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Tian Y, Tan C, Tan J, Yang L, Tang Y. Top-down modulation of DLPFC in visual search: a study based on fMRI and TMS. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad540. [PMID: 38212289 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective visual search is essential for daily life, and attention orientation as well as inhibition of return play a significant role in visual search. Researches have established the involvement of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in cognitive control during selective attention. However, neural evidence regarding dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates inhibition of return in visual search is still insufficient. In this study, we employed event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic causal modeling to develop modulation models for two types of visual search tasks. In the region of interest analyses, we found that the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and temporoparietal junction were selectively activated in the main effect of search type. Dynamic causal modeling results indicated that temporoparietal junction received sensory inputs and only dorsolateral prefrontal cortex →temporoparietal junction connection was modulated in serial search. Such neural modulation presents a significant positive correlation with behavioral reaction time. Furthermore, theta burst stimulation via transcranial magnetic stimulation was utilized to modulate the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region, resulting in the disappearance of the inhibition of return effect during serial search after receiving continuous theta burst stimulation. Our findings provide a new line of causal evidence that the top-down modulation by dorsolateral prefrontal cortex influences the inhibition of return effect during serial search possibly through the retention of inhibitory tagging via working memory storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Tian
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China
| | - Congming Tan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Jianling Tan
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- Department of Medical Engineering, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, ChongQing 400065, China
| | - Yi Tang
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
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Baltaretu BR, Stevens WD, Freud E, Crawford JD. Occipital and parietal cortex participate in a cortical network for transsaccadic discrimination of object shape and orientation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11628. [PMID: 37468709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38554-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Saccades change eye position and interrupt vision several times per second, necessitating neural mechanisms for continuous perception of object identity, orientation, and location. Neuroimaging studies suggest that occipital and parietal cortex play complementary roles for transsaccadic perception of intrinsic versus extrinsic spatial properties, e.g., dorsomedial occipital cortex (cuneus) is sensitive to changes in spatial frequency, whereas the supramarginal gyrus (SMG) is modulated by changes in object orientation. Based on this, we hypothesized that both structures would be recruited to simultaneously monitor object identity and orientation across saccades. To test this, we merged two previous neuroimaging protocols: 21 participants viewed a 2D object and then, after sustained fixation or a saccade, judged whether the shape or orientation of the re-presented object changed. We, then, performed a bilateral region-of-interest analysis on identified cuneus and SMG sites. As hypothesized, cuneus showed both saccade and feature (i.e., object orientation vs. shape change) modulations, and right SMG showed saccade-feature interactions. Further, the cuneus activity time course correlated with several other cortical saccade/visual areas, suggesting a 'functional network' for feature discrimination. These results confirm the involvement of occipital/parietal cortex in transsaccadic vision and support complementary roles in spatial versus identity updating.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Baltaretu
- Centre for Vision Research and Vision: Science to Applications (VISTA) Program, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Otto-Behaghel-Strasse 10F, 35394, Giessen, Hesse, Germany.
| | - W Dale Stevens
- Centre for Vision Research and Vision: Science to Applications (VISTA) Program, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - E Freud
- Centre for Vision Research and Vision: Science to Applications (VISTA) Program, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - J D Crawford
- Centre for Vision Research and Vision: Science to Applications (VISTA) Program, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
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Moussaoui S, Pereira CF, Niemeier M. Working memory in action: Transsaccadic working memory deficits in the left visual field and after transcallosal remapping. Cortex 2023; 159:26-38. [PMID: 36608419 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Every waking second, we make three saccadic eye movements that move our retinal images. Thus, to attain a coherent image of the world we need to remember visuo-spatial information across saccades. But transsaccadic working memory (tWM) remains poorly understood. Crucially, there has been a debate whether there are any differences in tWM for the left vs. right visual field and depending on saccade direction. However, previous studies have probed tWM with minimal loads whereas spatial differences might arise with higher loads. Here we employed a task that probed higher memory load for spatial information in the left and right visual field and with horizontal as well as vertical saccades. We captured several measures of precision and accuracy of performance that, when submitted to principal component analysis, produced two components. Component 1, mainly associated with precision, yielded greater error for the left than the right visual field. Component 2 was associated with performance accuracy and unexpectedly produced a disadvantage after rightward saccades. Both components showed that performance was worse when rightward or leftward saccades afforded a shift of memory representations between visual fields compared to remapping within the same field. Our study offers several novel findings. It is the first to show that tWM involves at least two components likely reflecting working memory capacity and strategic aspects of working memory, respectively. Reduced capacity for the left, rather than the right visual field is consistent with how the left and right visual fields are known to be represented in the two hemispheres. Remapping difficulties between visual fields is consistent with the limited information transfer across the corpus callosum. Finally, the impact of rightward saccades on working memory might be due to greater interference of the accompanying shifts of attention. Our results highlight the dynamic nature of transsaccadic working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simar Moussaoui
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christina F Pereira
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matthias Niemeier
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada; Vision Science to Applications (VISTA) Program, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Dunkley BT, Baltaretu B, Crawford JD. Trans-saccadic interactions in human parietal and occipital cortex during the retention and comparison of object orientation. Cortex 2016; 82:263-276. [PMID: 27424061 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The cortical sites for the trans-saccadic storage and integration of visual object features are unknown. Here, we used a variant of fMRI-Adaptation where subjects fixated to the left or right of a briefly presented visual grating, maintained fixation or saccaded to the opposite side, then judged whether a re-presented grating had the same or different orientation. fMRI analysis revealed trans-saccadic interactions (different > same orientation) in a visual field-insensitive cluster within right supramarginal gyrus. This cluster was located at the anterolateral pole of the parietal eye field (identified in a localizer task). We also observed gaze centered, field-specific interactions (same > different orientation) in an extrastriate cluster overlapping with putative 'V4'. Based on these data and our literature review, we conclude that these supramarginal and extrastriate areas are involved in the retention, spatial updating, and evaluation of object orientation information across saccades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Dunkley
- York Centre for Vision Research and Canadian Action and Perception Network, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bianca Baltaretu
- York Centre for Vision Research and Canadian Action and Perception Network, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biology, Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program and NSERC Brain in Action CREATE Program, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Douglas Crawford
- York Centre for Vision Research and Canadian Action and Perception Network, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biology, Neuroscience Graduate Diploma Program and NSERC Brain in Action CREATE Program, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Psychology, and Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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