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Dicks SG, Northam HL, van Haren FM, Boer DP. The bereavement experiences of families of potential organ donors: a qualitative longitudinal case study illuminating opportunities for family care. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2149100. [PMID: 36469685 PMCID: PMC9731585 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2149100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To illuminate opportunities for care in the context of deceased organ donation by exploring pre-existing family and healthcare professional characteristics, in-hospital experiences, and ongoing adjustment through the lenses of grief theory, systems theory, meaning-making, narrative, and organ donation literature. METHOD Qualitative longitudinal case studies explored individual and family change in five Australian families who had consented to Donation after Circulatory Determination of Death at a single centre. Participants attended semi-structured interviews at four, eight, and twelve months after the death. FINDINGS Family values, pre-existing relationships, and in-hospital experiences influenced first responses to their changed lives, understanding of the patient's death, and ongoing family adjustment. Novel behaviour that was conguent with family values was required at the hospital, especially if the patient had previously played a key role in family decision-making. This behaviour and emerging interactional patterns were drawn into family life over the first year of their bereavement. RECOMMENDATIONS Training that includes lenses introduced in this study will enable healthcare professionals to confidently respond to individual and family psychosocial needs. CONCLUSION The lenses of grief theory and systems thinking highlight opportunities for care tailored to the unique in-hospital context and needs that emerge in the months that follow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean G. Dicks
- Department of Psychology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia,CONTACT Sean G. Dicks Department of Psychology, University of Canberra, Kirinari St, Bruce, Canberra2617, Australia
| | - Holly L. Northam
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Douglas P. Boer
- Department of Psychology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
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Intervention programme to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour of nursing students towards organ donation and transplantation: A randomised controlled trial. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 68:103596. [PMID: 36889166 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To develop and evaluate an educational programme aimed at undergraduate training to increase and improve knowledge, attitudes and behaviour towards the organ and tissue donation and transplants (OTDT). BACKGROUND The request for OTDT falls on the health personnel and the reduction of family refusals depends on their attitude and competence, which is vital to increase OTDT. The evidence highlights the efficacy of starting training at early stages and the implementation of educational programmes in universities is recommended to reduce family refusals. DESIGN A randomised controlled trial. METHODS A randomised controlled trial with an experimental group (EG) -theory class and round table- and a control group (CG) -theory class- that transitions to a delayed experimental group. A sample of 73 students was distributed in parallel randomised groups. RESULTS The groups increased their knowledge and improved their attitude, significantly changing their behaviour in the follow-up. These changes in the experimental groups were more significant than in CG in perceived quality of information (z = -4.948; p = <0.001), level of knowledge (EG1 and CG z = -2.245; p = 0.025) (EG2 and CG z = -2.215; p = 0.027), attitude (EG1 and CG z = -2.687; p = 0.007) (EG2 and CG z = -2.198; p = 0.028) and behaviour (EG1 and CG t = 2.054; p = 0.044) (EG2 and CG z = -2.797; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The education programme has proven effective, promoting knowledge, change and entrenchment of attitudes, facilitating conversations with families, enabling willingness to donate and increasing potential donors.
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Radi E, Ghanavati M, Khoundabi B, Rahmani J, Nahafizadeh K, Shadnoush M, Broumand B, Ghobadi O. The effect of the Iranian family approach-specific course (IrFASC) on obtaining consent from deceased organ donors' families. KOREAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION 2022; 36:237-244. [PMID: 36704808 PMCID: PMC9832597 DOI: 10.4285/kjt.22.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A family approach and obtaining consent from the families of potential brain-dead donors is the most important step of organ procurement in countries where an opt-in policy applies to organ donation. Health care staff's communication skills and ability to have conversations about donation under circumstances of grief and emotion play a crucial role in families' decision-making process and, consequently, the consent rate. Methods A new training course, called the Iranian family approach-specific course (IrFASC), was designed with the aim of improving interviewers' skills and knowledge, sharing experiences, and increasing coordinators' confidence. The IrFASC was administered to three groups of coordinators. The family consent rate of participants in the same intervals (12 months for group 1, 6 months for group 2, and 3 months for group 3) was measured before and after the training course. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to make comparisons. Results The family consent rate was significantly different for all participants before and after the training, increasing from 50.0% to 62.5% (P=0.037). Furthermore, sex (P=0.005), previous training (P=0.090), education (P=0.068), and duration of work as a coordinator (P=0.008) had significant effects on the difference in families' consent rates before and after IrFASC. Conclusions This study showed that the IrFASC training method could improve the success of coordinators in obtaining family consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Radi
- Iranian Research Center of Organ Donation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Ghanavati
- Iranian Research Center of Organ Donation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Batoul Khoundabi
- Iranian Research Center of Organ Donation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Research Center for Health Management in Mass Gathering, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran,Iran Helal Institute of Applied-Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Rahmani
- Iranian Research Center of Organ Donation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoun Nahafizadeh
- Iranian Research Center of Organ Donation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shadnoush
- Iranian Research Center of Organ Donation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Broumand
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Ghobadi
- Iranian Research Center of Organ Donation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Omid Ghobadi Iranian Research Center of Organ Donation, No. 790, Valiasr St, Tehran 1435674536, Iran, Tel: +98-91-3121-2411, Fax: +98-91-2065-1521, E-mail:
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Araujo CAS, Siqueira MM, Pires A. Brazilian Health Care Professionals` Attitudes and Knowledge Regarding Organ Donation and Transplantation: A Systematic Review. Transplant Proc 2022; 54:2069-2074. [PMID: 36116947 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic literature review synthesizes evidence on Brazilian health care professionals' attitudes and knowledge regarding organ donation transplantation. METHOD This search included 5 databases-EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library. Search terms were conceptualized into 4 groups-organ transplantation/donation, health care professionals, attitude/knowledge, and Brazil. The eligibility criteria included academic articles that applied quantitative methods to examine the attitudes and/or knowledge of health care professionals toward organ donation-transplantation (ODT). After a critical appraisal of the citations initially retrieved, 13 studies were included in this review. RESULTS Although most studies pointed to an overall positive attitude of participants toward ODT, insufficient knowledge level among participants was also observed in most studies, especially knowledge gaps regarding aspects such as legal requirements and the functioning of the ODT processes in Brazil. In convergence with the broader ODT literature, education was highlighted as a central point in ODT processes. CONCLUSION The results reveal the scarcity of studies on the subject in Brazil and indicate an opportunity for educational efforts to improve the knowledge of health care professionals regarding the ODT process. This study enriches the academic literature and encourages new investigations on the issue, especially in the North and Northeast of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A S Araujo
- The Coppead Graduate School of Business, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil; Fundação Getulio Vargas's Sao Paulo School of Business Administration -FGV/EAESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Andressa Pires
- The Coppead Graduate School of Business, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil
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