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Wang JD, Zhang JS, Li XX, Wang KJ, Li M, Mao YY, Wan XH. Knockout of TGF-β receptor II by CRISPR/Cas9 delays mesenchymal transition of Lens epithelium and posterior capsule opacification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129290. [PMID: 38199534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common postoperative complication of cataract surgery. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) that is proven to induce PCO formation in clinical and experimental studies. In this study, CRISPR sequences targeting exon of TGF-βRII were knocked out with lentiviral transfection in LECs. Rabbits' PCO model was established and recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) for transferring the gRNA of TGF βRII were intravitreally injected. SgRNA inhibited TGF-βRII expression and human LECs proliferation. In TGF-βRII knockout group, LECs motility and migration were suppressed, N-cadherin and vimentin expressions were significantly decreased, whereas E-cadherin was increased. The animal model showed that TGF-βRII knockout in vivo was effective in suppressing PCO. The current study suggested that the CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease system could suppress TGF-βRII secretion, which participates in the EMT procedure of LECs in vitro and PCO in vivo. These findings might provide a new gene-editing approach and insight into a novel therapeutic strategy for PCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Da Wang
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing Shang Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiao Xia Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Kai Jie Wang
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ying Yan Mao
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiu Hua Wan
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
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2
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Feng L, Wang C, Zhang C, Zhang W, Song W. Role of epigenetic regulation in glaucoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115633. [PMID: 37806089 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the world's leading irreversible blinding eye disease. Lowering intraocular pressure is currently the only effective clinical treatment. However, there is a lack of long-acting IOP-lowering drugs, and some patients still experience retinal ganglion cell loss even with good intraocular pressure control. Currently, there is no effective method for neuroprotection and regeneration in clinical practice for glaucoma. In recent years, epigenetics has been widely researched and reported for its role in glaucoma's neuroprotection and regeneration. This article reviews the changes in histone modifications, DNA methylation, non-coding RNA, and m6A methylation in glaucoma, aiming to provide new perspectives for glaucoma management, protection of retinal ganglion cells, and axon regeneration by understanding epigenetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemeng Feng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Wulong Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Weitao Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China.
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Wang MY, Liu WJ, Wu LY, Wang G, Zhang CL, Liu J. The Research Progress in Transforming Growth Factor-β2. Cells 2023; 12:2739. [PMID: 38067167 PMCID: PMC10706148 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), an important member of the TGF-β family, is a secreted protein that is involved in many biological processes, such as cell growth, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. TGF-β2 had been thought to be functionally identical to TGF-β1; however, an increasing number of recent studies uncovered the distinctive features of TGF-β2 in terms of its expression, activation, and biological functions. Mice deficient in TGF-β2 showed remarkable developmental abnormalities in multiple organs, especially the cardiovascular system. Dysregulation of TGF-β2 signalling was associated with tumorigenesis, eye diseases, cardiovascular diseases, immune disorders, as well as motor system diseases. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the research progress in TGF-β2 to support further research on TGF-β2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Le-Yi Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Cheng-Lin Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.-Y.W.); (W.-J.L.); (L.-Y.W.); (J.L.)
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Guo C, Zhang J, Wang J, Su L, Ning X, Guo Y, Han J, Ma N. Vascular endothelial cell-derived exosomal miR-1246 facilitates posterior capsule opacification development by targeting GSK-3β in diabetes mellitus. Exp Eye Res 2023; 231:109463. [PMID: 37044287 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a serious complication after cataract surgery. Diabetes could increase the occurrence of PCO, but the mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from diabetic aqueous humor in PCO process. Intraoperatively-derived aqueous humor sEVs from patients with diabetic related cataract (DRC) promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis of human lens epithelial cells (LECs). Via mouse PCO surgical model and DiI labeled fluorescence detection of sEVs, the sEVs derived from vascular endothelium were discovered directly contacting with LECs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that high-glucose-cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) -derived sEVs facilitated EMT process of HLE-B3 using co-culture model in vitro. MiRNA-seq data and GEO datasets analysis revealed that miR-1246 was essential in EMT process with diabetes. The miR-1246 was highly expressed in diabetic aqueous humor sEVs and high-glucose-treated vascular-endothelial-cell-derived sEVs. Moreover, miR-1246 promoted the metastasis and EMT process of HLE-B3 cells by directly targeting GSK-3β. Inhibiting miR-1246 could negatively regulated EMT. This finding might serve as a potential therapy for diabetic PCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjun Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Liping Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Xiaona Ning
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Xi'an Purui Eye Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
| | - Nan Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
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Chen X, Yu L, Zhou J, Ren J, Wang S, Tan Y, Ding Y. Inhibition of p62 and/or NFE2L2 induced autophagy impaires esophageal squamous cell cancer metastasis by reversing EMT. Gene 2023; 858:147194. [PMID: 36641074 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) pathogenesis is influenced by both NFE2L2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1), also known as p62. However, while there is evidence that these two proteins can interact with one another in a range of pathological contexts, whether these interactions govern the development or progression of ESCC remains unknown. In the present study, analyses of the GEPIA database revealed the simultaneous upregulation of both NFE2L2 and p62 in ESCC, as was further confirmed through biochemical analyses conducted with a human tumor microarray. Knocking down the expression of one or both of these factors demonstrated that both p62 and NFE2L2 mediate the progression of ESCC, as such downregulation altered the morphological characteristics of these cells and suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Strikingly, these experiments revealed synergistic interactions between NFE2L2 and p62 in the promotion of ESCC invasivity and EMT induction. The treatment of cells with the autophagy inhibitors 3-MA, however, was sufficient to partially reverse the anti-metastatic effects of knocking down p62 and/or NFE2L2. Together, these data illustrate the ability of p62 and NFE2L2 to function in a synergistic manner, promoting ESCC cell metastatic progression and EMT induction through mechanisms linked to autophagic activity. As such, efforts to simultaneously target both of these proteins may represent a viable means of providing new treatment options to ESCC patients.
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Yan H, Yu T, Li J, Zhang T, Li Q, Zhou Y, Liu D. Kartogenin Improves Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Autophagy. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:1278921. [PMID: 36591373 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1278921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kartogenin (KGN), a novel small-molecule compound, has been considered a promising chondrogenic promoter in cartilage regeneration. However, whether KGN also participates in osteogenesis and bone regeneration remains unclear. This research was designed to explore the roles of KGN on osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) as well as determine the possible mechanism of osteogenesis. We revealed that KGN enhanced the osteogenic differentiation capacity of BMMSCs without affecting cell proliferation, during which autophagic activities and the expression of autophagy-related genes were promoted. Moreover, KGN upregulated the phosphorylation level of the Smad1/5/9 signaling, and inhibition and activation of Smad signaling were also applied to validate the involvement of Smad in BMMSCs during KGN treatment. In summary, this study shows that KGN promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs through enhancing autophagic levels and upregulating Smad1/5/9 signaling mechanically.
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Weinberg J, Gaur M, Swaroop A, Taylor A. Proteostasis in aging-associated ocular disease. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 88:101157. [PMID: 36459837 PMCID: PMC9742340 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vision impairment has devastating consequences for the quality of human life. The cells and tissues associated with the visual process must function throughout one's life span and maintain homeostasis despite exposure to a variety of insults. Maintenance of the proteome is termed proteostasis, and is vital for normal cellular functions, especially at an advanced age. Here we describe basic aspects of proteostasis, from protein synthesis and folding to degradation, and discuss the current status of the field with a particular focus on major age-related eye diseases: age-related macular degeneration, cataract, and glaucoma. Our intent is to allow vision scientists to determine where and how to harness the proteostatic machinery for extending functional homeostasis in the aging retina, lens, and trabecular meshwork. Several common themes have emerged despite these tissues having vastly different metabolisms. Continued exposure to insults, including chronic stress with advancing age, increases proteostatic burden and reduces the fidelity of the degradation machineries including the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome systems that recognize and remove damaged proteins. This "double jeopardy" results in an exponential accumulation of cytotoxic proteins with advancing age. We conclude with a discussion of the challenges in maintaining an appropriate balance of protein synthesis and degradation pathways, and suggest that harnessing proteostatic capacities should provide new opportunities to design interventions for attenuating age-related eye diseases before they limit sight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Weinberg
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Mohita Gaur
- Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anand Swaroop
- Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Allen Taylor
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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Zhang D, Zhu H, Yu X, Wang L, Wen Y, Zhang L, Tong J, Shen Y. Blue light attenuates TGF-β2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human lens epithelial cells via autophagy impairment. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:456. [DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pathogenesis of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) was related to pathological epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs). It has been reported that blue light could have an effect on EMT. This study aims to elucidate the role and potential mechanism of autophagy in EMT after blue light exposure in LECs.
Methods
HLE-B3 cells were treated with TGF-β2 with different concentration and time to induce EMT as a model of PCO in vitro. Cells were exposed to blue light with or without TGF-β2. The expression levels of EMT-associated markers were analyzed by qRT-PCR, western blotting and cell migration ability was determined by transwell migration assay and wound healing assay. The expressions of autophagy-related proteins were analyzed by western blotting, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Rapamycin and chloroquine were utilized in cells for autophagy activation and inhibition.
Results
TGF-β2 induced autophagy activation during EMT progression in HLE-B3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Blue light exposure inhibited TGF-β2-induced EMT characterized by inhibited expression of EMT related markers and reduced migration capacity. Meanwhile, blue light exposure impaired autophagy activated by TGF-β2. Furthermore, Autophagy activation with rapamycin rescued EMT attenuated by blue light. Autophagy inhibition with chloroquine reduced TGF-β2-induced EMT in HLE-B3 cells.
Conclusion
Blue light exposure had inhibited effects on TGF-β2-induced EMT in LECs through autophagy impairment, which provides a new insight on prevention and treatment of PCO.
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Cai Y, Liu K, Wu P, Yuan R, He F, Zou J. Association of mTORC1‑dependent circulating protein levels with cataract formation: a mendelian randomization study. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:719. [PMID: 36271348 PMCID: PMC9587558 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signal pathway plays a critical regulating role in the occurrence and development of cataract. However, the role of mTORC1 downstream proteins, including ribosomal protein S6K (RP-S6K), eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein (EIF4EBP), eukaryotic initiation factor 4G (EIF-4G), eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (EIF-4E), and eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (EIF-4A), in regulating cataract development is still unknown. Herein, we conducted a mendelian randomization (MR) study to understand the function of mTORC1 signaling in the process of cataract development. Results The causal estimate was evaluated with inverse-variance weighted (IVW) estimate, weighted median estimator, MR-Egger and MR robust adjusted profile score (MR. RAPS). The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), P<5 × 10− 6 and r2<0.05, were selected to genetically predict the RP-S6K, EIF4EBP, EIF-4E, EIF-4A, and EIF-4G. We included a total of 26,758 cases and 189,604 controls in this MR study. The study revealed causal association between circulating EIF4EBP (OR 1.09, 95% confidence interval 1.03,1.16, P = 0.004), RP-S6K (OR 1.04, 95% confidence interval 1.01, 1.08, P = 0.02) and cataract formation with IVW estimate. Whereas after correcting outliers, MR robust adjusted profile score (MR. RAPS) shows consistent result with IVW for EIF4EBP (OR = 1.08, 95%CI:1.05–1.11, P = 0.007). The observation strengthened the confidence in the true causal associations. However, no association was found for circulating EIF-4E (OR 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.97, 1.09, P = 0.31), EIF-4A (OR 1.02, 95% confidence interval 0.98, 1.07, P = 0.34), and EIF-4G (OR 1.02, 95% confidence interval 0.94, 1.01, P = 0.64) levels with cataract formation. No evidence of heterogeneity and unbalanced horizontal pleiotropy was detected. Conclusion The MR study suggests that EIF4EBP is a high-risk factor for cataract development. There may be a potential causal association between the mTORC1/EIF4EBP axis and cataract. This research highlights the potential mechanism for cataract development and a genetic target to prevent as well as treat cataracts. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08925-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Cai
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kangcheng Liu
- Jiangxi Clinical Research center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruolan Yuan
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fei He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Zou
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Lu A, Duan P, Xie J, Gao H, Chen M, Gong Y, Li J, Xu H. Recent progress and research trend of anti-cataract pharmacology therapy: A bibliometric analysis and literature review. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 934:175299. [PMID: 36181780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation causes great burden to global healthcare, especially for low- and middle-income countries. Such burden would be significantly relieved if cataracts can effectively be treated or delayed by non-surgical means. Excitingly, novel drugs have been developed to treat cataracts in recent decades. For example, oxysterols are found to be able to innovatively reverse lens clouding, novel nanotechnology-loaded drugs improve anti-cataract pharmacological effect, and traditional Chinese medicine demonstrates promising therapeutic effects against cataracts. In the present review, we performed bibliometric analysis to provide an overview perspective regarding the research status, hot topics, and academic trends in the field of anti-cataract pharmacology therapy. We further reviewed the curative effects and molecular mechanisms of anti-cataract drugs such as lanosterol, metformin, resveratrol and curcumin, and prospected the possibility of their clinical application in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Lu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Duan
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.
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11
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Setlai BP, Hull R, Reis RM, Agbor C, Ambele MA, Mulaudzi TV, Dlamini Z. MicroRNA Interrelated Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Glioblastoma. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020244. [PMID: 35205289 PMCID: PMC8872331 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that are 20–23 nucleotides in length, functioning as regulators of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. They are molecular modulators that regulate gene expression by suppressing gene translation through gene silencing/degradation, or by promoting translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Circulating miRNAs have attracted attention as possible prognostic markers of cancer, which could aid in the early detection of the disease. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in tumorigenic processes, primarily by promoting tumor invasiveness and metastatic activity; this is a process that could be manipulated to halt or prevent brain metastasis. Studies show that miRNAs influence the function of EMT in glioblastomas. Thus, miRNA-related EMT can be exploited as a potential therapeutic target in glioblastomas. This review points out the interrelation between miRNA and EMT signatures, and how they can be used as reliable molecular signatures for diagnostic purposes or targeted therapy in glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botle Precious Setlai
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa; (C.A.); (T.V.M.)
- Correspondence: (B.P.S.); (Z.D.)
| | - Rodney Hull
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (R.H.); (R.M.R.)
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (R.H.); (R.M.R.)
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cyril Agbor
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa; (C.A.); (T.V.M.)
| | - Melvin Anyasi Ambele
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, P.O. Box 1266, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa; (C.A.); (T.V.M.)
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (R.H.); (R.M.R.)
- Correspondence: (B.P.S.); (Z.D.)
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12
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Gui Z, Suo C, Tao J, Wang Z, Zheng M, Fei S, Chen H, Sun L, Han Z, Ju X, Zhang H, Gu M, Tan R. Everolimus Alleviates Renal Allograft Interstitial Fibrosis by Inhibiting Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Not Only via Inducing Autophagy but Also via Stabilizing IκB-α. Front Immunol 2022; 12:753412. [PMID: 35140705 PMCID: PMC8818677 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.753412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD) is the major cause of late graft loss in long-term renal transplantation. In our previous study, we found that epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a significant event in the progression of renal allograft tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and impaired autophagic flux plays a critical role in renal allograft fibrosis. Everolimus (EVR) has been reported to be widely used to prevent the progression of organ fibrosis and graft rejection. However, the pharmacological mechanism of EVR in kidney transplantation remains to be determined. We used CAD rat model and the human kidney 2 (HK2) cell line treated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and EVR to examine the role of EVR on TNF-α-induced EMT and transplanted renal interstitial fibrosis. Here, we found that EVR could attenuate the progression of EMT and renal allograft interstitial fibrosis, and also activate autophagy in vivo. To explore the mechanism behind it, we detected the relationship among EVR, autophagy level, and TNF-α-induced EMT in HK2 cells. Our results showed that autophagy was upregulated upon mTOR pathway inhibition by EVR, which could significantly reduce expression of TNF-α-induced EMT. However, the inhibition of EVR on TNF-α-induced EMT was partly reversed following the addition of autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. In addition, we found that TNF-α activated EMT through protein kinase B (Akt) as well as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway according to the RNA sequencing, and EVR’s effect on the EMT was only associated with IκB-α stabilization instead of the Akt pathway. Together, our findings suggest that EVR may retard impaired autophagic flux and block NF-κB pathway activation, and thereby prevent progression of TNF-α-induced EMT and renal allograft interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Gui
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanjian Suo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Fei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijian Han
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Ju
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengcheng Zhang
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Ruoyun Tan, ; Min Gu, ; Hengcheng Zhang,
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ruoyun Tan, ; Min Gu, ; Hengcheng Zhang,
| | - Ruoyun Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ruoyun Tan, ; Min Gu, ; Hengcheng Zhang,
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13
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Pavel M, Tanasa R, Park SJ, Rubinsztein DC. The complexity of biological control systems: An autophagy case study. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2100224. [PMID: 35032045 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy and YAP1-WWTR1/TAZ signalling are tightly linked in a complex control system of forward and feedback pathways which determine different cellular outcomes in differing cell types at different time-points after perturbations. Here we extend our previous experimental and modelling approaches to consider two possibilities. First, we have performed additional mathematical modelling to explore how the autophagy-YAP1 crosstalk may be controlled by posttranslational modifications of components of the pathways. Second, since analogous contrasting results have also been reported for autophagy as a regulator of other transduction pathways engaged in tumorigenesis (Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β/Smads, NF-kB or XIAP/cIAPs), we have considered if such discrepancies may be explicable through situations involving competing pathways and feedback loops in different cell types, analogous to the autophagy-YAP/TAZ situation. Since distinct posttranslational modifications dominate those pathways in distinct cells, these need to be understood to enable appropriate cell type-specific therapeutic strategies for cancers and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pavel
- Department of Immunology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Tanasa
- Department of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - So Jung Park
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge, UK
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14
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Sun J, Li Y, Yang X, Dong W, Yang J, Hu Q, Zhang C, Fang H, Liu A. Growth differentiation factor 11 accelerates liver senescence through the inhibition of autophagy. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13532. [PMID: 34905649 PMCID: PMC8761011 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The “rejuvenating” effect of growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is called into question recently, and its role, as well as plausible signaling mechanisms in liver senescence, is unclear. To overexpress or knockdown GDF11, aged male mice are injected with a single dose of adeno‐associated viruses‐GDF11 or adenovirus‐small hairpin RNA‐GDF11, respectively. GDF11 overexpression significantly accelerates liver senescence in aged mice, whereas GDF11 knockdown has opposite effects. Concomitantly, autophagic flux is impaired in livers from GDF11 overexpression mice. Conversely, GDF11 knockdown increases autophagic flux. Moreover, rapamycin successfully restores the impaired autophagic flux and alleviates liver senescence in GDF11 overexpression mice, while the GDF11 knockdown‐mediated benefits are abolished by the autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1. GDF11 leads to a drop in lysosomal biogenesis resulting in defective autophagic flux at autophagosome clearance step. Mechanistically, GDF11 significantly activates mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and subsequently represses transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy. Inhibition of mTORC1 or TFEB overexpression rescues the GDF11‐impaired autophagic flux and cellular senescence. Hepatocyte‐specific deletion of GDF11 does not alter serum GDF11 levels and liver senescence. Collectively, suppression of autophagic activity via mTORC1/TFEB signaling may be a critical molecular mechanism by which GDF11 exacerbates liver senescence. Rather than a “rejuvenating” agent, GDF11 may have a detrimental effect on liver senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Department of Biliopancreatic Surgery Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Ying Li
- Experimental Medicine Center Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Experimental Medicine Center Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Wei Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary Diseases Hubei Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery Wuhan, Hubei China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation,Ministry of Education;NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Jiankun Yang
- Experimental Medicine Center Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Geriatrics Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei China
| | - Haoshu Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology Anhui Medical University Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Anding Liu
- Experimental Medicine Center Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei China
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15
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Santarosa M, Maestro R. The Autophagic Route of E-Cadherin and Cell Adhesion Molecules in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6328. [PMID: 34944948 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A hallmark of carcinoma progression is the loss of epithelial integrity. In this context, the deregulation of adhesion molecules, such as E-cadherin, affects epithelial structures and associates with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). This, in turn, fosters cancer progression. Autophagy endows cancer cells with the ability to overcome intracellular and environmental stress stimuli, such as anoikis, nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, and drugs. Furthermore, it plays an important role in the degradation of cell adhesion proteins and in EMT. This review focuses on the interplay between the turnover of adhesion molecules, primarily E-cadherin, and autophagy in cancer progression. Abstract Cell-to-cell adhesion is a key element in epithelial tissue integrity and homeostasis during embryogenesis, response to damage, and differentiation. Loss of cell adhesion and gain of mesenchymal features, a phenomenon known as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), are essential steps in cancer progression. Interestingly, downregulation or degradation by endocytosis of epithelial adhesion molecules (e.g., E-cadherin) associates with EMT and promotes cell migration. Autophagy is a physiological intracellular degradation and recycling process. In cancer, it is thought to exert a tumor suppressive role in the early phases of cell transformation but, once cells have gained a fully transformed phenotype, autophagy may fuel malignant progression by promoting EMT and conferring drug resistance. In this review, we discuss the crosstalk between autophagy, EMT, and turnover of epithelial cell adhesion molecules, with particular attention to E-cadherin.
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Lyon H, Yin N, Rupenthal ID, Green CR, Mugisho OO. Blocking connexin43 hemichannels prevents TGF-β2 upregulation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:323-330. [PMID: 34719065 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurs when polarised epithelial cells change to a mesenchymal phenotype. EMT plays a role in several chronic conditions, including ocular diseases with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) EMT associated with retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). Here, EMT results in breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) leading to sub-retinal fluid deposition and retinal detachment. Previous studies have shown that blocking connexin43 (Cx43) hemichannels can protect against RPE BRB breakdown, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. To determine whether open Cx43 hemichannels may enable EMT of RPE cells and thus result in BRB breakdown, ARPE-19 cells were either challenged with high glucose plus the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α (HG + Cyt) to simulate DR or treated with the Cx43 hemichannel blocker tonabersat alongside the HG + Cyt challenge. HG + Cyt induced a morphological change in RPE cells to a fibroblastic phenotype with a corresponding decrease in epithelial zonular occludens-1 and an increase in the fibroblastic marker α-SMA. The HG + Cyt challenge also induced loss of transepithelial electrical resistance while increasing dye passage between RPE cells. All of these changes were significantly reduced with tonabersat treatment, which also prevented HG + Cyt-induced transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) release. In conclusion, Cx43 hemichannel block with tonabersat attenuated both TGF-β2 release and RPE EMT under disease-mimicking conditions, offering the potential to ameliorate the progression of EMT-associated retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Lyon
- Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Naibo Yin
- Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ilva D Rupenthal
- Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Colin R Green
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Odunayo O Mugisho
- Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Wang Y, Wu Z, Huang Y, Zhang Y. Hsa_circ_0004058 inhibits apoptosis of SRA01/04 cells by promoting autophagy via miR-186/ATG7 axis. Exp Eye Res 2021; 211:108721. [PMID: 34375588 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Senile cataract is a common age-related disease in ophthalmology. Hsa_circ_0004058 has been reported to be down-regulated in the lens epithelial cells of senile cataract patients, suggesting that hsa_circ_0004058 is associated with senile cataract. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. This study attempted to determine the functional role of hsa_circ_0004058 in senile cataract. We treated human lens epithelial cells (SRA01/04) with H2O2 as senile cataract model, and found that cell viability and autophagy of SRA01/04 cells were severely decreased by H2O2 treatment. Hsa_circ_0004058 was notably down-regulated in H2O2-treated SRA01/04 cells. Moreover, hsa_circ_0004058 overexpression reduced apoptotic cells and the expression of Cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax, and enhanced Bcl-2 expression in H2O2-treated SRA01/04 cells. However, hsa_circ_0004058 silencing caused the opposite results. Hsa_circ_0004058 up-regulation accelerated the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin-1 in H2O2-treated SRA01/04 cells, which was partly abolished by 3-Methyladenine (autophagy inhibitor). Additionally, hsa_circ_0004058 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA to competitive binding miR-186, and thus accelerated the expression of its down-stream target, ATG7. Hsa_circ_0004058 promoted autophagy of SRA01/04 cells by regulating miR-186/ATG7 axis. In conclusion, these data demonstrates that hsa_circ_0004058 inhibits apoptosis of SRA01/04 cells by promoting autophagy, which attributes to regulate miR-186/ATG7 axis. Thus, hsa_circ_0004058 may be a potential target for senile cataract treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, No 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
| | - Zhong Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, No 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Yalin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, No 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, No 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
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