1
|
Zhang N, Zhou H, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Yu F, Gui L, Zhang Q, Lu Y. Liraglutide promotes UCP1 expression and lipolysis of adipocytes by promoting the secretion of irisin from skeletal muscle cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 588:112225. [PMID: 38570133 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Although Liraglutide (Lira) increases serum irisin levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it is unclear whether it induces expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) of adipocytes via promoting irisin secretion from skeletal muscle. Male T2DM rats were treated with 0.4 mg/kg/d Lira twice a day for 8 weeks, and the protein expression of phosphorylated AMP kinase (p-AMPK), phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (p-ACC1) and UCP1 in white adipose tissues were detected. Differentiated C2C12 cells were treated with palmitic acid (PA) and Lira to detect the secretion of irisin. Differentiated 3T3-L1 cells were treated with irisin, supernatant from Lira-treated C2C12 cells, Compound C or siAMPKα1, the triglyceride (TG) content and the related gene expression were measured. The transcriptome in irisin-treated differentiated 3T3-L1 cells was analyzed. Lira elevated serum irisin levels, decreased the adipocyte size and increased the protein expression of UCP1, p-AMPK and p-ACC1 in WAT. Moreover, it promoted the expression of PGC1α and FNDC5, the secretion of irisin in PA-treated differentiated C2C12 cells. The irisin and supernatant decreased TG synthesis and promoted the expression of browning- and lipolysis-related genes in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. While Compound C and siAMPKα1 blocked AMPK activities and expression, irisin partly reversed the pathway. Finally, the transcriptome analysis indicated that differently expressed genes are mainly involved in browning and lipid metabolism. Overall, our findings showed that Lira modulated muscle-to-adipose signaling pathways in diabetes via irisin-mediated AMPKα/ACC1/UCP1/PPARα pathway. Our results suggest a new mechanism for the treatment of T2DM by Lira.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yijing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fangmei Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Gui
- The Comprehensive Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Yunxia Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Comprehensive Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grannes H, Ueland T, Simeone P, Liani R, Guagnano MT, Aukrust P, Michelsen AE, Birkeland K, di Castelnuovo A, Cipollone F, Consoli A, Halvorsen B, Gregersen I, Santilli F. Liraglutide and not lifestyle intervention reduces soluble CD163 after comparable weight loss in obese participants with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:146. [PMID: 38685051 PMCID: PMC11059692 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide is used to treat hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes but is also known to induce weight loss, preserve the beta cell and reduce cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms underlying these effects are however still not completely known. Herein we explore the effect of liraglutide on markers of immune cell activity in a population of obese individuals with prediabetes or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHOD Plasma levels of the monocyte/macrophage markers, soluble (s)CD163 and sCD14, the neutrophil markers myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL),the T-cell markers sCD25 and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin domain-3 (sTIM-3) and the inflammatory marker TNF superfamily (TNFSF) member 14 (LIGHT/TNFSF14) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in obese individuals with prediabetes or diabetes diagnosed within the last 12 months, prior to and after comparable weight loss achieved with lifestyle changes (n = 20) or liraglutide treatment (n = 20), and in healthy subjects (n = 13). RESULTS At baseline, plasma levels of the macrophage marker sCD163, and the inflammatory marker LIGHT were higher in cases as compared to controls. Plasma levels of sCD14, NGAL, sTIM-3 and sCD25 did not differ at baseline between patients and controls. After weight reduction following lifestyle intervention or liraglutide treatment, sCD163 decreased significantly in the liraglutide group vs. lifestyle (between-group difference p = 0.023, adjusted for visceral adipose tissue and triglycerides basal values). MPO and LIGHT decreased significantly only in the liraglutide group (between group difference not significant). Plasma levels of MPO and in particular sCD163 correlated with markers of metabolic dysfunction and inflammation. After weight loss, only sCD163 showed a trend for decreased levels during OGTT, both in the whole cohort as in those of liraglutide vs lifestyle group. CONCLUSION Weight loss following treatment with liraglutide was associated with reduced circulating levels of sCD163 when compared to the same extent of weight loss after lifestyle changes. This might contribute to reduced cardiometabolic risk in individuals receiving treatment with liraglutide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helene Grannes
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Paola Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossella Liani
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Guagnano
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika E Michelsen
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kåre Birkeland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Francesco Cipollone
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Agostino Consoli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida Gregersen
- Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Domingo E, Marques P, Francisco V, Piqueras L, Sanz MJ. Targeting systemic inflammation in metabolic disorders. A therapeutic candidate for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases? Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107058. [PMID: 38218355 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. While many factors can contribute to CVD, atherosclerosis is the cardinal underlying pathology, and its development is associated with several metabolic risk factors including dyslipidemia and obesity. Recent studies have definitively demonstrated a link between low-grade systemic inflammation and two relevant metabolic abnormalities: hypercholesterolemia and obesity. Interestingly, both metabolic disorders are also associated with endothelial dysfunction/activation, a proinflammatory and prothrombotic phenotype of the endothelium that involves leukocyte infiltration into the arterial wall, one of the earliest stages of atherogenesis. This article reviews the current literature on the intricate relationship between hypercholesterolemia and obesity and the associated systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, and discusses the effectiveness of present, emerging and in-development pharmacological therapies used to treat these metabolic disorders with a focus on their effects on the associated systemic inflammatory state and cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Domingo
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patrice Marques
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vera Francisco
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Piqueras
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Spain.
| | - Maria-Jesus Sanz
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lisco G, Disoteo OE, De Tullio A, De Geronimo V, Giagulli VA, Monzani F, Jirillo E, Cozzi R, Guastamacchia E, De Pergola G, Triggiani V. Sarcopenia and Diabetes: A Detrimental Liaison of Advancing Age. Nutrients 2023; 16:63. [PMID: 38201893 PMCID: PMC10780932 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related clinical complaint characterized by the progressive deterioration of skeletal muscle mass and strength over time. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with faster and more relevant skeletal muscle impairment. Both conditions influence each other, leading to negative consequences on glycemic control, cardiovascular risk, general health status, risk of falls, frailty, overall quality of life, and mortality. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for research articles, scientific reports, observational studies, clinical trials, narrative and systematic reviews, and meta-analyses to review the evidence on the pathophysiology of di-abetes-induced sarcopenia, its relevance in terms of glucose control and diabetes-related outcomes, and diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The review comprehensively addresses key elements for the clinical definition and diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia, the pathophysiological correlation be-tween T2D, sarcopenia, and related outcomes, a critical review of the role of antihyperglycemic treatment on skeletal muscle health, and perspectives on the role of specific treatment targeting myokine signaling pathways involved in glucose control and the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and trophism. Prompt diagnosis and adequate management, including lifestyle inter-vention, health diet programs, micronutrient supplementation, physical exercise, and pharmaco-logical treatment, are needed to prevent or delay skeletal muscle deterioration in T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lisco
- Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.T.); (V.A.G.); (E.J.); (E.G.)
| | - Olga Eugenia Disoteo
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Sant Anna Hospital, 22020 San Fermo della Battaglia, Italy;
| | - Anna De Tullio
- Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.T.); (V.A.G.); (E.J.); (E.G.)
| | - Vincenzo De Geronimo
- Unit of Endocrinology, Clinical Diagnostic Center Morgagni, 95100 Catania, Italy;
| | - Vito Angelo Giagulli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.T.); (V.A.G.); (E.J.); (E.G.)
| | - Fabio Monzani
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.T.); (V.A.G.); (E.J.); (E.G.)
| | - Renato Cozzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Niguarda Hospital, 20162 Milan, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Guastamacchia
- Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.T.); (V.A.G.); (E.J.); (E.G.)
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Center of Nutrition for the Research and the Care of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Triggiani
- Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.T.); (V.A.G.); (E.J.); (E.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hou Q, Song R, Zhao X, Yang C, Feng Y. Lower circulating irisin levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with chronic complications: A meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21859. [PMID: 38027674 PMCID: PMC10658327 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to provide evidence of the differences in circulating irisin levels between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with and without chronic complications. Methods We performed a meta-analysis to compare circulating irisin levels between different groups. Literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, WanFang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from inception through December 2022. Random effects model and standard mean difference (SMD) was used to calculate the pooled outcomes with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Results Forty-two studies that matched the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Circulating irisin levels were significantly lower in T2DM patients with chronic complications than those in T2DM patients without chronic complications (SMD: -1.43; 95 % CI: -1.76 to -1.09; p < 0.00001) and healthy control group (SMD: -2.40; 95 % CI: -3.02 to -1.77; p < 0.00001). Moreover, irisin levels further decrease with the aggravation of complications in T2DM patients with diabetic nephropathy or diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion Compared with T2DM patients without chronic complications, T2DM patients with chronic complications had lower circulating irisin levels. In addition, irisin levels were negatively correlated with the severity of chronic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, 253000, China
| | - Rongjing Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xuecheng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yufei Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang J, Zhao YT, Zhang LX, Dubielecka PM, Qin G, Chin YE, Gower AC, Zhuang S, Liu PY, Zhao TC. Irisin deficiency exacerbates diet-induced insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction in type II diabetes in mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1085-C1096. [PMID: 37694285 PMCID: PMC10635657 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00232.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Irisin is involved in the regulation of a variety of physiological conditions, metabolism, and survival. We and others have demonstrated that irisin contributes critically to modulation of insulin resistance and the improvement of cardiac function. However, whether the deletion of irisin will regulate cardiac function and insulin sensitivity in type II diabetes remains unclear. We utilized the CRISPR/Cas-9 genome-editing system to delete irisin globally in mice and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced type II diabetes model. We found that irisin deficiency did not result in developmental abnormality during the adult stage, which illustrates normal cardiac function and insulin sensitivity assessed by glucose tolerance test in the absence of stress. The ultrastructural analysis of the transmission electronic microscope (TEM) indicated that deletion of irisin did not change the morphology of mitochondria in myocardium. Gene expression profiling showed that several key signaling pathways related to integrin signaling, extracellular matrix, and insulin-like growth factors signaling were coordinately downregulated by deletion of irisin. However, when mice were fed a high-fat diet and chow food for 16 wk, ablation of irisin in mice exposed to HFD resulted in much more severe insulin resistance, metabolic derangements, profound cardiac dysfunction, and hypertrophic response and remodeling as compared with wild-type control mice. Taken together, our results indicate that the loss of irisin exacerbates insulin resistance, metabolic disorders, and cardiac dysfunction in response to HFD and promotes myocardial remodeling and hypertrophic response. This evidence reveals the molecular evidence and the critical role of irisin in modulating insulin resistance and cardiac function in type II diabetes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY By utilizing the CRISPR/Cas-9 genome-editing system and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced type II diabetes model, our results provide direct evidence showing that the loss of irisin exacerbates cardiac dysfunction and insulin resistance while promoting myocardial remodeling and a hypertrophic response in HFD-induced diabetes. This study provides new insight into understanding the molecular evidence and the critical role of irisin in modulating insulin resistance and cardiac function in type II diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yu Tina Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ling X Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Patrycja M Dubielecka
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Y Eugene Chin
- Translation Medicine Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Adam C Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Paul Y Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Ting C Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Deng F, Wu W, Fan X, Zhong X, Wang N, Wang Y, Pan T, Du Y. Dulaglutide Protects Mice against Diabetic Sarcopenia-Mediated Muscle Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation and Regulating the Differentiation of Myoblasts. Int J Endocrinol 2023; 2023:9926462. [PMID: 37584041 PMCID: PMC10425251 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9926462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of sarcopenia, which is characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and function. However, there are no effective drugs to treat diabetic sarcopenia, and its underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we aimed to determine whether the GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) dulaglutide (Dul) affects the progression of diabetic sarcopenia. Methods db/db mice were injected intraperitoneally with 0.6 mg/kg dulaglutide for 10 weeks. Mouse muscle tissues were then pathologically evaluated and stained with F4/80 or MPO to detect macrophages and neutrophils, respectively. In addition, inflammatory factors and FNDC5 in the muscle tissues were detected using qRT-PCR. Moreover, C2C12 cells were induced to enable their differentiation into skeletal muscle cells, and muscle factor levels were then detected. Furthermore, changes in muscle factor levels were detected at various glucose concentrations (11 mM, 22 mM, and 44 mM). Results In vivo, dulaglutide alleviated muscle tissue injury; reduced levels of the inflammatory factors, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2, and CXCL1; and reversed the level of FNDC5 in the muscle tissues of db/db mice. In vitro, a C2C12 cell differentiation model was established through the observation of cell morphology and determination of myokine levels. Upon stimulation with high glucose, the differentiation of C2C12 cells was inhibited. Dulaglutide improved this inhibitory state by upregulating the levels of both FNDC5 mRNA and protein. Conclusions Treatment with the GLP-1RA dulaglutide protects db/db mice against skeletal muscle injury by inhibiting inflammation and regulating the differentiation of myoblasts. High glucose inhibited the differentiation of C2C12 cells and decreased the mRNA and protein levels of myokines. Dulaglutide could reverse the differentiation state induced in C2C12 cells by high glucose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Wenyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Xingyu Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Xing Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Nuojin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Tianrong Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Yijun Du
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tomasello L, Pitrone M, Guarnotta V, Giordano C, Pizzolanti G. Irisin: A Possible Marker of Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12082. [PMID: 37569456 PMCID: PMC10419191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) secretes pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines involved in AT homeostasis, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and irisin. The functionality of AT is based on a regulated equilibrium between adipogenesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. We investigated the contributions of adipose progenitors (ASCs) and adipocytes (AMCs) to TNFα-induced ECM remodeling and a possible implication of irisin in AT impairment in obesity. ASCs and AMCs were exposed to TNFα treatment and nuclear factor-kappa (NF-kB) pathway was investigated: Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), Twist Family Transcription Factor 1 (TWIST-1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) expression levels were analyzed. The proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2 and -9 was analyzed by zymography, and the irisin protein content was measured by ELISA. In inflamed AMCs, a TIMP-1/TWIST-1 imbalance leads to a drop in PPARγ. Adipogenesis and lipid storage ability impairment come with local tissue remodeling due to MMP-9 overactivation. In vitro and ex vivo measurements confirm positive correlations among inflammation, adipose secreting irisin levels, and circulating irisin levels in patients with visceral obesity. Our findings identify the NF-kB downstream effectors as molecular initiators of AT dysfunction and suggest irisin as a possible AT damage and obesity predictive factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tomasello
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
- Dipartimento Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Pitrone
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Valentina Guarnotta
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
- Dipartimento Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Giordano
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
- Dipartimento Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- ATeN Center—Advanced Technologies Network Center, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzolanti
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Regenenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Università di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (V.G.); (C.G.)
- Dipartimento Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- ATeN Center—Advanced Technologies Network Center, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bendotti G, Montefusco L, Lunati ME, Usuelli V, Pastore I, Lazzaroni E, Assi E, Seelam AJ, El Essawy B, Jang Y, Loretelli C, D'Addio F, Berra C, Ben Nasr M, Zuccotti G, Fiorina P. The anti-inflammatory and immunological properties of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106320. [PMID: 35738455 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, a great interest has emerged in investigating the pleiotropic effects of Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs). While GLP-1RAs ability to lower plasma glucose and to induce weight loss has allowed them to be approved for the treatment of diabetes and obesity, consistent evidences from in vitro studies and preclinical models suggested that GLP-1RAs have anti-inflammatory properties and that may modulate the immune-system. Notably, such anti-inflammatory effects target different pathways in different tissues, underling the broad spectrum of GLP-1RAs actions. This review examines some of the currently proposed molecular mechanisms of GLP-1RAs actions and explores their potential benefits in reducing inflammatory responses, which may well suggest a future therapeutic use of GLP-1RAs in new indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bendotti
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Montefusco
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Vera Usuelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ida Pastore
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Lazzaroni
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Assi
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andy Joe Seelam
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Basset El Essawy
- Transplantation Research Center, Nephrology Division, Children's Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yun Jang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital and Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cristian Loretelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Addio
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Berra
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Moufida Ben Nasr
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - GianVincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano and Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy; International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|