as-prepared CQDs could be used as a probe for Cesium ion sensing. M-CQDs were effectively used as Cesium sensing probes based on the electron transfer process and simultaneously used as a catalyst for glycerol electrooxidation. The PL intensity of M-CQDs was quenched while adding the varies concentration of Cesium ions in the linear range from 100 μM to 100 nM with the detection limit of (LOD) 160 nM, simultaneously electrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol showed an onset potential of 1.32 V at a current density of 10 mA/cm².

Cesium Cation Complexation by a Flavin Receptor via Self-Assembly and Deprotonation

This study focuses on the self-assembly of a new flavin compound and its scaffolding function for a Cs+ ion. 7,8-Dimethyl-10-[4'-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-isoalloxazine (FlH-MB) displays self-assembly in a DMSO solution and has strong dependence on the solvent. In the DMSO solution, both the resulting scaffold and the deprotonation of FlH-MB were demonstrated to induce complex formation with a Cs+ ion, which was investigated by UV-vis, 1H NMR, and fluorescence titrations. This complex formation involves both Coulombic and cation-π interactions through the Fl- site in an Fl--MB dimer.

Tris(ferrocenylmethidene)sumanene: synthesis, photophysical properties and applications for efficient caesium cation recognition in water

The synthesis of a sumanene derivative bearing three ferrocenyl substituents is presented. This conjugated compound is solution-processable, shows red-light emission with high fluorescence quantum yield and can be used for the construction of the first buckybowl-based sensor for the selective and effective recognition of caesium cations (Cs⁺) in aqueous solution.

Novel and Innovative Interface as Potential Active Layer in Chem-FET Sensor Devices for the Specific Sensing of Cs. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019;11:47635-47641. [PMID: 31769645 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0]

An innovative novel interface has been designed and developed to be used as a potential active layer in chemically sensitive field-effect transistor (Chem-FET) sensor devices for the specific sensing of Cs⁺. In this study, the synthesis of a specific Cs⁺ probe based on calix[4]arene benzocrown ether, its photophysical properties, and its grafting onto a single lipid monolayer (SLM) recently used as an efficient ultrathin organic dielectric in Chem-FETs are reported simultaneously. On the basis of both optical and NMR titration experiments, the probe has shown high selectivity and specificity for Cs⁺ compared to interfering cations, even if an admixture is used. Additionally, Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra Red (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was successfully used to characterize and prove the efficient grafting of the probe onto a SLM and the formation of the innovative novel sensing layer.

A phenyl glycinol appended calix[4]arene film for chiral detection of ascorbic acid on gold surface

This paper describes the synthesis of new chiral calix [4]arene derivative having (R)-2-phenylglycinol moiety (compound 6), and its chiral recognition studies for ascorbic acid (AA) enantiomers by using Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM). Initial experiments indicated that the outstanding selective chiral recognition (α) was observed as 2.61 for l-enantiomer of AA. The sensitivity (S) and the limit of detection (LOD) values for L-AA were calculated as 0.0226 Hz/μM and 0.63 μM, respectively. Furthermore, the sorption behavior and mechanism of AA onto compound 6 film were evaluated and the sorption data exhibited a good correlation with the Freundlich isotherm models. The maximum uptake of L-AA by the sensor was found as 5895.76 mg/g. In conclusion, chiral recognition of AA enantiomers as real-time, sensitive, selective and effective was performed by a calixarene derivative coated QCM sensor.