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Soulat J, Monteils V, Picard B. Effects of Rearing Management Applied throughout the Charolais Young Bulls' Life on Carcass and Meat Quality. Foods 2022; 11:2878. [PMID: 36141003 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study, for the first time, the effects of the rearing management (from birth to slaughter) applied throughout the life of young bulls on carcass and meat quality. Five rearing managements were defined statistically, from a combination of 30 rearing factors, using a hierarchical clustering on principal components. This study considered the individual data of 179 Charolais young bulls from commercial farms. The carcass traits were more sensitive to rearing management than the meat traits. Rearing management had an effect mainly on fat and overall meat grain for the carcass, and on color and tenderness for the longissimus meat. However, it was possible to produce carcass and/or meat with similar properties from different rearing managements. Among the five rearing managements defined in this study, two were identified as allowing the best trade-off to produce simultaneously high carcass and meat quality. The first management was characterized by absence of growth period and a short fattening duration, with a wrapped haylage or corn silage-based diet. The second management was characterized by short pre-weaning and growth periods, and a long fattening period.
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Marques GM, Teixeira CM, Sousa T, Morais TG, Teixeira RF, Domingos T. Minimizing direct greenhouse gas emissions in livestock production: The need for a metabolic theory. Ecol Modell 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Li X, Fu X, Yang G, Du M. Review: Enhancing intramuscular fat development via targeting fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells in meat animals. Animal 2020; 14:312-21. [PMID: 31581971 DOI: 10.1017/S175173111900209X] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the livestock industry, subcutaneous and visceral fat pads are considered as wastes, while intramuscular fat or marbling fat is essential for improving flavor and palatability of meat. Thus, strategies for optimizing fat deposition are needed. Intramuscular adipocytes provide sites for lipid deposition and marbling formation. In the present article, we addressed the origin and markers of intramuscular adipocyte progenitors - fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), as well as the latest progresses in mechanisms regulating the proliferation and differentiation of intramuscular FAPs. Finally, by targeting intramuscular FAPs, possible nutritional manipulations to improve marbling fat deposition are discussed. Despite recent progresses, the properties and regulation of intramuscular FAPs in livestock remain poorly understood and deserve further investigation.
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Soulat J, Monteils V, Léger S, Picard B. Identification of key rearing factors to manage cattle carcass fatness and conformation scores during the fattening period. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2019.1632750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Soulat
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRA, VetAgro-Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Valérie Monteils
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRA, VetAgro-Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Stéphanie Léger
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Blaise Pascal University, Laboratoire de Mathématiques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6620, Laboratoire de Mathématiques, Aubière, France
| | - Brigitte Picard
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRA, VetAgro-Sup, UMR Herbivores, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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Gui LS, Raza SHA, Sun YG, Khan R, Ullah I, Han YC. Detection of polymorphisms in the promoter of bovine SIRT1 gene and their effects on intramuscular fat content in Chinese indigenous cattle. Gene 2019; 700:47-51. [PMID: 30902782 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat content (IMF) is one of the most significant factors for meat quality affecting tenderness, flavor, and juiciness of meat. For this reason, we aimed to investigate the association of SIRT1 gene polymorphisms with intramuscular fat content in Chinese Qinchuan cattle (Bos taurus). Using DNA sequencing, three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the promoter regions of SIRT1 gene were identified in 535 Qinchuan cattle, and the five haplotypes representing five potential different compositions of polymorphic potential cis-acting elements. Results indicated that both c.-107 G>A and c.-274 A>G were significantly associated with intramuscular fat content in Qinchuan cattle, and Hap5/5 diplotype showed higher (P < 0.05) intramuscular fat content than other combinations (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In addition, the Hap5 haplotype had much lower (P < 0.05) transcriptional activity, consistent with the association analysis. Based on our results, the polymorphisms in transcription factor binding sites of SIRT1 gene promoter may affect the transcriptional activity of SIRT1 gene, and thus alter intramuscular fat content in beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Sheng Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, People's Republic of China; College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Yong-Gang Sun
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Rajwali Khan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Irfan Ullah
- College of Bio-medical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yin-Cang Han
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, People's Republic of China.
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Song S, Wu J, Zhao S, Casper DP, Zhang L, He B, Lang X, Wang C, Gong X, Wang F, Liu L. The effect of periodic energy restriction on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, and meat quality in sheep. J Anim Sci 2019; 96:4251-4263. [PMID: 30247690 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy is a key factor regulated by the neuroendocrine system. The objective of this study was to compare growth performance, serum biochemical indices, carcass traits, meat quality, and nutrient composition of lambs fed restricted metabolizable energy (ME) intakes to mimic the seasonal changes of the natural grasslands of northwest China. Nineteen male Dorper × Small Tailed Han lambs were assigned to treatments, control (CON) fed at 1.0 MJ/W0.75 × d-1 throughout the 180 d study, and restricted ME (RES) fed by sequentially restricting ME every 30 d (0.56, 0.84, 1.0, 0.84, 0.56, and 0.28 MJ/W0.75 × d-1). Lambs were harvested at the end of the study. Lambs fed the CON diet demonstrated higher (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) compared with RES-fed lambs (158.79 and 57.01 g/d, for CON and RES, respectively), although ADG were lower in each period with the last period being a negative ADG for RES-fed lambs resulting in a loss of body weight. Both treatments demonstrated lower ADG in the last 3 study periods compared with the first 2 periods, which may be explained by cold stress (<-3 °C) increasing the lamb's energy requirement. Feeding lambs a restricted ME diet resulted in lower (P < 0.05) blood serum glucose, triglycerides, total protein, calcium, phosphorus, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, and immunoglobulin A concentrations compared with CON-fed lambs, but both treatments were similar (P > 0.05) for cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Feeding lambs a restricted ME diet increased (P < 0.05) meat pH, while reducing the cooked meat rate compared with CON-fed lambs. Thus, the carcass yield, rib eye muscle area, and shear force were lower (P < 0.05) for RES-fed lambs compared with CON-fed lambs. The meat water concentration was higher (P < 0.05), whereas the concentrations of dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, and carbohydrate were lower (P < 0.05) for lambs fed a RES ME diet compared to CON-fed lambs. These results demonstrate that sequentially restricting ME intake, as natural grasslands might experience during seasonal forage quality and quantity changes, resulted in a reduction of body weight because lambs were mobilizing body reserves as a source of ME. The reduction in concentrations of key serum nutrients, as well as carcass traits and meat composition, demonstrate the body is responding to the meet the lambs ME requirements, which has implications for both meat quality and the animal's physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Song
- Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agricultural Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agricultural Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu People's Republic of China
| | | | - Liping Zhang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu People's Republic of China
| | - Bin He
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Lang
- Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agricultural Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cailian Wang
- Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agricultural Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyin Gong
- Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agricultural Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agricultural Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishan Liu
- Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agricultural Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
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Park SJ, Beak SH, Jung DJS, Kim SY, Jeong IH, Piao MY, Kang HJ, Fassah DM, Na SW, Yoo SP, Baik M. Genetic, management, and nutritional factors affecting intramuscular fat deposition in beef cattle - A review. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2018; 31:1043-1061. [PMID: 29879830 PMCID: PMC6039335 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content in skeletal muscle including the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM), also known as marbling fat, is one of the most important factors determining beef quality in several countries including Korea, Japan, Australia, and the United States. Genetics and breed, management, and nutrition affect IMF deposition. Japanese Black cattle breed has the highest IMF content in the world, and Korean cattle (also called Hanwoo) the second highest. Here, we review results of research on genetic factors (breed and sex differences and heritability) that affect IMF deposition. Cattle management factors are also important for IMF deposition. Castration of bulls increases IMF deposition in most cattle breeds. The effects of several management factors, including weaning age, castration, slaughter weight and age, and environmental conditions on IMF deposition are also reviewed. Nutritional factors, including fat metabolism, digestion and absorption of feed, glucose/starch availability, and vitamin A, D, and C levels are important for IMF deposition. Manipulating IMF deposition through developmental programming via metabolic imprinting is a recently proposed nutritional method to change potential IMF deposition during the fetal and neonatal periods in rodents and domestic animals. Application of fetal nutritional programming to increase IMF deposition of progeny in later life is reviewed. The coordination of several factors affects IMF deposition. Thus, a combination of several strategies may be needed to manipulate IMF deposition, depending on the consumer’s beef preference. In particular, stage-specific feeding programs with concentrate-based diets developed by Japan and Korea are described in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ju Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seok-Hyeon Beak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Da Jin Sol Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sang Yeob Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - In Hyuk Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Min Yu Piao
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyeok Joong Kang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dilla Mareistia Fassah
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sang Weon Na
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seon Pil Yoo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Myunggi Baik
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Institutes of Green Bio Science Technology, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
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Horcada A, Polvillo O, Juárez M, Avilés C, Martínez A, Peña F. Influence of feeding system (concentrate and total mixed ration) on fatty acid profiles of beef from three lean cattle breeds. J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Muhlisin, Song CS, Rhee YJ, Song YH, Lee SK. Effects of Direct-fed Microbial and Pine Cone Extract on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle). Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2016; 29:722-30. [PMID: 26954123 PMCID: PMC4852236 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The carcass traits and meat quality of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) whose diets were supplemented with direct-fed microbial (DFM) and pine cone extract (PCE) were evaluated. Twenty head of Hanwoo steers were divided equally into four groups and for a period of 6 months were given different diets: One group was fed a basal diet as control (CON), the other three groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with DFM-1%, DFM+PCE-1% and DFM+PEC-3%, respectively. DFM+PCE3% diet resulted the lowest carcass quality grade. The loins of DFM-1% contained higher moisture and lower fat than did the loins from the CON group. The crude protein content of DFM+PCE-3% group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. The water holding capacity and Warner-Bratzler shear force of the DFM+PCE-1% and 3% groups were lower than those of the CON and DFM-1% groups. The DFM-1% and 3% groups contained lower saturated fatty acid, higher unsaturated fatty acid, mono-unsaturated fatty acid, and poly-unsaturated fatty acid than did CON and DFM+PCE 1% group. Moreover, the n6:n3 ratios of DFM-1% and DFM+PCE-1% and 3% groups were slightly lower than that of the CON group. Thus we concluded that DFM and PCE supplementation resulted healthier Hanwoo beef with lower fat content and n6:n3 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhlisin
- Animal Products and Food Science Program, Division of Animal Applied Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.,Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Chang Soo Song
- Gapyeong Agriculture Technology Center, Gapyeong 12409, Korea
| | | | - Young Han Song
- Animal Science Program, Division of Animal Resource Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Animal Products and Food Science Program, Division of Animal Applied Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
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Mialon MM, Renand G, Ortigues-Marty I, Bauchart D, Hocquette JF, Mounier L, Noël T, Micol D, Doreau M. Fattening performance, metabolic indicators, and muscle composition of bulls fed fiber-rich versus starch-plus-lipid-rich concentrate diets1. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:319-33. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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da Costa ASH, Pires VMR, Fontes CMGA, Mestre Prates JA. Expression of genes controlling fat deposition in two genetically diverse beef cattle breeds fed high or low silage diets. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:118. [PMID: 23767408 PMCID: PMC3691746 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Both genetic background and finishing system can alter fat deposition, thus indicating their influence on adipogenic and lipogenic factors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying fat deposition and fatty acid composition in beef cattle are not fully understood. This study aimed to assess the effect of breed and dietary silage level on the expression patterns of key genes controlling lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle of cattle. To that purpose, forty bulls from two genetically diverse Portuguese bovine breeds with distinct maturity rates, Alentejana and Barrosã, were selected and fed either low (30% maize silage/70% concentrate) or high silage (70% maize silage/30% concentrate) diets. Results The results suggested that enhanced deposition of fatty acids in the SAT from Barrosã bulls, when compared to Alentejana, could be due to higher expression levels of lipogenesis (SCD and LPL) and β-oxidation (CRAT) related genes. Our results also indicated that SREBF1 expression in the SAT is increased by feeding the low silage diet. Together, these results point out to a higher lipid turnover in the SAT of Barrosã bulls when compared to Alentejana. In turn, lipid deposition in the LL muscle is related to the expression of adipogenic (PPARG and FABP4) and lipogenic (ACACA and SCD) genes. The positive correlation between ACACA expression levels and total lipids, as well trans fatty acids, points to ACACA as a major player in intramuscular deposition in ruminants. Moreover, results reinforce the role of FABP4 in intramuscular fat development and the SAT as the major site for lipid metabolism in ruminants. Conclusions Overall, the results showed that SAT and LL muscle fatty acid composition are mostly dependent on the genetic background. In addition, dietary silage level impacted on muscle lipid metabolism to a greater extent than on that of SAT, as evaluated by gene expression levels of adipogenic and lipogenic factors. Moreover, the response to diet composition evaluated through mRNA levels and fatty acid composition showed interesting differences between Alentejana and Barrosã bulls. These findings provide evidence that the genetic background should be taken into account while devising diet-based strategies to manipulate fatty acid composition of beef cattle tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Henriques da Costa
- Secção de Bioquímica, CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av, da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Lisboa 1300-477, Portugal
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