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Zhang W, He X, Chen X, Han H, Shen B, Diao M, Liu HY. Exogenous selenium promotes the growth of salt-stressed tomato seedlings by regulating ionic homeostasis, activation energy allocation and CO 2 assimilation. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1206246. [PMID: 37469781 PMCID: PMC10352764 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1206246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at investigating the effects of exogenous selenium (Se) on the ionic equilibrium and micro-domain distribution, state transitions between photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII), and the photosynthetic carbon assimilation efficiency of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) seedlings under the influence of salt stress. The application of 0.01 mmol•L-1 exogenous Se had no significant effects on the selective transport capacity of sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) from the roots to leaves under salt stress. It, however, significantly hindered the absorption of Na by the root system and leaves, increased the ratios of K/Na, Ca/Na and Mg/Na, and relieved the nonuniformity of micro-domain ionic distribution, thus, mitigating the ionic homeostasis imbalance and ion toxicity induced by salt stress. Additionally, the application of exogenous Se overcame stomatal limitation, regulated the state transitions between PSI and PSII, and enhanced the initial and overall activity of Rubisco as well as the activities of Rubisco activase (RCA) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase). It also increased the levels of expression of nine relevant genes in Calvin cycle, which subsequently improved the concentration of photosynthetic substrates, balanced the distribution of activation energy between PSI and PSII, promoted the efficiency of CO2 carboxylation and carbon assimilation, thereby increasing the photosynthetic efficiency of tomato seedling leaves under salt stress. Hence, the supply of exogenous Se can alleviate the inhibition of salt stress on tomato seedling growth by rebuilding ionic homeostasis and promoting photosynthetic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoling He
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xianjun Chen
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongwei Han
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Bingru Shen
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ming Diao
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hui-Ying Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Zhang Y, Zhang HZ, Lamboro A, Fu JY, Du YY, Qu J, Wang PW, Song Y. Enhancement of root sulfur metabolic pathway by overexpression of OAS-TL3 to increase total soybean seed protein content. Mol Breed 2023; 43:4. [PMID: 37312869 PMCID: PMC10248623 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur is essential for plant growth, and the uptake of sulfate by plant roots is the primary source of plant sulfur. Previous studies have shown that the OAS-TL gene is a key enzyme in the sulfur metabolic pathway and regulates cysteine (Cys) synthase production. However, the interaction mechanism of the glycine max OAS-TL3 Cys synthase (OAS-TL3) gene on soybean root morphology construction and seed protein accumulation is unclear. This study shows that mutant M18 has better root growth and development, higher seed protein content, and higher methionine (Met) content in sulfur-containing amino acids than wild-type JN18. By transcriptome sequencing, the differentially expressed OAS-TL3 gene was targeted in the mutant M18 root line. The relative expression of the OAS-TL3 gene in roots, stems, and leaves during the seedling, flowering, and bulking stages of the OAS-TL3 gene overexpression lines is higher than that of the recipient material. Compared to the recipient material JN74, the enzymatic activities, Cys, and GSH contents of OAS-TL are higher in the sulfur metabolic pathway of seedling roots. The receptor material JN74 is exogenously applied with different concentrations of reduced glutathione. The results demonstrate a positive correlation between reduced glutathione on total root length, projected area, surface area, root volume, total root tip number, total bifurcation number, and total crossing number. The Met and total protein contents of sulfur-containing amino acids in soybean seeds of the OAS-TL3 gene overexpression lines are higher than those of the recipient material JN74, while the gene-edited lines show the opposite results. In conclusion, the OAS-TL3 gene positively regulates soybean root growth, root activity, and the content of Met in the seeds through the OAS-TL-Cys-GSH pathway. It breaks the limitation of other amino acids and facilitates the increase of total seed protein content. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01348-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modem Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Plant Biotechnology Center, College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 People’s Republic of China
| | - Han-zhu Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modem Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Plant Biotechnology Center, College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 People’s Republic of China
| | - Abraham Lamboro
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modem Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Plant Biotechnology Center, College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-yu Fu
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modem Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Plant Biotechnology Center, College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye-yao Du
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modem Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Plant Biotechnology Center, College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Qu
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modem Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Plant Biotechnology Center, College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pi-wu Wang
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modem Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Plant Biotechnology Center, College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modem Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Plant Biotechnology Center, College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 People’s Republic of China
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Singh N, Bhatla SC. Heme oxygenase-nitric oxide crosstalk-mediated iron homeostasis in plants under oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:192-205. [PMID: 35247570 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth under abiotic stress conditions significantly enhances intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative status of plant cells is directly affected by the modulation of iron homeostasis. Among mammals and plants, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a well-known antioxidant enzyme. It catalyzes oxygenation of heme, thereby producing Fe2+, CO and biliverdin as byproducts. The antioxidant potential of HO-1 is primarily due to its catalytic reaction byproducts. Biliverdin and bilirubin possess conjugated π-electrons which escalate the ability of these biomolecules to scavenge free radicals. CO also enhances the ROS scavenging ability of plants cells by upregulating catalase and peroxidase activity. Enhanced expression of HO-1 in plants under oxidative stress accompanies sequestration of iron in specialized iron storage proteins localized in plastids and mitochondria, namely ferritin for Fe3+ storage and frataxin for storage of Fe-S clusters, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) crosstalks with HO-1 at multiple levels, more so in plants under oxidative stress, in order to maintain intracellular iron status. Formation of dinitrosyl-iron complexes (DNICs) significantly prevents Fenton reaction during oxidative stress. DNICs also release NO upon dissociation in target cells over long distance in plants. They also function as antioxidants against superoxide anions and lipidic free radicals. A number of NO-modulated transcription factors also facilitate iron homeostasis in plant cells. Plants facing oxidative stress exhibit modulation of lateral root formation by HO-1 through NO and auxin-dependent pathways. The present review provides an in-depth analysis of the structure-function relationship of HO-1 in plants and mammals, correlating them with their adaptive mechanisms of survival under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- Department of Botany, Gargi College, University of Delhi, India.
| | - Satish C Bhatla
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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Liu F, Lou W, Wang J, Li Q, Shen W. Glutathione produced by γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase acts downstream of hydrogen to positively influence lateral root branching. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 167:68-76. [PMID: 34333372 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen gas (H2) mediation of lateral root (LR) branching was previously described. However, related signaling pathway is largely unexplored. In this study, we discovered that application with H2 using hydrogen-rich water, mimicking the responses of exogenous glutathione (GSH), not only enhanced GSH synthesis, but also induced tomato LR development. The changes in the transcripts of auxin signaling-related genes and cell cycle regulatory genes were matched with above phenotypes. The addition of H2 could trigger higher transcript levels of SlGSH1 and SlGSH2, encoding γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-ECS) and glutathione synthetase (GS), confirming the stimulation of GSH synthesis. These responses were greatly abolished when the inhibitor of γ-ECS was applied. The inhibition in lateral root primordium development, especially in emergence stage, was also observed. Genetic evidence revealed that the defects in GSH production and lateral rooting in Arabidopsis cad2-1, a γ-ECS defective mutant, were obviously abolished in the presence of GSH compared to those in the presence of H2. Further evidence revealed that mRNA levels of target genes elicited by H2 in wild-type, were differentially impaired in mutant plants. Together, above data clearly demonstrated that γ-ECS-dependent GSH production might be closely associated with H2 control of LR branching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijie Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Wang Lou
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Junjie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Guangdong Province Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Guangzhou 510520, China.
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Mahawar L, Popek R, Shekhawat GS, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Exogenous hemin improves Cd 2+ tolerance and remediation potential in Vigna radiata by intensifying the HO-1 mediated antioxidant defence system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2811. [PMID: 33531561 PMCID: PMC7854669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effects of exogenous hemin on cadmium toxicity in terms of metal accretion and stress resilience in Vigna radiata L. (Wilczek). One-week-old seedlings were treated with CdCl2 (50 μM) alone and in combination with hemin (0.5 mM) in half-strength Hoagland medium for 96 h. The optimum concentrations of Cd and hemin were determined on the basis of haem oxygenase-1 activity. The results demonstrated that under Cd stress, plants accumulated a considerable amount of metal in their tissues, and the accumulation was higher in roots than in leaves, which significantly reduced the plant biomass and chlorophyll content by increasing the oxidative stress (MDA and H2O2 content). However, hemin supplementation under Cd,-stress improved plant growth by enhancing the harvestable biomass and photosynthetic pigments, increasing antioxidant activities (SOD, APX, POD, HO-1 and proline), lowering oxidative damage and increasing Cd tolerance in plants. Furthermore, the application of hemin enhances the removal efficiency of Cd in V. radiata by increasing the uptake of Cd via roots and its translocation from roots to foliar tissues. Thus, the study suggests that hemin has the potential to improve the stress tolerance and phytoremediation ability of heavy metal-tolerant plants so that they can be used instead of hyperaccumulators for remediation of Cd-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovely Mahawar
- Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre for Advanced Studies, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342001, India
| | - Robert Popek
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gyan Singh Shekhawat
- Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre for Advanced Studies, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342001, India.
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Jiang X, He J, Cheng P, Xiang Z, Zhou H, Wang R, Shen W. Methane Control of Adventitious Rooting Requires γ-Glutamyl Cysteine Synthetase-Mediated Glutathione Homeostasis. Plant Cell Physiol 2019; 60:802-815. [PMID: 30590760 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Although the key role of methane (CH4) in the induction of cucumber adventitious rooting has been observed previously, the target molecules downstream of the CH4 action are yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we reported that exogenous glutathione (GSH) induced cucumber adventitious root formation; while l-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO) treatment inhibited it. BSO is a known inhibitor of γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (γ-ECS), an enzyme involved in GSH biosynthesis. Further investigations showed that endogenous GSH content was rapidly increased by CH4 application, which was correlated with the increased CsGSH1 transcript and γ-ECS activity. Mimicking the responses of GSH, CH4 could upregulate cell cycle regulatory genes (CsCDC6, CsCDPK1, CsCDPK5 and CsDNAJ-1) and auxin-response genes (CsAux22D-like and CsAux22B-like). Meanwhile, adventitious rooting-related CsmiR160 and CsmiR167 were increased or decreased, respectively, and contrasting tendencies were observed in the changes of their target genes, that included CsARF17 and CsARF8. The responses above were impaired by the removal of endogenous GSH with BSO, indicating that CH4-triggered adventitious rooting was GSH-dependent. Genetic evidence revealed that in the presence of CH4, Arabidopsis mutants cad2 (a γ-ECS-defective mutant) exhibited, not only the decreased GSH content in vivo, but also the defects in adventitious root formation, both of which were rescued by GSH administration other than CH4. Together, it can be concluded that γ-ECS-dependent GSH homeostasis might be required for CH4-induced adventitious root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumin Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junjie He
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixin Xiang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Mei Y, Zhao Y, Jin X, Wang R, Xu N, Hu J, Huang L, Guan R, Shen W. L-Cysteine desulfhydrase-dependent hydrogen sulfide is required for methane-induced lateral root formation. Plant Mol Biol 2019; 99:283-298. [PMID: 30623274 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-00817-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Methane-triggered lateral root formation is not only a universal event, but also dependent on L-cysteine desulfhydrase-dependent hydrogen sulfide signaling. Whether or how methane (CH4) triggers lateral root (LR) formation has not been elucidated. In this report, CH4 induction of lateral rooting and the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were dissected in tomato and Arabidopsis by using physiological, anatomical, molecular, and genetic approaches. First, we discovered that CH4 induction of lateral rooting is a universal event. Exogenously applied CH4 not only triggered tomato lateral rooting, but also increased activities of L-cysteine desulfhydrase (DES; a major synthetic enzyme of H2S) and induced endogenous H2S production, and contrasting responses were observed in the presence of hypotaurine (HT; a scavenger of H2S) or DL-propargylglycine (PAG; an inhibitor of DES) alone. CH4-triggered lateral rooting were sensitive to the inhibition of endogenous H2S with HT or PAG. The changes in the transcripts of representative cell cycle regulatory genes, miRNA and its target genes were matched with above phenotypes. In the presence of CH4, Arabidopsis mutant Atdes1 exhibited defects in lateral rooting, compared with the wild-type. Molecular evidence showed that the transcriptional profiles of representative target genes modulated by CH4 in wild-type plants were impaired in Atdes1 mutant. Overall, our data demonstrate the main branch of the DES-dependent H2S signaling cascade in CH4-triggered LR formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Mei
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinxin Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiawen Hu
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Liqin Huang
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rongzhan Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Mei Y, Chen H, Shen W, Shen W, Huang L. Hydrogen peroxide is involved in hydrogen sulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings. BMC Plant Biol 2017; 17:162. [PMID: 29029623 PMCID: PMC5640930 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are separately regarded as a highly reactive molecule involved in root morphogenesis. In this report, corresponding causal link governing lateral root formation was investigated. METHODS By using pharmacological, anatomic, and molecular approaches, evidence presented here revealed the molecular mechanism underlying tomato lateral root development triggered by H2S. RESULTS A H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) triggered the accumulation of H2O2, the up-regulation of RBOH1 transcript, and thereafter tomato lateral root formation. Above responses were sensitive to the H2O2 scavenger (dimethylthiourea; DMTU) and the inhibitor of NADPH oxidase (diphenylene idonium; DPI), showing that the accumulations of H2O2 and increased RBOH1 transcript were respectively prevented. Lateral root primordial and lateral root formation were also impaired. Further molecular evidence revealed that H2S-modulated gene expression of cell cycle regulatory genes, including up-regulation of SlCYCA2;1, SlCYCA3;1, and SlCDKA1, and the down-regulation of SlKRP2, were prevented by the co-treatment with DMTU or DPI. Above mentioned inducing phenotypes were consistent with the changes of lateral root formation-related microRNA transcripts: up-regulation of miR390a and miR160, and with the opposite tendencies of their target genes (encoding auxin response factors). Contrasting tendencies were observed when DMTU or DPI was added together. The occurrence of H2S-mediated S-sulfhydration during above responses was preliminarily discovered. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results suggested an important role of RBOH1-mediated H2O2 in H2S-elicited tomato lateral root development, and corresponding H2S-target proteins regulated at transcriptional and post-translational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Mei
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Haotian Chen
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Liqin Huang
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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9
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Cui W, Zhu D, Shen W, Mei Y, Hu D, Shi Y, Ren Y, Shen W, Gu Q, Xu D, Huang L. Hydrogen Peroxide Is Involved in β-Cyclodextrin-hemin Complex-Induced Lateral Root Formation in Tomato Seedlings. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1445. [PMID: 28868064 PMCID: PMC5563380 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although previous results showed that β-cyclodextrin-hemin complex (β-CDH) could induce tomato lateral root (LR) formation, the corresponding downstream messengers are still not fully understood. In this report, similar to the inducing effects of exogenously applied hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), we discovered that β-CDH elicited RBOH1 transcript upregulation, endogenous H2O2 accumulation, and thereafter tomato LR development. Above responses were sensitive to dimethylthiourea (DMTU) and ascorbic acid (AsA), two membrane-permeable scavengers of H2O2, showing that accumulation of H2O2 and LR formation were significantly blocked. The test with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI; the inhibitor of NADPH oxidase) revealed that H2O2 mainly produced by NADPH oxidase, might be involved in LR formation triggered by β-CDH. qPCR combined with pharmacological and anatomical analyses showed that β-CDH-modulated several marker genes responsible for LR formation, such as CYCA3;1, CYCA2;1, CYCD3;1, and CDKA1 (four cell cycle regulatory genes), ARF7 and RSI-1 (two auxin signaling genes), LAX3 (an auxin influx carrier), IAA14 (encoding a member of the Aux/IAA protein family), PIN3 and PIN7 (two auxin efflux carriers), isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 1, and L-ascorbate oxidase homolog genes (two reactive oxygen species-associated genes and one LR formation-related gene), were causally related to above H2O2 signaling. Particularly, representative proteins related to H2O2 metabolism and lateral rooting, were specifically induced in β-CDH-treated tomato seedlings. Overall, the results clearly suggested a vital role of H2O2 in the β-CDH-induced tomato LR formation, and β-CDH-elicited H2O2-related target proteins responsible for LR formation might be, at least partially, regulated at transcriptional and translational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiti Cui
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yudong Mei
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Dekun Hu
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yujian Shi
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yong Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Quan Gu
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Daokun Xu
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Liqin Huang
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqin Huang,
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Gill RA, Ali B, Yang S, Tong C, Islam F, Gill MB, Mwamba TM, Ali S, Mao B, Liu S, Zhou W. Reduced Glutathione Mediates Pheno-Ultrastructure, Kinome and Transportome in Chromium-Induced Brassica napus L. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:2037. [PMID: 29312362 PMCID: PMC5732361 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) as a toxic metal is widely used for commercial purposes and its residues have become a potential environmental threat to both human and plant health. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the candidate plants that can absorb the considerable quantity of toxic metals from the soil. Here, we used two cultivars of B. napus cvs. ZS 758 (metal-tolerant) and Zheda 622 (metal-susceptible) to investigate the phenological attributes, cell ultrastructure, protein kinases (PKs) and molecular transporters (MTs) under the combined treatments of Cr stress and reduced glutathione (GSH). Seeds of these cultivars were grown in vitro at different treatments i.e., 0, 400 μM Cr, and 400 μM Cr + 1 mM GSH in control growth chamber for 6 days. Results had confirmed that Cr significantly reduced the plant length, stem and root, and fresh biomass such as leaf, stem and root. Cr noticeably caused the damages in leaf mesophyll cells. Exogenous application of GSH significantly recovered both phenological and cell structural damages in two cultivars under Cr stress. For the PKs, transcriptomic data advocated that Cr stress alone significantly increased the gene expressions of BnaA08g16610D, BnaCnng19320D, and BnaA08g00390D over that seen in controls (Ck). These genes encoded both nucleic acid and transition metal ion binding proteins, and protein kinase activity (PKA) and phosphotransferase activities in both cultivars. Similarly, the presence of Cr revealed elite MT genes [BnaA04g26560D, BnaA02g28130D, and BnaA02g01980D (novel)] that were responsible for water transmembrane transporter activity. However, GSH in combination with Cr stress significantly up-regulated the genes for PKs [such as BnaCnng69940D (novel) and BnaC08g49360D] that were related to PKA, signal transduction, and oxidoreductase activities. For MTs, BnaC01g29930D and BnaA07g14320D were responsible for secondary active transmembrane transporter and protein transporter activities that were expressed more in GSH treatment than either Ck or Cr-treated cells. In general, it can be concluded that cultivar ZS 758 is more tolerant toward Cr-induced stress than Zheda 622.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaqat A. Gill
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Basharat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Su Yang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Faisal Islam
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Gill
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Theodore M. Mwamba
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Skhawat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bizeng Mao
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Weijun Zhou
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