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Dai D, Huang Y, Sun L, Yeh J. Oxygen barrier properties of organic montmorillonite modified polyamide 11/Poly (vinyl alcohol) films. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan‐dan Dai
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University Wuhan China
| | - Ya‐qiong Huang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University Wuhan China
| | - Lei Sun
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University Wuhan China
| | - Jen‐taut Yeh
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University Wuhan China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
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Seidi F, Movahedifar E, Naderi G, Akbari V, Ducos F, Shamsi R, Vahabi H, Saeb MR. Flame Retardant Polypropylenes: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081701. [PMID: 32751298 PMCID: PMC7464193 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) is a commodity plastic known for high rigidity and crystallinity, which is suitable for a wide range of applications. However, high flammability of PP has always been noticed by users as a constraint; therefore, a variety of additives has been examined to make PP flame-retardant. In this work, research papers on the flame retardancy of PP have been comprehensively reviewed, classified in terms of flame retardancy, and evaluated based on the universal dimensionless criterion of Flame Retardancy Index (FRI). The classification of additives of well-known families, i.e., phosphorus-based, nitrogen-based, mineral, carbon-based, bio-based, and hybrid flame retardants composed of two or more additives, was reflected in FRI mirror calculated from cone calorimetry data, whatever heat flux and sample thickness in a given series of samples. PP composites were categorized in terms of flame retardancy performance as Poor, Good, or Excellent cases. It also attempted to correlate other criteria like UL-94 and limiting oxygen index (LOI) with FRI values, giving a broad view of flame retardancy performance of PP composites. The collected data and the conclusions presented in this survey should help researchers working in the field to select the best additives among possibilities for making the PP sufficiently flame-retardant for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Seidi
- Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Elnaz Movahedifar
- Department of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (E.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Ghasem Naderi
- Department of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (E.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Vahideh Akbari
- Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France;
| | - Franck Ducos
- Université de Lorraine, IUT de Moselle Est, IUTSGM, 57600 Forbach, France;
| | - Ramin Shamsi
- Research and Development Center, Marun Petrochemical Company, Mahshahr 63531 69311, Iran;
| | - Henri Vahabi
- Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France;
- Correspondence: (H.V.); or (M.R.S.); Tel.: +33-(0)38-793-9186 (H.V.); +98-912-826-4307 (M.R.S.); Fax: +33-(0)38-793-9101 (H.V.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France;
- Correspondence: (H.V.); or (M.R.S.); Tel.: +33-(0)38-793-9186 (H.V.); +98-912-826-4307 (M.R.S.); Fax: +33-(0)38-793-9101 (H.V.)
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Mousavi S, Aghili A, Hashemi S, Goudarzian N, Bakhoda Z, Baseri S. Improved Morphology and Properties of Nanocomposites, Linear Low Density Polyethylene, Ethylene-Co-Vinyl Acetate and Nano Clay Particles by Electron Beam. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/204124791600700402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Surface modification of linear low-density-polyethylene (LLDPE), ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA), and clay nanoparticles composite films was promoted by potassium permanganate solutions in HCl acidic medium using eight conditions by variation times and temperature, also concentrated oxidation solution of LLDPE and EVA blend films shows a very good clarity and tensile properties, this property can be improved by adding the clay nanoparticles as a filler in the composite. The influence of electron beams (EB) irradiation and amount of clay nanoparticles loading on the overall properties of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) /ethylene-co-vinyl acetate blends was investigated. Samples were subjected to the EB irradiation with the dose values of 75 and 150kGy, afterwards mechanical and thermal properties of the LLDPE/EVA blends with and without clay nanoparticles at different irradiation dosages were utilized in order to analyze the characteristics of the final composite. These enhanced properties are due to the homogenize dispersion of Clay nanoparticles in LLDPE matrix. Moreover, in order to verify these characteristics and compare composite samples with and without Clay nanoparticles (Cloisites 30B), some tests such as DSC, TGA, PSA, SEM and Optical Micrographs (OM) were taken from the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.M. Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71345, Iran
| | - A. Aghili
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S.A. Hashemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - N. Goudarzian
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Z. Bakhoda
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Chamran, Ahvaz University, Iran
| | - S. Baseri
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Chamran, Ahvaz University, Iran
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Olewnik-Kruszkowska E, Koter I, Skopińska-Wiśniewska J, Richert J. Degradation of polylactide composites under UV irradiation at 254 nm. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhang S, Jiang P, Liu X, Gu X, Zhao Q, Hu Z, Tang W. Effects of kaolin on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of polypropylene composite. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xishan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Zhongwu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Wufei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education; Beijing 100029 China
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Zhang X, Ren F, Zhang L, Dong D, Jiang K, Lu Y. Effects of the loading levels of organically modified montmorillonite on the flame-retardant properties of asphalt. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Elastomer Energy Savings and Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Ren
- Yunnan Coal Chemical Industry Group Company; Limited Kunming 650041 People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Elastomer Energy Savings and Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Dong
- Tianjin Hi-Tech Environmental Technology Development Company; Limited Tianjin 300270 People's Republic of China
| | - Kuan Jiang
- Tianjin Hi-Tech Environmental Technology Development Company; Limited Tianjin 300270 People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Elastomer Energy Savings and Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 People's Republic of China
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Alateyah AI, Dhakal HN, Zhang ZY. Processing, Properties, and Applications of Polymer Nanocomposites Based on Layer Silicates: A Review. Adv Polym Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. I. Alateyah
- Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Advanced Polymer and Composites Research Group; School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth PO1 3DJ UK
| | - H. N. Dhakal
- Advanced Polymer and Composites Research Group; School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth PO1 3DJ UK
| | - Z. Y. Zhang
- Advanced Polymer and Composites Research Group; School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth; Portsmouth PO1 3DJ UK
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Liu X, Gu X, Zhang S, Jiang Y, Sun J, Dong M. Effects of dihydrogen phosphate intercalated layered double hydroxides on the crystal behaviors and flammability of polypropylene. J Appl Polym Sci 2013; 130:3645-51. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chandramohan A, Mandhakini M, Dinakaran K, Alagar M. Preparation and Characterization of Vinyl Ester Monomer–Toughened Epoxy-Clay Hybrid Nanocomposites: Thermal and Morphological Properties. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2012.696399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Saikrasun S, Amornsakchai T. Thermal decomposition behavior and mechanical properties of elastomeric composites based on polyolefinic thermoplastic elastomer and organomontmorillonite. J Polym Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-011-9750-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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