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Li CR, Deng YL, Miao Y, Zhang M, Zeng JY, Liu XY, Wu Y, Li YJ, Liu AX, Zhu JQ, Liu C, Zeng Q. Exposures to drinking water disinfection byproducts and kidney function in Chinese women. Environ Res 2024; 244:117925. [PMID: 38103773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disinfection byproducts (DBPs), the ubiquitous contaminants in drinking water, have been shown to impair renal function in experimental studies. However, epidemiological evidence is sparse. OBJECTIVE To investigate exposures to DBPs in associations with renal function among women. METHODS A total of 920 women from December 2018 to January 2020 were abstracted from the Tongji Reproductive and Environmental (TREE) Study, an ongoing cohort study in Wuhan, China. Urine samples were gathered at baseline recruitment and analyzed for dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) as biomarkers of DBP exposures. Serum uric acid (UA), creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were measured as indicators of renal function. Multivariate linear regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were conducted to assess urinary DCAA and TCAA concentrations in associations with renal function indicators. Stratified analyses by age and body mass index (BMI) were also performed. RESULTS We found null evidence of urinary TCAA in associations with renal function indicators. However, elevated urinary DCAA tertiles were related to decreased eGFR (β = -1.78%, 95% CI: 3.21%, -0.36%, comparing the upper vs. lower tertile; P for trend = 0.01). This inverse association still existed when urinary DCAA concentration was treated as a continuous variable, and the dose-response relationship was linear based on the RCS model (P for overall association = 0.002 and P for non-linear associations = 0.44). In the stratified analyses, we found an association of urinary DCAA concentration with decreased UA level among women <30 years but an association with increased UA level among women ≥30 years (P for interaction = 0.04). CONCLUSION Urinary DCAA but not TCAA was associated with impaired renal function among women undergoing assisted reproductive technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ru Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jia-Yue Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ying Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yang-Juan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - A-Xue Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jin-Qin Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Liu T, Wang J, Dang X, Wan S, Luo X, Tang W, Du H, Jin M, Li J, Li J. Investigation of the nephrotoxicity of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone disinfection by-product in mice through a 28-day toxicity test. Toxicology 2023; 487:153459. [PMID: 36787874 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (DCBQ) has become an emerging water disinfection by-product and widely distributed in disinfected water. Although kidney is a potential target of DCBQ, a systematic study of the in vivo nephrotoxicity of DCBQ is rare. In this study, a 28-day oral toxicity test was used to assess the nephrotoxic effects of DCBQ on mice. And the potential mechanisms of nephrotoxicity induced by DCBQ were explored through inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and gut microbiota. The results showed that the kidney indexes of mice were not altered in DCBQ-exposed group in comparison with the control group. The histopathological investigation revealed that DCBQ caused swollen of renal tube, destruction of the renal structure, and infiltration of inflammatory cell in kidney. DCBQ has induced oxidative damage in kidney, as the observation of the increase of the renal superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity. Also, DCBQ has triggered the inflammatory response in kidney through the increased expression of IL-1β, NF-κB and iNOS. Moreover, DCBQ has activated the apoptosis pathway, as indicated by the increased mRNA expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9. We eventually found an association between gut microbiota and nephrotoxic variables, demonstrating the importance of gut-kidney axis in DCBQ toxicity. Our results suggested that exposure to DCBQ in disinfected water might be a risk factor for kidney and provided novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of DCBQ-induced kidney injury, contributing to better interpretation of the health impact of the environmentally emerging contaminant DCBQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xinyue Dang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Siyu Wan
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xi Luo
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wen Tang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Haiying Du
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Minghua Jin
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Juan Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
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