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Kavitha V, Viswanathamurthi P, Haribabu J, Echeverria C. A new nitrile vinyl linked ultrafast receptor to track cyanide ions: Utilization on realistic samples and HeLa cell imaging. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 295:122607. [PMID: 36921522 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A simple D - A (donor - acceptor) type receptor ((2E, 2'E)-3, 3'-(10-octyl-10H-phenothiazine-3,7-diyl)bis(2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)acrylonitrile)) (PBTA) containing nitrile-vinyl linkage was designed and completely characterized. The receptor PBTA detects CN- ions based on "turn-off" effect with admirable spectral properties. It also owns some of the merits like "naked-eye" color change, ultrafast response (90 s), lowest detection limit (1.25 × 10-10 M) as well as quantitation limit (4.17 × 10-10 M) with the pH range 4-11 which is more suitable pH to make use of the receptor PBTA in physiological medium. The instant detecting ability of the receptor over CN- ions was proved using paper test strip and cotton balls. Further, the utilization of the receptor PBTA was also extended to track CN- ions in realistic samples (water and food samples) and in HeLa cells bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jebiti Haribabu
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Los Carreras 1579, Copiapo 1532502, Chile
| | - Cesar Echeverria
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Los Carreras 1579, Copiapo 1532502, Chile
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2
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Satheeshkumar K, Saravanakumar P, Kalavathi A, Vennila KN, Ciattini S, Chelazzi L, Elango KP. A highly selective probe for fluorometric sensing of cyanide in an aqueous solution and its application in quantitative determination and living cell imaging. Methods 2023; 215:1-9. [PMID: 37187297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple fluorescent probe (KS4) containing multiple reaction sites (phenolic -OH, imine and C = C bonds) is successfully synthesized and characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass and single crystal XRD techniques. KS4 exhibits high selectivity towards CN- over a wide range of common anions in H2O:DMSO (1:1 v/v) leading to an amazing turn-on fluorescence at 505 nm via deprotonation of the phenolic -OH group. The limit of detection (1.3 µM) for CN- was much below the standard (1.9 µM) set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Stoichiometry of the interaction between KS4 and CN- was ascertained as 1:1 by the Job's plot method and the binding constant was determined to be 1.5x104 M-1. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) based theoretical insight has been appealed to understand the optical properties of KS4 before and after the addition of CN- ion. The probe shows respectable real-time applicability for qualitative detection of CN- in almond and cassava powder as well as quantification in real water samples with excellent recoveries (98.8 - 99.8%). In addition, KS4 is found to safe towards living HeLa cells and successfully applied to the detection of endogenous cyanide ions in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Satheeshkumar
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - P Saravanakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - A Kalavathi
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - K N Vennila
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - S Ciattini
- Structural Crystallography Centre, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - L Chelazzi
- Structural Crystallography Centre, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Kuppanagounder P Elango
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India.
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3
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Kalavathi A, Saravana Kumar P, Satheeshkumar K, Vennila K, Ciattini S, Chelazzi L, Elango KP. Spectroscopic and TD-DFT studies on sequential fluorescent detection of Cu(II) and HS- ions in an aqueous solution. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Meng WQ, Sedgwick AC, Kwon N, Sun M, Xiao K, He XP, Anslyn EV, James TD, Yoon J. Fluorescent probes for the detection of chemical warfare agents. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:601-662. [PMID: 36149439 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00650b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are toxic chemicals that have been intentionally developed for targeted and deadly use on humans. Although intended for military targets, the use of CWAs more often than not results in mass civilian casualties. To prevent further atrocities from occurring during conflicts, a global ban was implemented through the chemical weapons convention, with the aim of eliminating the development, stockpiling, and use of CWAs. Unfortunately, because of their relatively low cost, ease of manufacture and effectiveness on mass populations, CWAs still exist in today's world. CWAs have been used in several recent terrorist-related incidents and conflicts (e.g., Syria). Therefore, they continue to remain serious threats to public health and safety and to global peace and stability. Analytical methods that can accurately detect CWAs are essential to global security measures and for forensic analysis. Small molecule fluorescent probes have emerged as attractive chemical tools for CWA detection, due to their simplicity, ease of use, excellent selectivity and high sensitivity, as well as their ability to be translated into handheld devices. This includes the ability to non-invasively image CWA distribution within living systems (in vitro and in vivo) to permit in-depth evaluation of their biological interactions and allow potential identification of therapeutic countermeasures. In this review, we provide an overview of the various reported fluorescent probes that have been designed for the detection of CWAs. The mechanism for CWA detection, change in optical output and application for each fluorescent probe are described in detail. The limitations and challenges of currently developed fluorescent probes are discussed providing insight into the future development of this research area. We hope the information provided in this review will give readers a clear understanding of how to design a fluorescent probe for the detection of a specific CWA. We anticipate that this will advance our security systems and provide new tools for environmental and toxicology monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Meng
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Adam C Sedgwick
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Nahyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
| | - Mingxue Sun
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Kai Xiao
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xiao-Peng He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, China. .,The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
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5
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Keleş E, Aydıner B, Seferoğlu Z. Nucleophilic Approach to Cyanide Sensing by Chemosensors. Curr Org Synth 2023; 20:61-76. [PMID: 34939545 DOI: 10.2174/1570179419666211221163435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyanide anion has wide use in industrial areas; however, it has a high toxic effect on the environment as waste. Moreover, plant seeds contain cyanide that is often consumed by human beings. Therefore, many studies are carried out to determine cyanide. Especially, optical sensors showing colorimetric and fluorimetric changes have been of considerable interest due to their easy, cheap, and fast responses. This review discusses recent developments in the colorimetric and fluorimetric detection of cyanide by nucleophilic addition to different types of receptors via the chemodosimeter approach. The sensitivity and selectivity of the sensors have been reviewed for changes in absorption and fluorescence, naked-eye detection, real sample application, and detection limits when interacting with cyanide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ergin Keleş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
- Technological Dyes and Materials Application and Research Center (TEBAM), Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Aydıner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
- Technological Dyes and Materials Application and Research Center (TEBAM), Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynel Seferoğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
- Technological Dyes and Materials Application and Research Center (TEBAM), Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
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Chen W, Liang H, Wen X, Li Z, Xiong H, Tian Q, Yan M, Tan Y, Royal G. Synchronous colorimetric determination of CN−, F−, and H2PO4− based on structural manipulation of hydrazone sensors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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7
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Nandhini C, Saravana Kumar P, Shanmugapriya R, Vennila K, Al-Sehemi AG, Pannipara M, Elango KP. A combination of experimental and TD-DFT investigations on the fluorescent detection of sulfite and bisulfite ions in aqueous solution via nucleophilic addition reaction. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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9
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Wang J, He J, Zhang J, Chen Z, Liang J, Chen L. Controllable and reversible sensing cyanide ion using dual-functional Cu(II)-based ensemble. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 252:119526. [PMID: 33582438 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a dual-functional Cu2+-based ensemble (2S·Cu2+) was well designed and characterized. Then, the successional and discriminating sensing for CN- over other competitive species (H2PO4- and biothiols) was achieved based on the disaggregation of 2S·Cu2+ ensemble and the deprotonation of imidazole NH of regenerated sensor S in aqueous solution, respectively. The visual sensing mechanism could be clearly demonstrated by 1H NMR, HRMS and energy changes between the HOMO-LUMO band gaps. Furthermore, the reversibility and reusability of S and 2S·Cu2+ upon alternating addition of CN-/H+ and CN-/Cu2+ were studied. Interestingly, the sequential sensing for biothiols (cysteine, glutathione and homocysteine) and CN- was also realized through spectroscopic methodology and test paper strips. This work may provide a feasible strategy to discriminate CN- over H2PO4- and biothiols with high selectivity and sensitivity through Cu2+-based ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Key Lab of Functional Materials Chemistry of Guizhou Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Jinjun He
- Key Lab of Functional Materials Chemistry of Guizhou Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jinsheng Zhang
- Key Lab of Functional Materials Chemistry of Guizhou Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Key Lab of Functional Materials Chemistry of Guizhou Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jinfu Liang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Lab of Functional Materials Chemistry of Guizhou Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Nandhini C, Kumar PS, Poongodi K, Shanmugapriya R, Elango KP. Development of simple imine based probe for selective fluorescent cyanide sensing with red-emission in solid and solution phases. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Shanmugapriya R, Saravana Kumar P, Poongodi K, Nandhini C, Elango KP. 3-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic hydrazide as a probe for fluorescent detection of cyanide and aluminium ions in organic and aquo-organic media and its application in food and pharmaceutical samples. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 249:119315. [PMID: 33383461 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The commercially available fluorophore, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic hydrazide (RS2), has rationally been selected for the study, which displays a rapid fluorescent response and high sensitivity for CN- and Al(III) ions in neat DMSO and H2O-DMSO (1:1 v/v) media. The addition of CN- to RS2 triggers an enhancement in fluorescence at 505 nm (green fluorescence), while the addition of Al(III) increases the fluorescence of the probe with a blue-shift of emission maximum by 25 nm (bluish-green fluorescence). The probe's action was investigated by 1H NMR titrations that indicate deprotonation of OH and NH moieties by these ions. 27Al NMR of RS2-Al(III) complex suggests an octahedral geometry for the complex. The sensitivity of the fluorescent-based assays in aq. DMSO medium, 0.8 µM for CN- and 1.9 µM for Al(III) ions are far below the limits in the World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water. RS2 detects Al(III) by the chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) mechanism. Besides, RS2 was successfully applied to detect CN- and Al(III) ions in food materials and pharmaceutical samples, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shanmugapriya
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - P Saravana Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - K Poongodi
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - C Nandhini
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India
| | - Kuppanagounder P Elango
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram 624302, India.
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12
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Kumar PS, Ciattini S, Laura C, Elango KP. Fluorescent detection of Al(III) and CN− in solid and aqueous phases and their recognition in biological samples. J Mol Liq 2020; 317:113970. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Lakshmi PR, Kumar PS, Elango KP. A simple fluorophore-imine ensemble for colorimetric and fluorescent detection of CN - and HS - in aqueous solution. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 229:117974. [PMID: 31927478 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Colorimetric and fluorescent detection of cyanide and hydrogen sulfide ions has been effected using a simple organic probe in H2O:DMSO (20:80, v/v) medium. The probe exhibits a colour change from pale-yellow to red upon addition of these analytes under normal light and fluorescent change from green to red under UV lamp. Other competitive ions show no observable colour or fluorescence change. The binding constants of cyanide and hydrogen sulfide ions with the probe determined using fluorescence titration data are found to be 2.1 × 104 and 1.6 × 104 M-1, respectively. The probe fluorimetrically detects the analytes in a wide pH range (4-10). 1H and 13C NMR studies suggest that the probe senses cyanide ion through deprotonation and nucleophilic addition mechanism and hydrogen sulfide ion via deprotonation mechanism. Detection limits of cyanide and hydrogen sulfide are determined to be 0.15 and 1 μM, respectively. The practical utility of the probe has been demonstrated by same dual mode detection of cyanide in food materials like bitter almond, cassava flour and sprouting potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Raja Lakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, 624302, India
| | - P Saravana Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, 624302, India
| | - Kuppanagounder P Elango
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, 624302, India.
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