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Chen S, Wang C. Health benefits from the reduction of PM 2.5 concentrations under carbon tax and emission trading scheme: a case study in China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:36631-36645. [PMID: 36562978 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24781-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate policies could improve air quality, thereby generating health benefits and thus increasing labour input for economic growth. Nevertheless, health benefits are usually overlooked in evaluation frameworks of climate policies. In this paper, a dynamic recursive computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is adopted to define how climate policies are related to air pollution, namely [Formula: see text] concentrations. Health benefits of climate policies are divided into reduction of [Formula: see text]-related morbidity and mortality. The CGE model results show that both carbon tax and emission trading scheme (ETS) decrease morbidity and mortality; therefore, under climate policies, [Formula: see text]-related labour loss decreases, and thus increasing labour input triggers an economic boom. Carbon tax generates more health benefits in short term, while health benefits of ETS policy will gradually increase in long term. Hence, we conclude that regarding health benefits, a long-term ETS policy is preferable to a long-term carbon tax. This finding implies that the recently established nationwide ETS market in China is meaningful, as it will generate more health benefits in future. Nevertheless, the quantified health benefits in this paper still cannot compensate GDP loss induced by climate policy implementations, implying that it is a challenging task to unbiasedly model health benefits of climate policies. Hence, we have recommended that the scopes and contents of health benefits should be expanded in evaluations of climate policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Can Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
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Graham H, Harrison A, Lampard P. Public Perceptions of Climate Change and Its Health Impacts: Taking Account of People's Exposure to Floods and Air Pollution. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:2246. [PMID: 35206433 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Climate change-related exposures such as flooding and ambient air pollution place people’s health at risk. A representative UK survey of adults investigated associations between reported flooding and air pollution (in the participants’ local area, by the participant personally, and/or by family and close friends) and climate change concerns (CCC) and perceptions of its health impacts (PIH). In regression analyses controlling for socio-demographic factors and health status, exposure was associated with greater CCC and more negative PIH. Compared to those with low CCC, participants who reported local-area exposure were significantly more likely to be fairly (OR 2.07, 95%CI 1.26, 3.40) or very concerned (OR 3.40, 95%CI 2.02, 5.71). Odds of greater CCC were higher for those reporting personal and/or family exposure (‘fairly concerned’: OR 2.83, 95%CI 1.20, 6.66; ‘very concerned’: OR 4.11, 95%CI 1.69, 10.05) and for those reporting both local and personal/family exposure (‘fairly concerned’: OR 3.35, 95%CI 1.99, 5.63; ‘very concerned’: OR 6.17, 95%CI 3.61, 10.55). For PIH, local exposure significantly increased the odds of perceiving impacts as ‘more bad than good’ (1.86, 95%CI 1.22, 2.82) or ‘entirely bad’ (OR 1.88; 95%CI 1.13, 3.13). Our study suggests that public awareness of climate-related exposures in their local area, together with personal exposures and those of significant others, are associated with heightened concern about climate change and its health impacts.
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Sharp CA, Bellis MA, Hughes K, Ford K, Di Lemma LCG. Public acceptability of public health policy to improve population health: A population-based survey. Health Expect 2020; 23:802-812. [PMID: 32329938 PMCID: PMC7495082 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For public health policies to be effective, it is critical that they are acceptable to the public as acceptance levels impact success rate. OBJECTIVE To explore public acceptance of public health statements and examine differences in acceptability across socio-demographics, health behaviours (physical activity, diet, binge drinking and smoking), health status and well-being. METHOD A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a nationally representative sample (N = 1001) using a random stratified sampling method. Face-to-face interviews were conducted at homes of residents in Wales aged 16+ years. Individuals reported whether they agreed, had no opinion, or disagreed with 12 public health statements. RESULTS More than half of the sample were supportive of 10 out of 12 statements. The three statements with the greatest support (>80% agreement) reflected the importance of: a safe and loving childhood to becoming a healthy adult, schools teaching about health, and healthier foods costing less. Individuals who engaged in unhealthy behaviours were less likely to agree with some of the statements (eg 39.8% of binge drinkers agreed alcohol adverts should be banned compared to 57.6% of those who never binge drink; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Findings show an appetite for public health policies among the majority of the public. The relationship between supporting policies and engaging in healthy behaviours suggests a feedback loop that is potentially capable of shifting both public opinion and the opportunities for policy intervention. If a nation becomes healthier, this could illicit greater support for stronger policies which could encourage more people to move in a healthier direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A. Sharp
- Public Health Collaborating UnitSchool of Health SciencesBangor UniversityWrexhamUK
| | - Mark A. Bellis
- Public Health Collaborating UnitSchool of Health SciencesBangor UniversityWrexhamUK
- Policy and International Health DirectorateWorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Well‐beingPublic Health WalesWrexhamUK
| | - Karen Hughes
- Public Health Collaborating UnitSchool of Health SciencesBangor UniversityWrexhamUK
- Policy and International Health DirectorateWorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Well‐beingPublic Health WalesWrexhamUK
| | - Kat Ford
- Public Health Collaborating UnitSchool of Health SciencesBangor UniversityWrexhamUK
| | - Lisa C. G. Di Lemma
- Policy and International Health DirectorateWorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Well‐beingPublic Health WalesWrexhamUK
- Faculty of Health and Social CareUniversity of ChesterChesterUK
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Loubière S, Taylor O, Tinland A, Vargas-Moniz M, O'Shaughnessy B, Bokszczanin A, Kallmen H, Bernad R, Wolf J, Santinello M, Loundou A, Ornelas J, Auquier P. Europeans' willingness to pay for ending homelessness: A contingent valuation study. Soc Sci Med 2020; 247:112802. [PMID: 32045825 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the utility value European citizens put on an innovative social program aimed at reducing homelessness. The Housing First (HF) model involves access to regular, scattered, independent and integrated housing in the community with the support of a multidisciplinary team. Currently, HF is not implemented by most European countries or funded by healthcare or social plans, but randomised controlled trials have stressed significant results for improved housing stability, recovery and healthcare services use. The broader implementation of HF across Europe would benefit from a better understanding of citizens' preferences and "willingness to pay" (WTP) for medico-social interventions like HF. We conducted a representative telephone survey between March and December 2017 in eight European countries (France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden). Respondent's WTP for HF (N = 5631) was assessed through a contingent valuation method with a bidding algorithm. 42.3% of respondents were willing to pay more taxes to reduce homelessness through the HF model, and significant differences were found between countries (p < 0.001); 30.4% of respondents who did not value the HF model were protest zeros (either contested the payment vehicle-taxes- or the survey instrument). Respondents were willing to pay €28.2 (±11) through annual taxation for the HF model. Respondents with higher educational attainment, who paid national taxes, reported positive attitudes about homelessness, or reported practices to reduce homelessness (donations, volunteering) were more likely to value the HF model, with some countries' differences also related to factors at the environmental level. These findings inform key stakeholders that European citizens are aware of the issue of homelessness in their countries and that scaling up the HF model across Europe is both feasible and likely to have public support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Loubière
- Aix-Marseille University, School of Medicine - La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: CEReSS - Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 13385, Marseille, France; Department of Research and Innovation, Support Unit for Clinical Research and Economic Evaluation, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13385, Marseille, France.
| | - Owen Taylor
- Aix-Marseille University, School of Medicine - La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: CEReSS - Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 13385, Marseille, France.
| | - Aurelie Tinland
- Aix-Marseille University, School of Medicine - La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: CEReSS - Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 13385, Marseille, France; MARSS Outreach Team, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13001, Marseille, France.
| | - Maria Vargas-Moniz
- APPsyCI (Applied Psychology Research Center: Capabilities and Inclusion), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | | | - Anna Bokszczanin
- Institute of Psychology, Opole University, Pl. Staszica 1, 45-052, Opole, Poland.
| | - Hakan Kallmen
- STAD, Stockholm Center for Psychiatry Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stati Onsgatan 69, 113 64, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Judith Wolf
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Impuls - Netherlands Center for Social Care Research, Geert Grooteplein 27, 6525, EZ Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Massimo Santinello
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, 8 - 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Anderson Loundou
- Aix-Marseille University, School of Medicine - La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: CEReSS - Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 13385, Marseille, France; Department of Research and Innovation, Support Unit for Clinical Research and Economic Evaluation, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13385, Marseille, France.
| | - Jose Ornelas
- APPsyCI (Applied Psychology Research Center: Capabilities and Inclusion), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Pascal Auquier
- Aix-Marseille University, School of Medicine - La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: CEReSS - Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 13385, Marseille, France; Department of Research and Innovation, Support Unit for Clinical Research and Economic Evaluation, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13385, Marseille, France.
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Graham H, de Bell S, Hanley N, Jarvis S, White PCL. Re: Letter to the Editor of Public Health in response to 'Willingness to pay for policies to reduce future deaths from climate change: evidence from a British survey'. Public Health 2020; 179:197. [PMID: 31902445 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Graham
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - S de Bell
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK
| | - N Hanley
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - S Jarvis
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - P C L White
- Environment and Geography Department, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5NG, UK
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