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Ye H, Ye J, Wang S, Wang Z, Geng J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Sun Y, Zhou Y. Comparison of the accuracy (trueness and precision) of virtual dentofacial patients digitized by three different methods based on 3D facial and dental images. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:726-734. [PMID: 35369981 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The accuracy of virtual dentofacial patients has been explored, but the accuracy of virtual patients established by using a straightforward and reliable method and the accuracy of different virtual patients are unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the accuracy of virtual dentofacial patients digitized by using registered-block impression, exposed anterior teeth, and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstruction methods based on 3-dimensional (3D) facial and dental images. MATERIAL AND METHODS From the 15 selected participants who needed CBCT scanning, 3 kinds of virtual dentofacial patients were established by using 3 registration methods based on digital dental casts: 3D facial images, CBCT data, and registered-block impression. Compared with actual measurement, 25 linear distances of all virtual dentofacial patients were selected and measured by using a software program, and 3 separate measurements were calculated by the same person. The 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the deviations among 3 kinds of virtual dentofacial patients (trueness) and the deviations within groups (precision). The 1-sample t test was used to compare the difference between the deviation and the ideal error of 0.00 (α=.05). RESULTS Compared with the actual measurement, the trueness of the average deviations for registered-block impression (1.02 ±1.24 mm) was better than that of exposed anterior teeth (2.35 ±1.71 mm) and CBCT reconstruction (2.86 ±1.61 mm). The precision of the average deviations for registered-block impression (1.29 ±1.43 mm) was better than that of exposed anterior teeth (2.00 ±1.72 mm) and CBCT reconstruction (2.12 ±1.94 mm). Significant differences in trueness and precision were found among the 3 groups of virtual dentofacial patients (P<.01). Significant differences among the deviations of all linear distances and the ideal error of 0.00 were observed for all groups of virtual dentofacial patients (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of registered-block impression was better than that of the exposed anterior teeth and CBCT reconstruction. The accuracy of exposed anterior teeth was lower than that of the other methods but could satisfy the requirements of clinical diagnostics and scientific methods. The accuracy of CBCT reconstruction was poor and could only be used for special situations that permitted low accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Ye
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiahui Ye
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shimin Wang
- Dental Technician, Center of dental Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Dental Technician, Center of dental Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Geng
- Graduate student, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuchun Sun
- Professor, Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
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de Sousa LC, Pereira ALC, Ribeiro AKC, Carreiro ADFP. Fabrication of digital complete dentures guided by facial scanning with a device for recording the maxillomandibular relation: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2024:S0022-3913(24)00063-5. [PMID: 38443243 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This article describes a technique for the fabrication of digital complete dentures guided by facial scanning using an innovative device for maxillomandibular relation records. For this, a device was designed and 3-dimensionally (3D) printed to assist in the maxillomandibular record stage. Digital files of the diagnostic casts, jaw relation record, and facial images were superimposed, and the complete denture was virtually planned. Subsequently, trial complete dentures were 3D printed, and a functional and esthetic clinical tooth evaluation was conducted. Then, definitive impressions were made, and definitive complete dentures were obtained. The method of recording the maxillomandibular relation associated with facial scanning in a digital workflow for manufacturing the dentures in a 3-appointment protocol provided better predictability of patient care and reduced clinical and laboratory time than with the conventional denture technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Cavalcante de Sousa
- MSc Candidate, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ana Larisse Carneiro Pereira
- PhD Candidate, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Anne Kaline Claudino Ribeiro
- PhD Candidate, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Adriana da Fonte Porto Carreiro
- Full Professor, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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Lobo GG, Vida MC, Hartrick NE, Guerrero GG. Fabrication of facially guided CAD-CAM complete dentures: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00701-1. [PMID: 37989621 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
An alternative protocol is presented to design computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) complete dentures and overdentures using a facially guided digital design. The facially guided design protocol with CAD-CAM facilitated communication between the clinician and dental laboratory technician. A monolithic denture and overdenture were fabricated guided by preliminary dentures with 3-dimensionally (3D) printed denture bases and milled wax teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Galván Lobo
- Private practice, Valladolid, Spain; Guest Professor, Department of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; and Researcher, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Nancy E Hartrick
- Private practice, Royal Oak, Mich., Kois Center, Seattle, Wash ; and Clinical Instructor, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash
| | - Guillermo Galván Guerrero
- Private practice, Valladolid, Spain, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash; Guest Professor, Department of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Guest Professor, Department of Dentistry, International University of Catalunya, San Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain; and Clinical Instructor, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash
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Jeong SH, Kim S, Seong YW, Chang JS. Implant-retained overdenture delivery in 2 visits with a digital workflow. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:663-667. [PMID: 35256185 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The conventional method of fabricating implant-retained overdentures involves multiple steps and patient visits. However, the duplication of existing complete dentures could decrease the number of visits and increase patient satisfaction. An existing maxillary implant-retained overdenture was replaced for a 78-year-old man; the existing implant-retained overdenture and his face were scanned at the first visit. The scanned intaglio image was inverted to obtain a virtual maxillary cast and used to fabricate the metal framework of the replacement implant-retained overdenture. Prefabricated artificial teeth were arranged on a 3-dimensional trial denture created from the scan data of the existing implant-retained overdenture. The replacement implant-retained overdenture was fabricated on the metal framework by using the injection molding technique. By using these digital techniques, a stable and esthetic implant-retained overdenture was delivered in 2 visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hoe Jeong
- Resident, Department of Prosthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjai Kim
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You Won Seong
- Researcher, Graduate School of Public Policy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jae-Seung Chang
- Clinical Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Olmos M, Matta R, Buchbender M, Jaeckel F, Nobis CP, Weber M, Kesting M, Lutz R. 3D assessment of the nasolabial region in cleft models comparing an intraoral and a facial scanner to a validated baseline. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12216. [PMID: 37500683 PMCID: PMC10374634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to validate the metric accuracy of a 3-dimensional (3D) facial scanner (FS) and an intraoral scanner (IOS) in capturing the nasolabial region in ex vivo unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) models. The nasolabial region of 10 UCLP models was scanned using a 3D FS as well as an IOS and a previously validated stationary 3D scanner as a reference. Intraoral scan was performed directly on the UCLP models. In order to apply the FS on the models, they were embedded in a 3D printed sample face. Both test groups were aligned to the reference by applying a section-based best-fit algorithm. Subsequent analysis of the metric deviation from the reference was performed with a 3D analysis tool. Mean distance and integrated distance served as main parameters for surface and volume comparison. Point comparison served as an additional parameter. Statistical analysis was carried out using t-test for unconnected samples. Considering mean distance and integrated distance as main parameters for 3D evaluation of the scanner's accuracy, FS and IOS differ significantly in their metric precision in scanning the cleft model compared to the reference. The IOS proved to be significantly more accurate than the FS compared to the previously described stationary 3D scanner as reference and validated baseline. Further validation of the tested IOS and FS for 3D assessment of the nasolabial region is presented by adding the previously validated ATOS III Triple Scan blue light scanner as a reference. The IOS shows, compared to a validated baseline scan, significantly higher metric precision in experimental cleft model scanning. The collected data provides a basis for clinical application of the IOS for 3D assessment of the nasolabial region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Olmos
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glueckstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ragai Matta
- Department of Prosthodontics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mayte Buchbender
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glueckstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Jaeckel
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glueckstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher-Philipp Nobis
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glueckstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuel Weber
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glueckstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glueckstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Lutz
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glueckstrasse 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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Luo S, Xu L, Zhang Z, Zhong L, He R. Four-dimensional digital design to prediction of the real-time functional rehabilitation in the esthetic zone. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00282-2. [PMID: 37301640 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in digital technology and materials have improved the accuracy and efficiency of tracking and recording mandibular motion, with various methods being described. The present article describes a digital workflow with complete and accurate 3-dimensional spatial trajectories of mandibular motion to direct the design of lingual restorations. The workflow allowed the lingual curvature of the restoration to conform with the distinctive trajectory of mandibular protrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Luo
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University; and Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lixia Xu
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University; and Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhuochen Zhang
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University; and Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Liangjun Zhong
- Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University; an Dean, Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Rui He
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University; and Vice Dean, Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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7
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Nuytens P, Li J, Lepidi L. Face oriented digital workflow for transferring intraoral and extraoral data of edentulous arch rehabilitated with multiple implants: A clinical technique. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00222-6. [PMID: 37173177 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A modified scan body system is described to preserve the occlusal vertical dimension and obtain intraoral and extraoral records to transfer to the dental laboratory technician for a complete arch fixed implant-supported prosthesis. This technique helps to effectively manage the orientation and articulation of the maxillary implants for 3-dimensional smile design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Nuytens
- Research Fellow and Clinical Lecturer, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Junying Li
- Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Luca Lepidi
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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8
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Pérez-Giugovaz MG, Sadeghpour M, Revilla-León M. Virtual 3-dimensional representation of a completely edentulous patient for computer-aided static implant planning. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 129:384-90. [PMID: 34315612 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A technique is described to create a virtual 3-dimensional representation of an edentulous patient by aligning the facial, intraoral, and cone beam computed tomography scans guided by an additively manufactured scan body. Having the virtual patient facilitated the prosthetically driven implant planning, the additive manufacturing of the surgical implant guides, and the interim dental restorations.
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Todaro C, Cerri M, Isola G, Manazza A, Storelli S, Rodriguez y Baena R, Lupi SM. Computer-Guided Osteotomy with Simultaneous Implant Placement and Immediately Loaded Full-Arch Fixed Restoration: A Case Report. Prosthesis 2023; 5:221-233. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis5010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Aim: This case report aims to illustrate a clinical protocol that allows for the rehabilitation of patients requiring extensive osteotomy, simultaneous implant placement, and full-arch, screwed-in prosthetics in one session. This protocol allows for the improvement of the aesthetics and functionality of the fixed implant-supported prosthesis through the preoperative planning of all surgical procedures, including osteotomy, and of the prosthesis through the application of 3D-printing technology for the creation of surgical templates and prostheses. Methods: This case report concerns a 72-year-old patient, ASA1, who, following diagnosis, the establishment of a treatment plan, and the provision of informed consent, opted for an immediate, full-arch rehabilitation of the lower arch. The digital planning stage started with the correct positioning of the fixtures. The proper bone levels were found and used to guide the creation of the provisional screwed-in prothesis. Two templates with the same supports (landmarks/pins) were then 3D-printed: a positioning template, including a slit to assist the surgeon during the osteotomy, and a surgery template to assist the surgeon during the implants’ positioning. A screwed-in prosthesis encased in resin C&B MFH (NEXTDENT®, Soesterberg, The Netherlands) was delivered. Minimal occlusal adjustments were performed. Results: In a single clinical session, through careful planning and the pre-operative 3D printing of a prosthesis, a temporary implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation was possible in a case that required an extended osteotomy. Clinically, the correspondence between the virtual design phase and the final realization was consistent. At a functional level, the provisional prosthesis required minimal occlusal adjustments and the DVO values obtained in the immediate post-operative period were found to be comparable to those of the virtual design. By planning the final position of the bone and the implants in advance, it was possible to deliver a full-arch prothesis with proper implant emergence, occlusal vertical dimensions, and occlusal relationship. Conclusion: This fully digital protocol allows the clinician to preview and plan the osteotomy and implant surgery as well as the delivery of the temporary, immediately loaded, complete, fixed prosthesis in patients who are candidates for post-extraction surgery with the need for severe osteotomy.
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Ramadan RE, Bahgat MM, Abdelhamid AM, Khamis MM. Registration of maxillomandibular relationship through a fully digital workflow for complete-mouth rehabilitation with screw-retained fixed implant-supported prostheses: A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(22)00760-0. [PMID: 36609083 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Digital recording of the maxillomandibular relationship by using intraoral scanning in completely edentulous patients for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture implant-supported prostheses can be challenging. This clinical report describes the fabrication of complete-arch, screw-retained implant-supported prostheses in a completely edentulous patient with a fully digital workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania E Ramadan
- Assistant Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mariam M Bahgat
- Assistant Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abdelhamid
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Moataz Khamis
- Professor and Chairman, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Amin SA, Hann S, Elsheikh AK, Boltchi F, Zandinejad A. A complete digital approach for facially generated full arch diagnostic wax up, guided surgery, and implant-supported interim prosthesis by integrating 3D facial scanning, intraoral scan and CBCT. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:90-93. [PMID: 36169659 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous innovation in digital dental technology offers new prospects for creating a complete virtual environment. The technique described adds a facial approach to the conventional digital workflow by incorporating 3D face scans to cone beam computed tomography and intraoral scans. Using this workflow, clinicians can obtain a complete virtual patient for facially generated diagnostic wax up and plan and implement a predictable implant placement and interim prosthesis. This technique provides a full digital workflow for restoratively-driven computer-aided implant planning, guided surgery, and 3D printing of an interim complete-arch fixed implant-supported prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Amin
- iTXPros, Tampa, FL.,Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sean Hann
- Master's Arch Dental Laboratory, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | | | - Amirali Zandinejad
- Associate Professor, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, USA.,Prosthodontist at Implant Dentistry Associates of Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
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Bedrossian EA, Bedrossian E, Kois JC, Revilla-León M. Use of an optical jaw-tracking system to record mandibular motion for treatment planning and designing interim and definitive prostheses: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2022:S0022-3913(22)00640-0. [PMID: 36517263 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Optical jaw-tracking systems can record mandibular motion during the various treatment phases. Also, computer-aided design programs facilitate the integration of a patient's digital information, including recorded mandibular motion, into the design of interim and definitive prostheses. A technique to fabricate a complete mouth implant-supported rehabilitation by using mandibular motion captured with an optical jaw-tracking system is described. The mandibular motion recordings obtained before the treatment are combined with the interim restorations to perform a diagnostic waxing, design the computer-guided implant plan, and fabricate maxillary and mandibular screw-retained implant-supported interim and definitive prostheses. The process allows occlusal adjustments by using the patient's mandibular motion and facilitates the prosthetic design process, minimizing chair time at delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmond A Bedrossian
- Affiliate Assistant Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Private practice, San Francisco, Calif
| | | | - John C Kois
- Founder and Director Kois Center, Seattle, Wash; Affiliate Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Private practice, Seattle, Wash
| | - Marta Revilla-León
- Affiliate Assistant Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Faculty and Director of Research and Digital Dentistry, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash; Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Mass.
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Tabatabaian F, Namdari M, Mahshid M, Vora SR, Mirabbasi S. Accuracy and precision of intraoral scanners for shade matching: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent 2022:S0022-3913(22)00565-0. [PMID: 36347647 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The use of intraoral scanners is rising in prosthetic dentistry; however, systematic analysis of their accuracy and precision for shade matching is scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of intraoral scanners for shade matching. MATERIAL AND METHODS In addition to a manual search, an electronic systematic search was conducted on MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus databases. English-language original studies published between January 1, 2010 and March 1, 2022 with intraoral or digital scanners were chosen based on the keywords of tooth color or shade selection or determination, color or shade matching, accuracy, validity, or trueness, and precision, repeatability, or reproducibility as inclusive criteria. Two reviewers independently performed the literature search, selected the studies, collected the data from the studies included, and evaluated the quality of the studies included using a quality assessment method and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies. A third reviewer resolved disagreements. RESULTS A total of 17 articles concerning the shade matching accuracy and precision of intraoral scanners were selected and reviewed. Among them, 4 articles evaluated only accuracy, 4 articles assessed only precision, and 9 articles investigated both accuracy and precision. Ten articles reported low levels of shade matching accuracy for intraoral scanners, while 11 articles reported high levels of shade matching precision for intraoral scanners. CONCLUSIONS Based on the current literature, intraoral scanners show acceptable precision but unacceptable accuracy for shade matching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Tabatabaian
- PhD student, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Mahshid Namdari
- Assistant Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoo Mahshid
- Emeritus Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siddhart R Vora
- Assistant Professor, Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shahriar Mirabbasi
- Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Antonacci D, Caponio VCA, Troiano G, Pompeo MG, Gianfreda F, Canullo L. Facial scanning technologies in the era of digital workflow: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Prosthodont Res 2022. [PMID: 36058870 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_22_00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this network meta-analysis is to evaluate the accuracy of various face-scanning technologies in the market, with respect to the different dimensions of space (x, y, and z axes). Furthermore, attention will be paid to the type of technologies currently used and to the best practices for high-quality scan acquisition. MATERIAL AND METHODS The review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and its updates. A thorough search was performed using the digital databases MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials by entering research lines or various combinations of free words. The main keywords used during the search process were "photogrammetry", "laser scanner", "optical scanner", "3D, and "face". RESULTS None of the included technologies significantly deviated from direct anthropometry. The obtained mean differences in the distances between the considered landmarks range from 1.10 to -1.74 mm. CONCLUSION Limiting the movements of the patient and scanner allows for more accurate facial scans with all the technologies involved. Active technologies such as laser scanners (LS), structured light (SL), and infrared structured light (ISL) have accuracy comparable to that of static stereophotogrammetry while being more cost-effective and less time-consuming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Gianfreda
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Canullo
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Switzerland
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15
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Wang P, Xu H, Gu R, Zhu L, Bai D, Xue C. Integrating maxillary dentition and 3D facial photo using a modified CAD/CAM facebow. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:365. [PMID: 36028874 PMCID: PMC9419386 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate integration of the dentitions with the face is essential in dental clinical practice. Here we introduce a noninvasive and efficient protocol to integrate the digitized maxillary dentition with the three-dimensional (3D) facial photo using a prefabricated modified computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) facebow. Methods To integrate the maxillary dentition with the 3D facial photo, the CAD/CAM facebow protocol was applied to 20 patients by taking a series of 3D facial photos in the clinic and integrating them in the laboratory. The integration accuracy of this protocol was compared with that of a valid 3D computed tomography (CT)-aided protocol concerning translational deviations of the landmarks representing maxillary incisors and maxillary first molars as well as the rotational deviation of the maxillary dentition. The intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was assessed, and the time of clinical operation and laboratory integration was recorded. Results This facebow-aided protocol generated 3D fused images with colored faces and high-resolution dentitions, and showed high reproducibility. Compared with the well-established CT-aided protocol, the translational deviations ranged from 0 to 1.196 mm, with mean values ranging from 0.134 to 0.444 mm, and a relatively high integration error was found in the vertical dimension (Z) with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) of 0.379 ± 0.282 mm. Meanwhile, the rotational deviations ranged from 0.020 to 0.930°, with mean values less than 1°, and the most evident deviation was seen in pitch rotation with a mean ± SD of 0.445 ± 0.262°. The workflow took 4.34 ± 0.19 min (mins) for clinical operation and 11.23 ± 0.29 min for laboratory integration. Conclusion The present radiation-free protocol with the modified CAD/CAM facebow provided accurate and reproducible transfer of the digitized maxillary dentition to the 3D facial photo with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Liwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ding Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chaoran Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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16
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Revilla-León M, Zeitler JM, Kois JC. Digital maxillomandibular relationship and mandibular motion recording by using an optical jaw tracking system to acquire a dynamic virtual patient. J Prosthet Dent 2022:S0022-3913(22)00338-9. [PMID: 35985852 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
A technique for digitally recording the maxillomandibular relationship, including the maximum intercuspation and centric occlusion and the patient's mandibular motion, by using an optical jaw tracking system is described. Advantages of this technique include the digital registration of the maxillomandibular relationship and mandibular motion. This technique incorporates the mandibular motion into the 3-dimensional (3D) virtual patient representation to integrate the 3D dynamic virtual patient visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla-León
- Affiliate Assistant Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Director of Research and Digital Dentistry, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash; Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University, Boston, Mass.
| | | | - John C Kois
- Founder and Director Kois Center, Seattle, Wash; Affiliate Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Private practice, Seattle, Wash
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17
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Dohiem MM, Emam NS, Abdallah MF, Abdelaziz MS. Accuracy of digital auricular impression using intraoral scanner versus conventional impression technique for ear rehabilitation: A controlled clinical trial. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022. [PMID: 36117136 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Revilla‐León M, Zeitler J, Blanco‐Fernández D, Kois JC, Att W. Tracking and recording the lip dynamics for the integration of a dynamic virtual patient: A novel dental technique. J Prosthodont 2022; 31:728-733. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla‐León
- Affiliate Assistant Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry University of Washington Seattle WA
- Director of Research and Digital Dentistry Kois Center Seattle WA
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthodontics Tufts University Boston MA
| | | | | | - John C. Kois
- Founder and Director Kois Center Seattle WA
- Affiliate Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry University of Washington Seattle WA
- Private Practice Seattle WA
| | - Wael Att
- Professor and Chair Department of Prosthodontics Tuff University School of Dental Medicine Boston MA
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19
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Revilla-León M, Zeitler JM, Barmak AB, Kois JC. Accuracy of the 3-dimensional virtual patient representation obtained by using 4 different techniques: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2022:S0022-3913(22)00342-0. [PMID: 35773020 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Facial and intraoral scans can be aligned with or without the assistance of extraoral scan body systems to obtain a 3-dimensional (3D) virtual patient representation. However, the accuracy of the virtual patient remains uncertain. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the accuracy of the virtual patient representation obtained by superimposing facial and intraoral digital scans with 4 different techniques (with and without the usage of extraoral scan bodies) and to measure the operator influence on the accuracy of the virtual patient integration. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three markers were placed in the jaw simulation of a mannequin on the right (r), center (c), and left (l) surfaces. Five additional markers were attached to the mesiobuccal cusp of the right first molar (RM), cusp of the right canine (RC), buccal surface of the right central incisor (CI), cusp of the left canine (LC), and mesiobuccal cusp of the left first molar (LM). A reference scan (control scan) of the mannequin was obtained by using an industrial scanner (Gom ATOS Q 3D 12 M). Four different groups were created depending on the technique used: 3D scan body (3D scan body) (3D-SB group), AFT (AFT Dental System) (AFT group), Sat 3D (Sat 3D) (Sat3D group), and without using a scan body system (No-SB group). Additionally, a digital scan of the typodont was obtained with an intraoral scanner (TRIOS 4). The virtual patient integration was performed 10 times per group by 2 independent operators by using a software program (DentalCAD, Galway). Each operator obtained a total of 9 interlandmark measurements on the reference scan and on each virtual patient integration of each group with the measurement tool of the computer-aided design program. The data were analyzed by using 4-way ANOVA followed by the pairwise comparison Tukey tests (α=.05). RESULTS The group (P<.001), specimen (P<.001), and operator (P<.001) significantly influenced the trueness discrepancies obtained. Additionally, the 3D-SB group had the best trueness (244 μm), and the No-SB group had the worst trueness (346 μm). Operator 1 (279 μm) obtained significantly better trueness than operator 2 (295 μm). Group (P<.001), specimen (P<.001), and operator (P<.001) significantly influenced precision discrepancies, with the AFT (149 μm) and 3D-SB (154 μm) groups having the best precision and the No-SB group (269 μm) the worst precision. Operator 1 (176 μm) obtained significantly better precision than operator 2 (197 μm). CONCLUSIONS The techniques tested influenced the accuracy of the 3D virtual patient representation. The 3D-SB group had the best trueness, and the AFT and 3D-SB groups had the best precision, while the No-SB group showed the lowest trueness and precision values. Operator handling had a significant effect on the trueness and precision values of the virtual patient integrations tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla-León
- Assistant Professor and Assistant Program Director AEGD Residency, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX; Affiliate Faculty Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Mass.
| | | | - Abdul B Barmak
- Assistant Professor Clinical Research and Biostatistics, Eastman Institute of Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - John C Kois
- Kois Center, Private practice, Seattle, Wash; Assistant Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
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20
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Raffone C, Gianfreda F, Pompeo MG, Antonacci D, Bollero P, Canullo L. Chairside virtual patient protocol. Part 2: management of multiple face scans and alignment predictability. J Dent 2022; 122:104123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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21
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Pérez-Giugovaz MG, Meykadeh Z, Revilla-León M. Additively Manufactured Scan Bodies for Virtual Patient Integration: Different Designs, Manufacturing Procedures, and Clinical Protocols. J Prosthodont 2022; 31:23-29. [PMID: 35313028 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Additively manufactured intraoral scan bodies can be used to guide the alignment of a patient's digital file information, including facial and intraoral digital scans both with and without a cone beam computed tomography scan, and to obtain a 3D virtual patient's representation. The present manuscript reviews the different intraoral scan body designs, procedures involved in additive manufacturing, clinical protocols for fabricating an additively manufactured scan body, performing a patient's digital data collection, and completing the alignment techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gabriel Pérez-Giugovaz
- Catholic University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Director Centro de Capacitación CAD3D, City Bell-La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Private Practice, City Bell-La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Marta Revilla-León
- Affiliate Assistant Professor, Graduate in Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Director of Research and Digital Dentistry, Kois Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Paratelli A, Vania S, Gómez-Polo C, Ortega R, Revilla-León M, Gómez-Polo M. Techniques to improve the accuracy of complete-arch implant intraoral digital scans: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent 2021:S0022-3913(21)00486-8. [PMID: 34756427 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The best method of optimizing the accuracy of complete-arch intraoral digital scans is still unclear. For instance, the location of the scan bodies can be significantly distorted with respect to their actual positions, which would lead to a nonpassive fit of the definitive prosthesis. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze available techniques for improving the accuracy of digital scans in implant-supported complete-arch fixed prostheses. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three databases (Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar) were searched, and the results obtained were supplemented by a hand search. Specific descriptors identified techniques whose objective were to increase the accuracy of digital scans in implant-supported complete-arch fixed prostheses. Titles and abstracts were screened by 2 independent reviewers, and unclear results were discussed with a third independent reviewer. A qualitative analysis based on procedural parameters was used. The interexaminer agreements of both were assessed by the Cohen kappa statistic, and the Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the risk of bias across the studies. RESULTS A total of 17 techniques matching the inclusion criteria were evaluated. Higher accuracy but also differences regarding the need for supplementary devices, number of intraoral scans, and time consumption of clinical and software program steps were observed compared with the conventional digital scanning protocol. The use of a splinting device was common to most of the studies. The outcome variables for the evaluation of the effectiveness of these protocols were heterogeneous. CONCLUSIONS The use of additional techniques during intraoral scanning can improve accuracy in implant-supported complete-arch fixed prostheses. However, higher complexity for those procedures should be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Paratelli
- PhD Candidate, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Postgraduate student, Master in Implantology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Vania
- Postgraduate student, Master in Implantology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rocío Ortega
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Revilla-León
- Affiliate Faculty Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Researcher at Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain; Director of Research and Digital Dentistry, Kois Center, Seattle, Wash.
| | - Miguel Gómez-Polo
- Associate Professor and Director of Postgraduate Program of Advanced in Implant-Prosthodontics, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Memon AR, Li J, Egger J, Chen X. A review on patient-specific facial and cranial implant design using Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. Expert Rev Med Devices 2021; 18:985-994. [PMID: 34404280 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2021.1969914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Researchers and engineers have found their importance in healthcare industry including recent updates in patient-specific implant (PSI) design. CAD/CAM technology plays an important role in the design and development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based implants.The across the globe have their interest focused on the design and manufacturing of AI-based implants in everyday professional use can decrease the cost, improve patient's health and increase efficiency, and thus many implant designers and manufacturers practice. AREAS COVERED The focus of this study has been to manufacture smart devices that can make contact with the world as normal people do, understand their language, and learn to improve from real-life examples. Machine learning can be guided using a heavy amount of data sets and algorithms that can improve its ability to learn to perform the task. In this review, artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning, and machine-learning techniques are studied in the design of biomedical implants. EXPERT OPINION The main purpose of this article was to highlight important AI techniques to design PSIs. These are the automatic techniques to help designers to design patient-specific implants using AI algorithms such as deep learning, machine learning, and some other automatic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaque Rafique Memon
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Bio-medical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianning Li
- Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.,The Laboratory of Computer Algorithm for Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jan Egger
- Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.,The Laboratory of Computer Algorithm for Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Bio-medical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Gallardo YNR, Salazar-Gamarra R, Bohner L, De Oliveira JI, Dib LL, Sesma N. Evaluation of the 3D error of 2 face-scanning systems: An in vitro analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 129:630-636. [PMID: 34362565 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Facial scanning systems have been developed as auxiliary tools for diagnosis and planning in dentistry. However, little is known about the trueness of these free software programs and apps for facial scanning. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the trueness of 3D facial scanning by using Bellus3D and +ID ReCap Photo. MATERIAL AND METHODS A mannequin head was used as the master model. The control group was created by scanning the mannequin head with a noncontact structured blue light 3D scanner (ATOS Core). Two facial scanning methods were used for the experimental groups: a facial scanning app (FaceApp) and the Plus identity photogrammetry methodology (ReCap Photo). In both methods, image capturing was performed under the same natural lighting conditions with a smartphone (iPhone X) calibrated with an app. Trueness was assessed from the 3D measurement error, which was calculated with a 3D mesh analysis software program (GOM Inspect). Two comparison groups were created: ATOS versus Bellus3D (B3D) and ATOS versus +ID with ReCap Photo (+IDRP). The results were statistically evaluated by using the Shapiro-Wilk and paired t tests (α=.05). RESULTS B3D had a greater error than +IDRP in measuring the regions of the upper and lower lips, nose, and mentum (P<.01). This error was statistically higher for +IDRP (P<.01) in the right face area, but the left face area showed no statistically significant difference between the evaluated scanning methods (P=.93). The 3D global trueness of B3D was 0.34 ±0.14 mm, and that of +IDRP was 0.28 ±0.06 mm. CONCLUSIONS Both methods evaluated in this study provided a 3D model of the face with clinically acceptable trueness and should be reliable tools for planning esthetic restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda N R Gallardo
- PhD student, Department of Prosthodontics, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Salazar-Gamarra
- Professor, Department, Paulista University, Paulista University (UNIP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lauren Bohner
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Luciano L Dib
- Professor, Post-graduation Department, Paulista University (UNIP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Newton Sesma
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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25
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Sun A, Yang Y, Gao H, Lin WS, Chen L, Tan J. Integrating Facial and Intraoral Scans for Digital Esthetic and Occlusal Design: A Technical Report. J Prosthodont 2021; 30:729-733. [PMID: 34109701 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The provisional prosthesis is a prerequisite for prosthodontic rehabilitation. The purpose of this technique was to register facial and intraoral scans predictably. A 3D virtual patient was created through facial scans, intraoral scans, digital face-bow transfer, and digital cross-articulation technique. This virtual patient allowed predictable positioning of intraoral scans to a virtual articulator by using digital face-bow transfer. The resulting virtual patient facilitated the design of definitive prostheses following a facially generated treatment planning principle. In addition, the virtual articulator was used to improve occlusal design on the definitive prostheses and reduce the need for intraoral adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hanqi Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei-Shao Lin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianguo Tan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
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26
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Pérez-Giugovaz MG, Park SH, Revilla-León M. 3D Virtual Patient Representation for Guiding a Maxillary Overdenture Fabrication: A Dental Technique. J Prosthodont 2021; 30:636-641. [PMID: 33942953 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes a technique to obtain a 3D virtual representation of a maxillary edentulous patient guided by an additively manufactured intraoral scan body. The intraoral scan body incorporated a custom tray and occlusion rim which facilitated the acquiring of a digital definitive cast, maxillary occlusion rim position, interocclusal registration, and guided the integration of the facial scans. The technique simplified the design and manufacturing of the maxillary overdenture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Revilla-León
- Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
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27
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Pérez-Giugovaz MG, Mostafavi D, Revilla-León M. Additively manufactured scan body for transferring a virtual 3-dimensional representation to a digital articulator for completely edentulous patients. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:1171-1178. [PMID: 33934845 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A technique is described for obtaining a virtual 3-dimensional representation of completely edentulous patients with the virtual definitive casts mounted on the virtual articulator. An additively manufactured intraoral scan body was developed to record the definitive maxillary and mandibular casts and gothic arch interocclusal registration. The intraoral scan body guided the integration of the digital definitive casts and facial scans to obtain the virtual 3-dimensional patient's representation and facilitated the transfer of the definitive casts to the virtual articulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gabriel Pérez-Giugovaz
- Director Graduate in Digital Dentistry, Catholic University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Director Centro de Capacitación CAD3D, City Bell-La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Private practice, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Marta Revilla-León
- Assistant Professor and Assistant Program Director AEGD Residency, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas; Affiliate Faculty Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Researcher at Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain.
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Revilla-León M, Pérez-Barquero JA, Barmak BA, Agustín-Panadero R, Fernández-Estevan L, Att W. Facial scanning accuracy depending on the alignment algorithm and digitized surface area location: An in vitro study. J Dent 2021; 110:103680. [PMID: 33901605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the accuracy (trueness and precision) of a facial scanner depending on the alignment method and the digitized surface area location. METHODS Fourteen markers were adhered on a head mannequin and digitized using an industrial scanner (GOM Atos Q 3D 12 M; Carl Zeiss Industrielle Messtechnik GmbH). A control mesh was acquired. Subsequently, the mannequin was digitized using a facial scanner (Arc4; Bellus3D) (n = 30). The control mesh was delineated into 10 areas. Based on the alignment procedures, two groups were created: reference best fit (RBF group) and landmark-based best fit (LA group). The root mean square was used to calculate the discrepancy between the control mesh and each facial scan. A 2-way ANOVA and Tukey pairwise comparison tests were used to compare trueness and precision between the 2 groups across 10 areas (α = .05). RESULTS Both alignment algorithms (P = .007) and digitized area (P < .001) were significant predictors of trueness with a significant interaction between the two predictors (F (9, 580) =25.13, P < .001). Tukey pairwise comparison showed that there was a significant difference between mean trueness values of RBF (mean=0.53 mm) and LA (mean=0.55 mm) groups. Moreover, a significant difference was detected among the trueness values across surface areas. The A9-area (left tragus area) had the highest and A5-area (right cheek area) had the lowest mean trueness. Both alignment algorithm (P < .001) and digitized surface area (P < .001) were significant predictors of precision with a significant interaction between the two predictors (F (9, 580) =14.34, P < .001). Tukey pairwise comparison showed that there was a significant difference between mean precision values of RBF (mean=0.38 mm) and LA (mean=0.35 mm) groups. Moreover, a significant difference was detected among the precision values across surface areas. Comparing the surface areas, A9-area had the highest and A10-area (forehead area) had the lowest mean precision. CONCLUSIONS Alignment procedures influenced on the scanning trueness and precision mean values, but the facial scanner accuracy values obtained were within the clinically acceptable accuracy threshold of less or equal than 2 mm. Furthermore, the scanning accuracy (for both trueness and precision) depended on the location of the scanned surface area, being more accurate on the middle of the face than on the sides of the face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla-León
- Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, United States; Affiliate Faculty Graduate Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Researcher at Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Basir A Barmak
- Clinical Research and Biostatistics, Eastman Institute of Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Rubén Agustín-Panadero
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucía Fernández-Estevan
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Wael Att
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tuff University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Revilla-León M, Zandinejad A, Nair MK, Barmak BA, Feilzer AJ, Özcan M. Accuracy of a patient 3-dimensional virtual representation obtained from the superimposition of facial and intraoral scans guided by extraoral and intraoral scan body systems. J Prosthet Dent 2021:S0022-3913(21)00106-2. [PMID: 33838919 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM A patient 3-dimensional virtual representation aims to facilitate the integration of facial references into treatment planning or prosthesis design procedures, but the accuracy of the virtual patient representation remains unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of the present observational clinical study was to determine and compare the accuracy (trueness and precision) of a virtual patient obtained from the superimposition procedures of facial and intraoral digital scans guided by 2 scan body systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten participants were recruited. An intraoral digital scan was completed (TRIOS 4). Four fiduciary markers were placed in the glabella (Gb), left (IOL) and right infraorbital canal (IOR), and tip of the nose (TN). Two digitizing procedures were completed: cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) (i-CAT FLX V-Series) and facial scans (Face Camera Pro Bellus) with 2 different scan body systems: AFT (ScanBodyFace) and Sat 3D (Sat 3D). For the AFT system, a reference facial scan was obtained, followed by a facial scan with the participant in the same position as when capturing the CBCT scan. For the Sat 3D system, a reference facial scan was recorded, followed by a facial scan with the patient in the same position as when capturing the CBCT scan. The patient 3-dimensional representation for each scan body system was obtained by using a computer program (Matera 2.4). A total of 14 interlandmark distances were measured in the CBCT scan and both 3-dimensional patient representations. The discrepancies between the CBCT scan (considered the standard) and each 3-dimensional representation of each patient were used to analyze the data. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test revealed that trueness and precision values were not normally distributed (P<.05). A log10 transformation was performed with 1-way repeated-measures MANOVA (α=.05). RESULTS The accuracy of the virtual 3-dimensional patient representations obtained by using AFT and Sat 3D systems showed a trueness ranging from 0.50 to 1.64 mm and a precision ranging from 0.04 to 0.14 mm. The Wilks lambda detected an overall significant difference in the accuracy values between the AFT and Sat 3D systems (F=3628.041, df=14, P<.001). A significant difference was found in 12 of the 14 interlandmark measurements (P<.05). The AFT system presented significantly higher discrepancy values in Gb-IOL, TN-IOR, IOL-IOR, and TN-6 (P<.05) than in the Sat 3D system. The Sat 3D system had a significantly higher discrepancy in Gb-TN, TN-IOL, IOL-3, IOL-6, TN-8, TN-9, TN-11, IOR-11, and IOR-14 (P<.05) than in the AFT system. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test did not detect any significant difference in the precision values between the AFT and Sat 3D systems (Z=-0.838, P=.402). CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of the patient 3-dimensional virtual representations obtained using AFT and Sat 3D systems showed trueness values ranging from 0.50 to 1.64 mm and precision values ranging from 0.04 to 0.14 mm. The AFT system obtained higher trueness than the Sat 3D system, but both systems showed similar precision values.
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Harris BT, Yang CC, Morton D, Lin WS. Virtual facial simulation of prosthetic outcome for static computer-aided implant surgery and CAD-CAM prostheses. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2021; 48:51-58. [PMID: 33690838 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This clinical report describes a digital process of using a 3-dimensional (3D) virtual patient at an exaggerated smile view for the pre-treatment simulation of the prosthetic outcome. In addition, the virtual patient can be used to assist with the formulation of a prosthetically - driven surgical plan for static computer-aided implant surgery (s-CAIS) and the design of the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wei-Shao Lin
- Indiana University Department of Prosthodontics 1121 W. Michigan Street UNITED STATES Indianapolis IN 46202-5186 Indiana University
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Ragazzini N, Dds PB, Monaco C, Ciocca L. Digital Jaw Relation Record of Edentulous Patients in the CAD-CAM Workflow of the Implant-Supported Full-Arch Prosthesis. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2021; 47:57-62. [PMID: 32662838 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Ragazzini
- Section of Prosthodontics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Baldissara Dds
- Section of Prosthodontics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Monaco
- Section of Prosthodontics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo Ciocca
- Section of Prosthodontics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Revilla-León M, Ashby MT, Meyer MJ, Zandinejad A, Umorin M. Self-perception and self-representation preference between 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional facial reconstructions among dentists, dental students, and laypersons. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 127:911-917. [PMID: 33541817 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Computer-aided design (CAD) software can merge the intraoral digital scan with patient photographs or 3-dimensional (3D) facial reconstructions for treatment planning purposes. However, whether an individual perceives a 3D facial reconstruction as a better self-representation compared with a 2-dimensional (2D) photograph is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this observational study was to compare self-perception ratings and self-representation preference of the 2D and 3D facial reconstructions among laypersons, dental students, and dentists. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three populations participated in the study: laypersons, dental students, and dentists (n=20, N=60). Facial and intraoral features were digitized by using facial and intraoral scanners, and a complete-face smile photograph was obtained. Two simulations were performed for each participant: 2D (2D group) and 3D (3D group) reconstructions. In the 2D group, a maxillary digital veneer waxing from the left to the right second premolars was produced without altering the shape, position, or length of the involved teeth. A software program (Dental Systems; 3Shape A/S) was used to merge the maxillary digital waxing with the full-face smile photograph. One image was obtained for each participant. In the 3D group, a dental software program (Matera 2.4; Exocad GmbH) was used to merge the intraoral and facial scans. Subsequently, 1 video of a 180-degree rotation of each 3D superimposition was obtained. Participants evaluated both superimpositions on a scale from 1 (least esthetically pleasing) to 6 (most esthetically pleasing). Finally, participants were asked which superimposition they preferred for a potential treatment outcome representation. RESULTS All the ratings were esthetically pleasing (median group rating 5 or 6). When analyzed solely for differences across occupation groups, ratings for the 2D representation varied significantly across populations (Kruskal-Wallis chi-squared=13.241, df=2, P=.001), but the ratings for the 3D representation did not exhibit statistically significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis chi-squared=4.3756, df=2, P=.112). Ordinal logistic regression revealed no significant main effects but a significant effect of the population×image-type interaction on the esthetic rating. All participants felt well-represented in both the 2D and 3D representations. Also, 40% of dentists, 55% of dental students, and 50% of laypersons preferred the 3D reconstructions. Sex and occupation in general had no effect on the ratings. However, students tended to give higher ratings to the 3D representations of themselves. CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence based on the current study that 2D and 3D representations were perceived differently, but representation preferences may depend on a person's occupation. When individuals rated 3D visualization higher than 2D visualization, they strongly preferred the 3D visualization for representing the treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla-León
- Assistant Professor and Assistant Program Director AEGD, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas; Affiliate Professor, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Researcher at Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mark T Ashby
- Undergraduate student of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas
| | - Matthew J Meyer
- Undergraduate student of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas
| | - Amirali Zandinejad
- Associate Professor and Program Director AEGD, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas
| | - Mikhail Umorin
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas
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Piedra-Cascón W, Fountain J, Att W, Revilla-León M. 2D and 3D patient's representation of simulated restorative esthetic outcomes using different computer-aided design software programs. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 33:143-151. [PMID: 33399263 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the techniques and available 2D and 3D computer-aided design (CAD) software programs to perform a diagnostic waxing for restorative procedures when cone beam computed tomography is not indicated. OVERVIEW An electronic review was performed in Medline, Embase, and Scopus search engines. A manual search was also conducted. The articles evaluating methods to obtain a 2D or 3D patient's representation for restorative dental procedures were included. A total of 33 articles were included for full text review. CAD programs provide the capability to integrate facial features from 2D photographs or 3D facial scans and facilitate facially driven digital diagnostic waxing procedures. Diagnostic and design tools varied among the programs, and multiple technique descriptions were found. However, the literature evaluating the accuracy of virtual patients and the perception variations between the 2D and 3D dimensional representations is limited. CONCLUSIONS The integration of digital technologies into treatment planning procedures introduce variation into the conventional interfaces; however, the concepts remain the same. Further studies are needed to evaluate the accuracy of the virtual representations and the influence of the type of dimensional representation on the esthetic perceptions among dental professionals. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The 2D and 3D CAD software programs facilitate the integration of facial features into digital diagnostic waxing procedures; however, the esthetic perception of the patient's virtual representation might vary among the different systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenceslao Piedra-Cascón
- Affiliate Faculty Graduate in Esthetic Dentistry Program, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain and Researcher at Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Wael Att
- Professor and Chair Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marta Revilla-León
- Assistant Professor and Assistant Program Director AEGD Residency, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Affiliate Faculty Graduate Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Researcher at Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain
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Pérez-Giugovaz MG, Mosier M, Revilla-León M. An additively manufactured intraoral scan body for aiding complete-arch intraoral implant digital scans with guided integration of 3D virtual representation. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 127:38-43. [PMID: 33413985 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a polymeric additively manufactured intraoral scan body that facilitates a complete-arch intraoral implant digital scan and guides the superimposition procedures between the facial and digital scans comprising the patient's 3D virtual representation. Furthermore, this novel intraoral scan body can be modified for the patient's specific arch dimensions, enhancing patient comfort and facilitating digitizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gabriel Pérez-Giugovaz
- Director, Graduate in Digital Dentistry, Catholic University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Director, Centro de Capacitación CAD3D, City Bell-La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Private practice, City Bell-La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Marta Revilla-León
- Assistant Professor and Assistant Program Director AEGD Residency, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas; Affiliate Faculty, Graduate Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Researcher at Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain.
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Sadid-Zadeh R, Al Qaraghuli A. Rehabilitating simulated worn dentition by using a complete digital workflow and five anatomic guidelines. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 127:44-48. [PMID: 33386136 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the rehabilitation of worn dentition by using a complete digital workflow on a nonhinged simulated patient. A dentiform was used to represent an individual with loss of occlusal vertical dimension. Interim restorations were designed following the simulated patient's midline, interpupillary line, and ala-tragus line and a defined central incisal edge position, posterior maxillary teeth central groove, and buccal cusp position of posterior maxillary teeth. The definitive restorations were then designed and fabricated by following the contour of the interim restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Sadid-Zadeh
- Associate Professor, Assistant Dean of Digital Technologies, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY.
| | - Abdullah Al Qaraghuli
- Dental student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY
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国 丹, 潘 韶, 衡 墨, 屈 健, 魏 秀, 周 永. [Comparison of the registration methods for the three-dimensional facial scans applied to the design of full-arch implant supported restoration]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2020; 53:83-87. [PMID: 33550340 PMCID: PMC7867969 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the registration accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) facial scans for the design of full-arch implant supported restoration by five methods and to explore the suitable registration method. METHODS According to the criteria, ten patients with maxillary edentulous jaw or end-stage dentition requiring implant supported restorations were enrolled in this study. A special rim with individual feature marks reflected appropriate occlusal relationship and esthetic characteristics was made for each patient. Both 3D facial scan data of natural laughter and with opener traction to expose the teeth or occlusal rim of each patient were acquired by facial scan and input to the digital analysis software Geomagic Qualify 2012. The dataset was superimposed by five different methods: seven facial anatomical landmark points alignment, facial immobile area alignment (forehead and nasal area), facial anatomical landmark points and immobile area combining alignment, facial feature points alignment, facial and intraoral feature points alignment with the same local coordinate system. The three-dimensional deviation of the same selected area was calculated, the smaller the deviation, the higher the registration accuracy. The 3D deviation was compared among the three registration methods of facial anatomical landmark points, facial immobile area alignment and the combination of the above two methods. Friedman test was performed to analyze the difference among the three methods (α=0.05). The effect of the aid of the facial and intraoral feature points were evaluated. Paired t test were performed to analyze the difference (P<0.05). RESULTS The average three-dimensional deviation of the selected area after alignment with the facial anatomical landmarks was (1.501 2±0.406 1) mm, significantly larger than that of the facial immobile area best-fit alignment [(0.629 1±0.150 6) mm] and the combination of the two methods[(0.629 1±0.150 6) mm] (P < 0.001). The aid of the facial feature points could significantly reduce the deviation (t=1.001 3, P < 0.001). There was no significant statistical difference in the remaining groups. CONCLUSION The forehead area of the 3D facial scan can be exposed as much as possible. The establishment of facial characteristic landmark points and the use of the invariant area alignment can improve the accuracy of registration. It should be clinically feasible to apply three-dimensional facial scan to the design of full-arch implant supported restoration with the registration of the immobile area on the face especially the forehead area.
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Affiliation(s)
- 丹妮 国
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,修复科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 韶霞 潘
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,修复科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 墨笛 衡
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,义齿加工中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Dental Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 健 屈
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,义齿加工中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Dental Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 秀霞 魏
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,义齿加工中心 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Dental Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 永胜 周
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,修复科 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Fabra Rivera A, Magalhães FC, Moreno A, Campos Rubio J. Assessment of the Highest Stress Concentration Area Generated on the Mandibular Structure Using Meshless Finite Elements Analysis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E142. [PMID: 33171637 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7040142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequently, the oral cavity area can be affected by different diseases, so the patient needs to be submitted to surgery to remove a specific region of the mandibular. A complete or partial discontinuity of the mandibular bone can cause direct or indirect forces variations during the mastication. The dental prosthesis is an alternative to generate an aesthetic or functional solution for oral cavity lesions. However, they can be wrongly designed, or they can lose the adjustment during their useful life, deteriorating the patient’s condition. In this work, the influence of the fixation components position for a dental prosthesis will be studied based on the finite element method. By means, it is possible to determine the area of the highest stress concentration generated on the mandibular structure. The temporomandibular image obtained by computational tomography was used as a 3D graphic whole model because in the medical area the morphological factors are extremely important. Vertical loads of 50, 100, 150 and 200 N were applied in three different regions: in the whole buccal cavity, simultaneously in the left and right laterals and only in the right lateral, to determine the values of von Mises stress in the mandible. These results were compared between three finite element software packages (Ansys®, SolidWorks® and Inventor®) and a meshless software (SimSolid®). They showed similar behaviors in the highest mechanical stress concentration in the same regions. Regarding the stress values, the percentage error between each software package was less than 10%. The use of SimSolid® software (meshless) proved to be better at identifying the higher stress generated by the dental prosthesis in the facial skeleton, so its computational efficiency, due to its geometric complexity, was highlighted.
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Ponnusamy S, Miloro M. A Novel Prosthetically Driven Workflow Using Zygomatic Implants: The Restoratively Aimed Zygomatic Implant Routine. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 78:1518-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Schmidt MB, Rauch A, Schwarzer M, Lethaus B, Hahnel S. Combination of Digital and Conventional Workflows in the CAD/CAM-Fabrication of an Implant-Supported Overdenture. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13173688. [PMID: 32825488 PMCID: PMC7503874 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Completely digital workflows for the fabrication of implant-supported removable restorations are not yet common in clinical dental practice. The aim of the current case report is to illustrate a reliable and comfortable workflow that reasonably merges conventional and digital workflows for the CAD/CAM-fabrication of implant-supported overdentures. The 53-year old patient was supplied with a digitally processed complete denture in the upper jaw and, simultaneously, with an overdenture supported by four interforaminal implants in the lower jaw. The overdenture included a completely digitally processed and manufactured alloy framework that had been fabricated by selective laser sintering. The case report indicates that digital manufacturing processes for extensive and complex removable restorations are possible. However, as it is currently not yet possible to digitally obtain functional impressions, future developments and innovations might focus on that issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Benno Schmidt
- Clinic for Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.R.); (S.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Angelika Rauch
- Clinic for Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.R.); (S.H.)
| | - Marcus Schwarzer
- Flemming Dental Tec GmbH, Dental Technology Center, 04317 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Bernd Lethaus
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Sebastian Hahnel
- Clinic for Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (A.R.); (S.H.)
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Roberts M, Shull F, Schiner B. Maxillary
full‐arch
reconstruction using a sequenced digital workflow. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 32:336-356. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Revilla-León M, Ashby MT, Meyer MJ, Umorin M, Barrington JJ, Zandinejad A. Layperson and Dental Professional Perception When Evaluating Their Own Virtually 2D or 3D Simulated Esthetic Discrepancies. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:466-471. [PMID: 32369876 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the perceptions of laypersons, dental students, and dentists regarding disparities of the maxillary dental midline and the occlusal plane (OP) when analyzing their own 2D or 3D clinical simulation. MATERIAL AND METHODS 20 participants per group volunteered (N = 60). Intraoral and facial scans, and a photograph were obtained from each participant. Two simulation groups were created: 2D and 3D groups, which were subdivided into two subgroups. In the first subgroup, the OP was modified by 1-degree increments without changing the maxillary midline. In the second subgroup, the OP was modified by the same increments, but the maxillary midline was altered to match the OP inclination. Participants were asked to rate the simulations on a 1-to-6 scale and a question survey. Ordinal logistic regression (OR) was used to analyze the ratings. RESULTS Tilt of the OP had the strongest negative effect on the ratings which was further amplified by the dental midline inclination (OR = 0.122). Midline modification alone did not affect the ratings (OR = 0.744). 3D simulations had a stronger positive effect on the ratings compared to 2D simulations. For dental students, the positive rating effect of 3D simulations was similar to dentists. For laypersons, the positive rating effect of 3D simulations compared to the 2D simulations decreased relative to dentists. The survey revealed that 45% of the dentists, 80% of the students, and 50% of the laypersons preferred the 3D simulation. CONCLUSIONS The type of dimensional representation affected the esthetic perception of all participants. 3D simulations obtained higher esthetic ratings for the same esthetic discrepancy than 2D simulations. However, all participants' ratings decreased with increased tilt of the OP and were further decreased with the inclination of the dental midline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla-León
- Advance Education in General Dentistry, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX.,Graduate in Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark T Ashby
- Advance Education in General Dentistry, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
| | - Matthew J Meyer
- Advance Education in General Dentistry, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
| | - Mikhail Umorin
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
| | - Jennifer J Barrington
- Department of General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
| | - Amirali Zandinejad
- Advance Education in General Dentistry, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
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Crockett RJ, Shah KC. Transferring dentofacial analyzer into analog workflow with CAD digitization: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 123:45-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Amornvit P, Sanohkan S. The Accuracy of Digital Face Scans Obtained from 3D Scanners: An In Vitro Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16245061. [PMID: 31842255 PMCID: PMC6950499 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Face scanners promise wide applications in medicine and dentistry, including facial recognition, capturing facial emotions, facial cosmetic planning and surgery, and maxillofacial rehabilitation. Higher accuracy improves the quality of the data recorded from the face scanner, which ultimately, will improve the outcome. Although there are various face scanners available on the market, there is no evidence of a suitable face scanner for practical applications. The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the face scans obtained from four scanners; EinScan Pro (EP), EinScan Pro 2X Plus (EP+) (Shining 3D Tech. Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China), iPhone X (IPX) (Apple Store, Cupertino, CA, USA), and Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid (PM) (Planmeca USA, Inc. IL, USA), and to compare scans obtained from various scanners with the control (measured from Vernier caliper). This should help to identify the appropriate scanner for face scanning. A master face model was created and printed from polylactic acid using the resolution of 200 microns on x, y, and z axes and designed in Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). The face models were 3D scanned with four scanners, five times, according to the manufacturer's recommendations; EinScan Pro (Shining 3D Tech. Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China), EinScan Pro 2X Plus (Shining 3D Tech. Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China) using Shining Software, iPhone X (Apple Store, Cupertino, CA, USA) using Bellus3D Face Application (Bellus3D, version 1.6.2, Bellus3D, Inc. Campbell, CA, USA), and Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid (PM) (Planmeca USA, Inc. IL, USA). Scan data files were saved as stereolithography (STL) files for the measurements. From the STL files, digital face models are created in the computer using Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). Various measurements were measured five times from the reference points in three axes (x, y, and z) using a digital Vernier caliper (VC) (Mitutoyo 150 mm Digital Caliper, Mitutoyo Co., Kanagawa, Japan), and the mean was calculated, which was used as the control. Measurements were measured on the digital face models of EP, EP+, IPX, and PM using Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). The descriptive statistics were done from SPSS version 20 (IBM Company, Chicago, USA). One-way ANOVA with post hoc using Scheffe was done to analyze the differences between the control and the scans (EP, EP+, IPX, and PM). The significance level was set at p = 0.05. EP+ showed the highest accuracy. EP showed medium accuracy and some lesser accuracy (accurate until 10 mm of length), but IPX and PM showed the least accuracy. EP+ showed accuracy in measuring the 2 mm of depth (diameter 6 mm). All other scanners (EP, IPX, and PM) showed less accuracy in measuring depth. Finally, the accuracy of an optical scan is dependent on the technology used by each scanner. It is recommended to use EP+ for face scanning.
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Ritschl LM, Wolff KD, Erben P, Grill FD. Simultaneous, radiation-free registration of the dentoalveolar position and the face by combining 3D photography with a portable scanner and impression-taking. Head Face Med 2019; 15:28. [PMID: 31767030 PMCID: PMC6876115 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-019-0212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Simultaneous, radiation-free registration of the teeth and the upper and lower jaw positions in relation to the extraoral soft tissue could improve treatment planning and documentation. The purpose of this study is to describe a workflow to solve this form of registration and surface acquisition with a mobile device. Methods Facial scans of ten healthy participants were taken using a blue-light LED 3D scanner (Artec® Space Spider; Artec® Group; Luxembourg). An impression of the maxillary dentoalveolar arch was taken simultaneously to the 3D photo using a modified impression tray with two different extraoral registration geometries (sphere vs. cross). Following, an impression of the mandibular dentoalveolar arch was taken once. Both impressions were scanned with the 3D scanner. All resulting standard tesselation language (.stl) files of the geometries were compared to the original, virtual .stl files and the root mean square errors (RMSE) were calculated for each surface (Artec Studio 13 Professional × 64; Artec® Group; Luxembourg) to determine which geometry serves as a better reference for intra-extraoral registration. Results The RMSE between the original geometries and the scanned counterfeits were statistically lower for spherical geometries (p < 0.008). Once scanned and aligned, both geometries enabled an alignment of the intra- and extraoral scan. However, the spherical geometries showed virtually better results without significance (p = 0.70). Conclusions The presented study provides a radiation-free solution for simultaneous dentoalveolar correlations in relation to the extraoral soft tissue. Spherical geometries achieved more precise and easier intra-extraoral alignments using the applied mobile 3D scanner and workflow.
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Piedra-cascón W, Hsu VT, Revilla-león M. Facially Driven Digital Diagnostic Waxing: New Software Features to Simulate and Define Restorative Outcomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 6:284-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s40496-019-00233-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Michelinakis G, Nikolidakis D. Using the surgical guide for impression-free digital bite registration in the edentulous maxilla-a technical note. Int J Implant Dent 2019; 5:19. [PMID: 31115829 PMCID: PMC6529490 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-019-0172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies reporting on the application of digital bite registration for fully edentulous patients rehabilitated with dental implants are scarce. This article describes a technique for intraoral digital registration of the occlusal vertical dimension in a fully edentulous maxilla to be rehabilitated with a fixed implant prosthesis. Following fully guided placement of six maxillary implants, the surgical stent duplicating the existing upper full denture was securely fixed on two anterior implants and sectioned along the center line of the hard palate. An intraoral scanner was used for the digital impression of the maxilla and dentate mandible. The occlusal vertical dimension was registered on each side using the contralateral part of the surgical guide along with the scanbodies on each side. The procedure allowed for the precise digital mounting of the digitized jaws. The maxilla was restored with a full-arch implant-supported prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Michelinakis
- Crete Implants Private Dental Practice, 5 Riga Feraiou Sqr, 71201, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Shah KC, Chao D, Wu BM, Jensen OT. Shape-Memory Retained Complete Arch Guided Implant Treatment Using Nitinol (Smileloc) Abutments. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2019; 31:427-435. [PMID: 31088711 DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A case report of a complete arch interim prosthesis executed using digital work flows and with guided implant surgery is presented. The novel shape-memory retained system used to retain the complete dental prosthesis is easily indexed onto the remaining dentition, thereby being both efficient and cost-effective in the short and long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar C Shah
- Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angele (UCLA), 10833 LeConte Avenue, B3-087CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Denny Chao
- Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angele (UCLA), 10833 LeConte Avenue, B3-087CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Benjamin M Wu
- Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California Los Angele (UCLA), 10833 LeConte Avenue, B3-087CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ole T Jensen
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Utah, School of Dentistry, 530 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA
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48
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Cascón WP, de Gopegui JR, Revilla-león M. Facially generated and additively manufactured baseplate and occlusion rim for treatment planning a complete-arch rehabilitation: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:741-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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49
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Ballo AM, Nguyen CT, Lee VSK. Digital Workflow of Auricular Rehabilitation: A Technical Report Using an Intraoral Scanner. J Prosthodont 2019; 28:596-600. [PMID: 30887663 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosthodontic rehabilitation of a congenital or acquired defect of the ear is considered a challenging and skill-dependent procedure. This technical report describes a novel approach for direct digital scanning of the unaffected contralateral ear using an intraoral scanner and external markers. The obtained digital data of the ear was exported, digitally mirrored, and successfully positioned to a virtual model of a human head with a missing ear. This technique demonstrates the potential application of CAD/CAM in the design and fabrication of an auricular prosthesis for patients with a unilateral ear defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Ballo
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Caroline T Nguyen
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Vincent S K Lee
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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50
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Park J, Oh KC, Shim J. Integration of intraoral digital scans with a 3D facial scan for anterior tooth rehabilitation. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:394-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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