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Thapa RK, Diep DB, Tønnesen HH. Nanomedicine-based antimicrobial peptide delivery for bacterial infections: recent advances and future prospects. J Pharm Investig 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained wide interest as viable alternatives to antibiotics owing to their potent antimicrobial effects and the low propensity of resistance development. However, their physicochemical properties (solubility, charge, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity), stability issues (proteolytic or enzymatic degradation, aggregation, chemical degradation), and toxicities (interactions with blood components or cellular toxicities) limit their therapeutic applications.
Area covered
Nanomedicine-based therapeutic delivery is an emerging concept. The AMP loaded nanoparticles have been prepared and investigated for their antimicrobial effects. In this review, we will discuss different nanomedicine-based AMP delivery systems including metallic nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and their hybrid systems along with their future prospects for potent antimicrobial efficacy.
Expert opinion
Nanomedicine-based AMP delivery is a recent approach to the treatment of bacterial infections. The advantageous properties of nanoparticles including the enhancement of AMP stability, controlled release, and targetability make them suitable for the augmentation of AMP activity. Modifications in the nanomedicine-based approach are required to overcome the problems of nanoparticle instability, shorter residence time, and toxicity. Future rigorous studies for both the AMP loaded nanoparticle preparation and characterization, and detailed evaluations of their in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial effects and toxicities, are essential.
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Qiu G, Zhao L, Liu X, Zhao Q, Liu F, Liu Y, Liu Y, Gu H. ROMP synthesis of benzaldehyde-containing amphiphilic block polynorbornenes used to conjugate drugs for pH-responsive release. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Piotrowska U, Oledzka E, Kamysz W, Białek S, Sobczak M. The Effect of Polymer Microstructure on Encapsulation Efficiency and Release Kinetics of Citropin 1.1 from the Poly(ε-caprolactone) Microparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:E482. [PMID: 29966346 PMCID: PMC6071209 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cationic antimicrobial peptides represent a promising therapeutic option against multidrug-resistant bacteria for the treatment of local infections. However, due to their low stability and potential toxicity, there are limited possibilities for their application in clinical practice. In this study, different poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) microparticles (MPs) loaded with citropin 1.1 (CIT) were investigated in order to demonstrate the effect of the polymer microstructure on the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and kinetics of the peptide release from the newly developed devices. The characteristics of the new systems in terms of surface morphology, particle size, EE and zeta potential analysis, as well as the haemolytic activities of the peptide were investigated. The in vitro release kinetics of CIT from the MPs was also investigated. CIT loading was favoured by a high content of negative charged linear polymer chains in the PCL structure. The presence of non-charged, amorphous macrocycle domains results in faster degradation of the PCL matrix. Depending on the crystallinity of the PCL, the peptide release exhibited a near-zero-order or near-first-order profile with no “burst release”. The results indicated that CIT-loaded PCL MPs could potentially be a promising drug delivery system (DDS) for the treatment of local infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Piotrowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Design, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 27 Chrobrego St., 26-600 Radom, Poland.
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107 St., 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Białek
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Design, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 27 Chrobrego St., 26-600 Radom, Poland.
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Piotrowska U, Oledzka E, Zgadzaj A, Bauer M, Sobczak M. A Novel Delivery System for the Controlled Release~of Antimicrobial Peptides: Citropin 1.1 and Temporin A. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10050489. [PMID: 30966523 PMCID: PMC6415511 DOI: 10.3390/polym10050489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are prospective therapeutic options for treating multiple-strain infections. However, clinical and commercial development of AMPs has some limitations due to their limited stability, low bioavailability, and potential hemotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to develop new polymeric carriers as highly controlled release devices for amphibian peptides citropin 1.1 (CIT) and temporin A (TEMP). The release rate of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) was strongly dependent on the API characteristics and the matrix microstructure. In the current work, we investigated the effect of the polymer microstructure on in vitro release kinetics of AMPs. Non-contact laser profilometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to determine the structural changes during matrix degradation. Moreover, geno- and cytotoxicity of the synthesized new carriers were evaluated. The in vitro release study of AMPs from the obtained non-toxic matrices shows that peptides were released with near-zero-order kinetics. The peptide “burst release” effect was not observed. New devices have reached the therapeutic concentration of AMPs within 24 h and maintained it for 28 days. Hence, our results suggest that these polymeric devices could be potentially used as therapeutic options for the treatment of local infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Piotrowska
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Design, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 27 Chrobrego St., 26-600 Radom, Poland.
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Zgadzaj
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Bauer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107 St., 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Design, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 27 Chrobrego St., 26-600 Radom, Poland.
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Piotrowska U, Sobczak M, Oledzka E. Current state of a dual behaviour of antimicrobial peptides-Therapeutic agents and promising delivery vectors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:1079-1093. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Piotrowska
- Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Department of Biomaterials Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Department of Biomaterials Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Ewa Oledzka
- Chair of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Department of Biomaterials Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division; Medical University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
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Piotrowska U, Sobczak M, Oledzka E. Characterization of Aliphatic Polyesters Synthesized via Enzymatic Ring-Opening Polymerization in Ionic Liquids. Molecules 2017; 22:E923. [PMID: 28574463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of ionic liquids (ILs) on the microstructural features of aliphatic polyesters for biomedical applications, a series of copolymers were synthesized by lipase ring opening polymerization of rac-lactide (rac-LA) and ε-caprolactone (CL). The chemical structures of resulting polymers were characterized by 1H- and 13C-NMR and the average molecular weight (Mn) and dispersity index were characterized by gel permeation chromatography. The structure of the copolymers confirms the presence of linear polymer chains with end-functional hydroxyl groups allowing covalent coupling of the therapeutic agents. Chain microstructure of copolymers indicates the presence of both random and block copolymers depending on the synthesis conditions. Moreover, it was found that CL is the most active co-monomer during copolymerization which enhances the polymerizability of rac-LA and allows to obtain higher Mn of the copolymers. The results demonstrate that ILs could be promising solvents in synthesis of aliphatic esters for biomedical applications.
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Oledzka E, Dyrka M, Sobczak M, Zgadzaj A, Nalecz-Jawecki G. An alternative approach to controlled release of oxprenolol from the implantable delivery system based on biodegradable copolymer and genistein. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2015.1132915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Oledzka E, Pachowska D, Sobczak M, Lis-cieplak A, Nalecz-jawecki G, Zgadzaj A, Kolodziejski W. Conjugation of ß-Adrenergic Antagonist Alprenolol to Implantable Polymer-Aescin Matrices for Local Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2015; 7:1820-36. [DOI: 10.3390/polym7091484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Oledzka E, Sawicka A, Sobczak M, Nalecz-Jawecki G, Skrzypczak A, Kolodziejski W. Prazosin-Conjugated Matrices Based on Biodegradable Polymers and α-Amino Acids--Synthesis, Characterization, and in Vitro Release Study. Molecules 2015; 20:14533-51. [PMID: 26274943 PMCID: PMC6332215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200814533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel and promising macromolecular conjugates of the α1-adrenergic blocker prazosin were directly synthesized by covalent incorporation of the drug to matrices composed of biodegradable polymers and α-amino acids for the development of a polymeric implantable drug delivery carrier. The cyto- and genotoxicity of the synthesized matrices were evaluated using a bacterial luminescence test, protozoan assay, and Salmonella typhimurium TA1535. A new urethane bond was formed between the hydroxyl end-groups of the synthesized polymer matrices and an amine group of prazosin, using 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as a coupling agent. The structure of the polymeric conjugates was characterized by various spectroscopy techniques. A study of hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H-NMR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermodiagrams indicated that the presence of prazosin pendant groups in the macromolecule structures increased the polymer's rigidity alongside increasing glass transition temperature. It has been found that the kinetic release of prazosin from the obtained macromolecular conjugates, tested in vitro under different conditions, is strongly dependent on the physicochemical properties of polymeric matrices. Furthermore, the presence of a urethane bond in the macromolecular conjugates allowed for obtaining a relatively controlled release profile of the drug. The obtained results confirm that the pharmacokinetics of prazosin might be improved through the synthesis of polymeric conjugates containing biomedical polymers and α-amino acids in the macromolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Oledzka
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - Anna Sawicka
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Nalecz-Jawecki
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - Agata Skrzypczak
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - Waclaw Kolodziejski
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
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Oledzka E, Sliwerska P, Sobczak M, Kraska B, Kamysz W, Nalecz-Jawecki G, Kolodziejski W. Peptide Dendrimer Functionalized with Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymers: Synthesis and Characterization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Oledzka
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Medical University of Warsaw; Faculty of Pharmacy; Banacha 1 Warsaw 02-097 Poland
| | - Patrycja Sliwerska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Medical University of Warsaw; Faculty of Pharmacy; Banacha 1 Warsaw 02-097 Poland
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Medical University of Warsaw; Faculty of Pharmacy; Banacha 1 Warsaw 02-097 Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Kraska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Medical University of Gdansk; Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107 Gdansk 80-416 Poland
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Medical University of Gdansk; Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107 Gdansk 80-416 Poland
| | - Grzegorz Nalecz-Jawecki
- Department of Environmental Health Science; Medical University of Warsaw; Faculty of Pharmacy; Banacha 1 Warsaw 02-097 Poland
| | - Waclaw Kolodziejski
- Department of Environmental Health Science; Medical University of Warsaw; Faculty of Pharmacy; Banacha 1 Warsaw 02-097 Poland
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Piotrowska U, Sobczak M. Enzymatic polymerization of cyclic monomers in ionic liquids as a prospective synthesis method for polyesters used in drug delivery systems. Molecules 2014; 20:1-23. [PMID: 25546617 PMCID: PMC6272625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable or bioresorbable polymers are commonly used in various pharmaceutical fields (e.g., as drug delivery systems, therapeutic systems or macromolecular drug conjugates). Polyesters are an important class of polymers widely utilized in pharmacy due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility features. In recent years, there has been increased interest in enzyme-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization (e-ROP) of cyclic esters as an alternative method of preparation of biodegradable or bioresorbable polymers. Ionic liquids (ILs) have been presented as green solvents in enzymatic ring-opening polymerization. The activity, stability, selectivity of enzymes in ILs and the ability to catalyze polyester synthesis under these conditions are discussed. Overall, the review demonstrates that e-ROP of lactones or lactides could be an effective method for the synthesis of useful biomedical polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Piotrowska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.
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