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Liu Z, Huang S, Yuan X, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhou J. The role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of paediatric diseases. Ann Med 2023; 55:127-135. [PMID: 36495273 PMCID: PMC9744225 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2154381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Children's Vitamin D (VitD) fortification and supplementation are diminishing due to less outdoor exercise and insufficient VitD intake (low exogenous intake and endogenous malabsorption induced by gastrointestinal disease). Consequently, children in many developed countries suffer from VitD deficiency, which may contribute to many paediatric disorders. Our review briefly introduced the metabolic process of VitD, summarized the role of VitD in paediatric diseases such as autism, obesity, rickets and asthma. We sought to identify the link between VitD deficiency and these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Liu
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shiming Huang
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoli Yuan
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery Ward, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yannan Liu
- Nursing School, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Calle-Martínez A, Ruiz-Páez R, Gómez-González L, Egea-Ferrer A, López-Bueno JA, Díaz J, Asensio C, Navas MA, Linares C. Short-term effects of tropospheric ozone and other environmental factors on emergency admissions due to pregnancy complications: A time-series analysis in the Madrid Region. Environ Res 2023; 231:116206. [PMID: 37217123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has been linked to adverse neonatal outcomes, mainly in the case of prolonged exposures. This study focuses on the short-term effects on maternal health. We conducted a retrospective ecological time-series study in the Madrid Region covering the period 2013-2018. The independent variables were mean daily concentrations of tropospheric ozone (O3), particulate matter (PM10/PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), as well as noise levels. The dependent variables were daily emergency hospital admissions due to complications in pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. Poisson generalised linear regression models were fitted to quantify the relative and attributable risks, controlling for trend, seasonality, the autoregressive nature of the series, and a number of meteorological factors. There were 318 069 emergency hospital admissions due to obstetric complications across the 2191 days of study. Of this total: 13 164 (95%CI: 9930-16 398) admissions were attributable to exposure to O3, the only pollutant to show a statistically significant (p < 0.05) association with admissions due to hypertensive disorders; and 10 575 (95%CI: 3573-17 566) admissions were attributable to daytime noise levels, while admissions due to hyperemesis gravidarum and vomiting were related to exposure to night noise. Other pollutants which also displayed statistically significant associations were: NO2 concentrations, with admissions due to vomiting and preterm labour; PM10 concentrations, with premature rupture of membranes: and PM2.5 concentrations, with total complications. Exposure to a range of air pollutants, and ozone in particular, is associated with a higher number of emergency hospital admissions due to gestational complications. Hence, surveillance of environmental effects on maternal health should be intensified, and plans and strategies to minimise these should be drawn up.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Calle-Martínez
- Preventive Medicine Department, University Hospital of Móstoles, Móstoles, Spain
| | | | - L Gómez-González
- Climate Change, Health and Urban Environment Reference Unit, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Egea-Ferrer
- Preventive Medicine Department, Albacete University General Teaching Hospital, Castile-La Mancha, Spain
| | - J A López-Bueno
- Climate Change, Health and Urban Environment Reference Unit, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - J Díaz
- Climate Change, Health and Urban Environment Reference Unit, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Asensio
- Instrumentation and Applied Acoustics Research Group, Madrid Polytechnic University, Campus Sur, Ctra. Valencia Km 7, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Navas
- Climate Change, Health and Urban Environment Reference Unit, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - C Linares
- Climate Change, Health and Urban Environment Reference Unit, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Samad N, Azdee MAH, Imran I, Ahmad T, Alqahtani F. Mitigation of behavioral deficits and cognitive impairment by antioxidant and neuromodulatory potential of Mukia madrespatana in D-galactose treated rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103708. [PMID: 37415861 PMCID: PMC10320603 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants and their parts have been extensively used for the therapeutic purposes such as aging due to their powerful antioxidative belongings. Presently, we intended to examine the consequence of fruit peel of Mukia madrespatana (M.M) on D-galactose (D-Gal) persuaded anxiety and/or depression profile, cognition and serotonin metabolism in rats. Animals were divided in to 4 groups (n = 6). (i) Water treated (ii) D-Gal treated (iii) M.M. treated (iv) D-Gal + M.M. treated. All the animals received their respective treatment for 4 weeks. D-Gal and M.M. fruit peel were given to animals with oral gavage with doses 300 mg/ml/kg/day and 2 g/kg/day respectively. After 4 weeks' behavioral analysis performed to evaluate anxiety and depression profile, cognitive function of animals. After that animals were sacrificed and whole brain removed for biochemical (redox status, degradative enzyme of acetylcholine), and neurochemical (serotonin metabolism) analysis. Results showed that administration of M.M. inhibited D-Gal-instigated anxious and depressive behaviors and improved cognition. Treatment of M.M. decreased MDA levels, AChE activity and increased antioxidant enzyme activity in D-Gal administered and control rats. Enhanced serotonin metabolism also decreased by M.M. in control and D-Gal administered rats. In conclusion, M.M. fruit peel has powerful antioxidative and neuromodulatory properties and due to this effect, it may be a good source of mitigation/treatment for aging induced behavioral and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Institut Pour I, Avancee des Biosciences, Centre de Recherche UGA / INSERM U1209 / CNRS 5309, Universite Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Khurm M, Guo Y, Wu Q, Zhang X, Ghori MU, Rasool MF, Imran I, Saqib F, Wahid M, Guo Z. Conocarpus lancifolius (Combretaceae): Pharmacological Effects, LC-ESI-MS/MS Profiling and In Silico Attributes. Metabolites 2023; 13:794. [PMID: 37512501 PMCID: PMC10385132 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In folklore medicine, Conocarpus lancifolius is used to treat various illnesses. The main objective of this study was a comprehensive investigation of Conocarpus lancifolius leaf aqueous extract (CLAE) for its antioxidant, cardioprotective, anxiolytic, antidepressant and memory-enhancing capabilities by using different in vitro, in vivo and in silico models. The in vitro experimentation revealed that CLAE consumed an ample amount of total phenolics (67.70 ± 0.15 µg GAE/mg) and flavonoids (47.54 ± 0.45 µg QE/mg) with stronger antiradical effects through DPPH (IC50 = 16.66 ± 0.42 µg/mL), TAC (77.33 ± 0.41 µg AAE/mg) and TRP (79.11 ± 0.67 µg GAE/mg) assays. The extract also displayed suitable acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory (IC50 = 110.13 ± 1.71 µg/mL) activity through a modified Ellman's method. The toxicology examination presented no mortality or any signs of clinical toxicity in both single-dose and repeated-dose tests. In line with the cardioprotective study, the pretreatment of CLAE was found to be effective in relieving the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in rats by normalizing the heart weight index, serum cardiac biomarkers, lipid profile and various histopathological variations. In the noise-stress-induced model for behavior attributes, the results demonstrated that CLAE has the tendency to increase the time spent in the central zone and elevated open arms in the open field and elevated plus maze tests (examined for anxiety assessment), reduced periods of immobility in the forced swimming test (for depression) and improved recognition and working memory in the novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests, respectively. Moreover, the LC-ESI-MS/MS profiling predicted 53 phytocompounds in CLAE. The drug-likeness and ADMET analysis exhibited that the majority of the identified compounds have reasonable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles. The co-expression of molecular docking and network analysis indicated that top-ranked CLAE phytoconstituents act efficiently against the key proteins and target multiple signaling pathways to exert its cardiovascular-protectant, anxiolytic, antidepressant and memory-enhancing activity. Hence, this artifact illustrates that the observed biological properties of CLAE elucidate its significance as a sustainable source of bioactive phytochemicals, which appears to be advantageous for pursuing further studies for the development of new therapeutic agents of desired interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khurm
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Muhammad Umer Ghori
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Zengjun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Samad N, Rafeeque M, Imran I. Free-L-Cysteine improves corticosterone-induced behavioral deficits, oxidative stress and neurotransmission in rats. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 38:983-997. [PMID: 36507936 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01143-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
L-Cysteine (L-Cys) is a semi-essential amino acid. It serves as a substrate for enzyme cystathionine-β-synthase in the central nervous system (CNS). L-Cys showed various antioxidant characteristics. Though, studies on the effect of free L-Cys administration to evaluate the CNS functioning is very limited. Therefore, we assessed the effects of L-Cys on corticosterone (CORT) induced oxidative stress, behavioral deficits and memory impairment in male rats. L-Cys (150 mg/kg/ml) administered to vehicle and CORT (20 mg/kg/ml) treated rats orally for 28 days. Behavioral activities were conducted after treatment period. Subsequently, rats were sacrificed, blood and brain were removed. Hippocampus was isolated from brain and then hippocampus and plasma were collected for oxidative, biochemical and neurochemical analysis. Results showed that repeated treatment of L-Cys produced antidepressant, anxiolytic and memory-improving effects which may be ascribed to the enhanced antioxidant profile, normalized cholinergic, serotonergic neurotransmission in brain (hippocampus) following CORT administration. Increased plasma CORT by CORT administration was also normalized by L-Cys. The current study concluded that administration of free L-Cys improved the behavioral, biochemical, neurochemical and redox status of CNS. Hence, L-Cys could be protective therapeutic modulator against stress induced neurological ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Mikhba Rafeeque
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
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Samad N, Nasir A, Rehman MHU, Bhatti SA, Imran I. Adenosine protects D-galactose induced alterations in rat model of aging via attenuating neurochemical profile and redox status. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2483-2496. [PMID: 35870061 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01049-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the process that every organism faces. The aging model of brain has been developed by the use of d-galactose (d-Gal). Adenosine (Ad) being a neuroprotective agent that has been utilized in treatment of various neurological disorders. The aim of current study is to evaluate the outcome of Ad on d-Gal induced neurotoxicity which caused behavioral deficits, memory impairment and oxidative stress. Rats were treated with d-Gal at a dose of 300 mg/ml/kg and Ad 1 mg/ml/kg; intraperitoneally for 28 days. Behavioral assessment was performed after the treatment period. Animals were sacrificed after behavioral tests and their brains were collected, hippocampus were removed for biochemical and neurochemical analysis. The results showed that administration of Ad ameliorates the negative effects of d-Gal induced aging in various behavioral tests and increased the time spent in the open arm and light box in elevated plus maze (EPM) and light dark activity (LDA) tests respectively indicate anxiolytic effect; increased the mobility time in tail suspension test (TST) shows antidepressant effect; decreased escape latencies in Morris water maze (MWM) acquisition trials, increase entries and time spent in the target quadrant suggests improvement in learning ability of animals. Administration of Ad also decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, increased antioxidant enzymes activity; decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, increased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) metabolism and normalized histopathological alteration in the hippocampus. It is concluded that anxiety, depression and memory impairment induced by d-Gal were protected by Ad through its antioxidant and neuro-modulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Arooj Nasir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | | | - Sheraz Ahmed Bhatti
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
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