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Sahu S, Sahoo S, Sullivan T, O'Sullivan TN, Turan S, Albaugh ME, Burkett S, Tran B, Salomon DS, Kozlov SV, Koehler KR, Jolly MK, Sharan SK. Spatiotemporal modulation of growth factors directs the generation of multilineage mouse embryonic stem cell-derived mammary organoids. Dev Cell 2024; 59:175-186.e8. [PMID: 38159568 PMCID: PMC10872289 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Ectodermal appendages, such as the mammary gland (MG), are thought to have evolved from hair-associated apocrine glands to serve the function of milk secretion. Through the directed differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), here, we report the generation of multilineage ESC-derived mammary organoids (MEMOs). We adapted the skin organoid model, inducing the dermal mesenchyme to transform into mammary-specific mesenchyme via the sequential activation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) and Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein (PTHrP) and inhibition of hedgehog (HH) signaling. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified gene expression profiles that demonstrate the presence of mammary-specific epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and adipocytes. MEMOs undergo ductal morphogenesis in Matrigel and can reconstitute the MG in vivo. Further, we demonstrate that the loss of function in placode regulators LEF1 and TBX3 in mESCs results in impaired skin and MEMO generation. In summary, our MEMO model is a robust tool for studying the development of ectodermal appendages, and it provides a foundation for regenerative medicine and disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sounak Sahu
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sarthak Sahoo
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Teresa Sullivan
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - T Norene O'Sullivan
- Centre for Advanced Preclinical Research (CAPR), National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sevilay Turan
- Leidos Biomedical Sciences, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mary E Albaugh
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Leidos Biomedical Sciences, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sandra Burkett
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Bao Tran
- Leidos Biomedical Sciences, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - David S Salomon
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Serguei V Kozlov
- Centre for Advanced Preclinical Research (CAPR), National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Leidos Biomedical Sciences, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Karl R Koehler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Plastic & Oral Surgery, and the F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Shyam K Sharan
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Centre for Advanced Preclinical Research (CAPR), National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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2
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Grigoryeva E, Tashireva L, Alifanov V, Savelieva O, Zavyalova M, Menyailo M, Khozyainova A, Denisov EV, Bragina O, Popova N, Cherdyntseva NV, Perelmuter V. Integrin-associated transcriptional characteristics of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer patients. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16678. [PMID: 38250718 PMCID: PMC10800097 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Integrins enable cell communication with the basal membrane and extracellular matrix, activating signaling pathways and facilitating intracellular changes. Integrins in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a significant role in apoptosis evasion and anchor-independent survival. However, the link between CTCs expressing different integrin subunits, their transcriptional profile and, therefore, their functional activity with respect to metastatic potential remains unclear. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing of CD45-negative cell fraction of breast cancer patients was performed. All CTCs were divided into nine groups according to their integrin profile. Results СTCs without the gene expression of integrins or with the expression of non-complementary α and β subunits that cannot form heterodimers prevailed. Only about 15% of CTCs expressed integrin subunits which can form heterodimers. The transcriptional profile of CTCs appeared to be associated with the spectrum of expressed integrins. The lowest potential activity was observed in CTCs without integrin expression, while the highest frequency of expression of tumor progression-related genes, namely genes of stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines as well as laminin subunits, were observed in CTCs co-expressing ITGA6 and ITGB4. Validation on the protein level revealed that the median of integrin β4+ CTCs was higher in patients with more aggressive molecular subtypes as well as in metastatic breast cancer patients. One can expect that CTCs with ITGA6 and ITGB4 expression will have pronounced metastatic potencies manifesting in expression of EMT and stemness-related genes, as well as potential ability to produce chemokine/proinflammatory cytokines and laminins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya Grigoryeva
- The Laboratory of Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- The Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Liubov Tashireva
- The Laboratory of Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- The Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Alifanov
- The Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Olga Savelieva
- The Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Marina Zavyalova
- The Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maxim Menyailo
- The Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna Khozyainova
- The Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny V. Denisov
- The Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Olga Bragina
- The Department of Nuclear Therapy and Diagnostics, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nataliya Popova
- The Department of Chemotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V. Cherdyntseva
- The Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Perelmuter
- The Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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3
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Jena MK, Khan FB, Ali SA, Abdullah A, Sharma AK, Yadav V, Kancharla S, Kolli P, Mandadapu G, Sahoo AK, Rath PK, Taneera J, Kumar S, Mohanty AK, Goh KW, Ming LC, Ardianto C. Molecular complexity of mammary glands development: a review of lactogenic differentiation in epithelial cells. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2023; 51:491-508. [PMID: 37694522 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2023.2252872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The mammary gland is a dynamic organ with various physiological processes like cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis during the pregnancy-lactation-involution cycle. It is essential to understand the molecular changes during the lactogenic differentiation of mammary epithelial cells (MECs, the milk-synthesizing cells). The MECs are organized as luminal milk-secreting cells and basal myoepithelial cells (responsible for milk ejection by contraction) that form the alveoli. The branching morphogenesis and lactogenic differentiation of the MECs prepare the gland for lactation. This process is governed by many molecular mediators including hormones, growth factors, cytokines, miRNAs, regulatory proteins, etc. Interestingly, various signalling pathways guide lactation and understanding these molecular transitions from pregnancy to lactation will help researchers design further research. Manipulation of genes responsible for milk synthesis and secretion will promote augmentation of milk yield in dairy animals. Identifying protein signatures of lactation will help develop strategies for persistent lactation and shortening the dry period in farm animals. The present review article discusses in details the physiological and molecular changes occurring during lactogenic differentiation of MECs and the associated hormones, regulatory proteins, miRNAs, and signalling pathways. An in-depth knowledge of the molecular events will aid in developing engineered cellular models for studies related to mammary gland diseases of humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Farheen Badrealam Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Division of Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abdullah Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, Pakistan
| | - Amarish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Anjan Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and AH, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Prasana Kumar Rath
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and AH, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- Proteomics and Structural Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | | | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Englund JI, Bui H, Dinç DD, Paavolainen O, McKenna T, Laitinen S, Munne P, Klefström J, Peuhu E, Katajisto P. Laminin matrix adhesion regulates basal mammary epithelial cell identity. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:285829. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Mammary epithelium is a bilayered ductal network composed of luminal and basal epithelial cells, which together drive the growth and functional differentiation of the gland. Basal mammary epithelial cells (MECs) exhibit remarkable plasticity and progenitor activity that facilitate epithelial expansion. However, their activity must be tightly regulated to restrict excess basal cell activity. Here, we show that adhesion of basal cells to laminin α5-containing basement membrane matrix, which is produced by luminal cells, presents such a control mechanism. Adhesion to laminin α5 directs basal cells towards a luminal cell fate, and thereby results in a marked decrease of basal MEC progenitor activity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, these effects are mediated through β4-integrin and activation of p21 (encoded by CDKN1A). Thus, we demonstrate that laminin matrix adhesion is a key determinant of basal identity and essential to building and maintaining a functional multicellular epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna I. Englund
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki 1 , Helsinki FI-00014 , Finland
| | - Hien Bui
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki 1 , Helsinki FI-00014 , Finland
| | - Defne D. Dinç
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Laboratory FICAN west, University of Turku 2 , Turku FI-20014 , Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University 3 , Turku FI-20014 , Finland
| | - Oona Paavolainen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Laboratory FICAN west, University of Turku 2 , Turku FI-20014 , Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University 3 , Turku FI-20014 , Finland
| | - Tomás McKenna
- Karolinska Institutet 4 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (CMB) , , Stockholm SE-171 77 , Sweden
| | - Suvi Laitinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki 1 , Helsinki FI-00014 , Finland
| | - Pauliina Munne
- Finnish Cancer Institute, FICAN South Helsinki University Hospital & Translational Cancer Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki 5 , Helsinki FI-00014 , Finland
| | - Juha Klefström
- Finnish Cancer Institute, FICAN South Helsinki University Hospital & Translational Cancer Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki 5 , Helsinki FI-00014 , Finland
| | - Emilia Peuhu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Cancer Laboratory FICAN west, University of Turku 2 , Turku FI-20014 , Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University 3 , Turku FI-20014 , Finland
| | - Pekka Katajisto
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki 1 , Helsinki FI-00014 , Finland
- Karolinska Institutet 4 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology (CMB) , , Stockholm SE-171 77 , Sweden
- University of Helsinki 6 Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences , , Helsinki FI-00014 , Finland
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5
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Sedov E, Koren E, Chopra S, Ankawa R, Yosefzon Y, Yusupova M, Weiss LE, Mahly A, Soffer A, Feldman A, Luxenburg C, Shechtman Y, Fuchs Y. THY1-mediated mechanisms converge to drive YAP activation in skin homeostasis and repair. Nat Cell Biol 2022. [PMID: 35798842 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anchored cells of the basal epidermis constantly undergo proliferation in an overcrowded environment. An important regulator of epidermal proliferation is YAP, which can be controlled by both cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions. Here, we report that THY1, a GPI-anchored protein, inhibits epidermal YAP activity through converging molecular mechanisms. THY1 deficiency leads to increased adhesion by activating the integrin-β1-SRC module. Notably, regardless of high cellular densities, the absence of THY1 leads to the dissociation of an adherens junction complex that enables the release and translocation of YAP. Due to increased YAP-dependent proliferation, Thy1-/- mice display enhanced wound repair and hair follicle regeneration. Taken together, our work reveals THY1 as a crucial regulator of cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions that controls YAP activity in skin homeostasis and regeneration.
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6
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Smith MM, Hayes AJ, Melrose J. Pentosan Polysulphate (PPS), a Semi-Synthetic Heparinoid DMOAD With Roles in Intervertebral Disc Repair Biology emulating The Stem Cell Instructive and Tissue Reparative Properties of Heparan Sulphate. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:406-430. [PMID: 35102748 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the attributes of pentosan polysulphate (PPS) in the promotion of intervertebral disc (IVD) repair processes. PPS has been classified as a disease modifying osteoarthritic drug (DMOAD) and many studies have demonstrated its positive attributes in the countering of degenerative changes occurring in cartilaginous tissues during the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Degenerative changes in the IVD also involve inflammatory cytokines, degradative proteases and cell signalling pathways similar to those operative in the development of OA in articular cartilage. PPS acts as a heparan sulphate (HS) mimetic to effect its beneficial effects in cartilage. The IVD contains small cell membrane HS-proteoglycans (HSPGs) such as syndecan, and glypican and a large multifunctional HS/chondroitin sulphate (CS) hybrid proteoglycan (HSPG2/perlecan) that have important matrix stabilising properties and sequester, control and present growth factors from the FGF, VEGF, PDGF and BMP families to cellular receptors to promote cell proliferation, differentiation and matrix synthesis. HSPG2 also has chondrogenic properties and stimulates the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, expansion of cartilaginous rudiments and has roles in matrix stabilisation and repair. Perlecan is a perinuclear and nuclear proteoglycan in IVD cells with roles in chromatin organisation and control of transcription factor activity, immunolocalises to stem cell niches in cartilage, promotes escape of stem cells from quiescent recycling, differentiation and attainment of pluripotency and migratory properties. These participate in tissue development and morphogenesis, ECM remodelling and repair. PPS also localises in the nucleus of stromal stem cells, promotes development of chondroprogenitor cell lineages, ECM synthesis and repair and discal repair by resident disc cells. The availability of recombinant perlecan and PPS offer new opportunities in repair biology. These multifunctional agents offer welcome new developments in repair strategies for the IVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Smith
- The University of Sydney Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, 247198, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia;
| | - Anthony J Hayes
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, UK, Bioimaging Unit, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - James Melrose
- Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Raymond Purves Lab, Sydney Medical School Northern, Level 10, Kolling Institute B6, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia, 2065.,University of New South Wales, 7800, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 2052;
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7
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Qi L, Knifley T, Chen M, O'Connor KL. Integrin α6β4 requires plectin and vimentin for adhesion complex distribution and invasive growth. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:273711. [PMID: 34897465 PMCID: PMC8917354 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin α6β4 binds plectin to associate with vimentin; however, the biological function remains unclear. Here, we utilized various integrin β4 mutants and CRISPR-Cas9 editing to investigate this association. Upon laminin binding, integrin α6β4 distinctly distributed peripherally as well as centrally, proximal to the nucleus. Upon fibronectin addition, integrin α6β4 was centrally recruited to large focal adhesions (FAs) and enhanced Fak (also known as PTK2) phosphorylation. Integrin β4 plectin-binding mutants or genetic deletion of plectin inhibited β4 recruitment to FAs and integrin α6β4-enhanced cell spreading, migration and three-dimensional invasive growth. Loss of the β4 signaling domain (but retaining plectin binding) blocked migration and invasiveness but not cell spreading, recruitment to FAs or colony growth. Immunostaining revealed that integrin α6β4 redistributed vimentin perinuclearly, where it colocalized with plectin and FAs. Depletion of vimentin completely blocked integrin β4-enhanced invasive growth, Fak phosphorylation and proliferation in three dimensions but not two dimensions. In summary, we demonstrate the essential roles of plectin and vimentin in promoting an invasive phenotype downstream of integrin α6β4. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qi
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA
| | - Teresa Knifley
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA
| | - Kathleen L. O'Connor
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Author for correspondence ()
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8
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Faraldo MM, Glukhova MA, Deugnier MA. Orthotopic Transplantation of Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2471:123-139. [PMID: 35175594 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2193-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The orthotopic transplantation assay has provided important insights into mammary development, stem cell function, and tumorigenesis. Technically, it consists in grafting mammary tissue fragments, organoids, mammospheres, or isolated cells into the fat pads of prepubertal mice from which the endogenous epithelium has been surgically removed, thereby allowing growth and differentiation of mammary epithelial cells in their physiological environment. Here, we describe how is conducted transplantation of epithelial fragments and cells isolated from mouse mammary glands, report the various approaches currently used to evaluate the regeneration and self-renewal properties of mammary stem cells, and highlight the strengths and limitations of this in vivo grafting assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa M Faraldo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3215/INSERM U934, Paris, France.
| | - Marina A Glukhova
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, Paris, France
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9
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Abstract
The mammary gland is a unique tissue and the defining feature of the class Mammalia. It is a late-evolving epidermal appendage that has the primary function of providing nutrition for the young, although recent studies have highlighted additional benefits of milk including the provision of passive immunity and a microbiome and, in humans, the psychosocial benefits of breastfeeding. In this Review, we outline the various stages of mammary gland development in the mouse, with a particular focus on lineage specification and the new insights that have been gained by the application of recent technological advances in imaging in both real-time and three-dimensions, and in single cell RNA sequencing. These studies have revealed the complexity of subpopulations of cells that contribute to the mammary stem and progenitor cell hierarchy and we suggest a new terminology to distinguish these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine J Watson
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Walid T Khaled
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
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10
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Paavolainen O, Peuhu E. Integrin-mediated adhesion and mechanosensing in the mammary gland. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 114:113-25. [PMID: 33187835 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The mammary gland is dynamically remodelled during its postnatal development and the reproductive cycles. This inherent plasticity has been suggested to increase the susceptibility of the organ to carcinogenesis. Morphological changes in the mammary epithelium involve cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration which, in turn, are affected by cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrin adhesion receptors function in the sensing of the biochemical composition, patterning and mechanical properties of the ECM surrounding the cells, and strongly influence cell fate. This review aims to summarize the existing literature on how different aspects of integrin-mediated adhesion and mechanosensing, including ECM composition; stiffness and topography; integrin expression patterns; focal adhesion assembly; dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton; and nuclear mechanotransduction affect mammary gland development, function and homeostasis. As the mechanical properties of a complex tissue environment are challenging to replicate in vitro, emphasis has been placed on studies conducted in vivo or using organoid models. Outright, these studies indicate that mechanosensing also contributes to the regulation of mammary gland morphogenesis in multiple ways.
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11
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Cayre S, Faraldo MM, Bardin S, Miserey-Lenkei S, Deugnier MA, Goud B. RAB6 GTPase regulates mammary secretory function by controlling the activation of STAT5. Development 2020; 147:dev.190744. [PMID: 32895290 PMCID: PMC7561474 DOI: 10.1242/dev.190744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Golgi-associated RAB GTPases, RAB6A and RAB6A', regulate anterograde and retrograde transport pathways from and to the Golgi. In vitro, RAB6A/A' control several cellular functions including cell division, migration, adhesion and polarity. However, their role remains poorly described in vivo Here, we generated BlgCre; Rab6a F/F mice presenting a specific deletion of Rab6a in the mammary luminal secretory lineage during gestation and lactation. Rab6a loss severely impaired the differentiation, maturation and maintenance of the secretory tissue, compromising lactation. The mutant epithelium displayed a decreased activation of STAT5, a key regulator of the lactogenic process primarily governed by prolactin. Data obtained with a mammary epithelial cell line suggested that defective STAT5 activation might originate from a perturbed transport of the prolactin receptor, altering its membrane expression and signaling cascade. Despite the major functional defects observed upon Rab6a deletion, the polarized organization of the mammary epithelial bilayer was preserved. Altogether, our data reveal a crucial role for RAB6A/A' in the lactogenic function of the mammary gland and suggest that the trafficking pathways controlled by RAB6A/A' depend on cell-type specialization and tissue context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Cayre
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR144, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Marisa M Faraldo
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR144, Paris F-75005, France.,INSERM, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Sabine Bardin
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR144, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Stéphanie Miserey-Lenkei
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR144, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Marie-Ange Deugnier
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR144, Paris F-75005, France .,INSERM, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Bruno Goud
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR144, Paris F-75005, France
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12
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Iriyama S, Yasuda M, Nishikawa S, Takai E, Hosoi J, Amano S. Decrease of laminin-511 in the basement membrane due to photoaging reduces epidermal stem/progenitor cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12592. [PMID: 32724130 PMCID: PMC7387558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily sunlight exposure damages the epidermal basement membrane (BM) and disrupts epidermal homeostasis. Inter-follicular epidermal stem cells (IFE-SCs) regulate epidermal proliferation and differentiation, which supports epidermal homeostasis. Here, we examine how photoaging affects the function of IFE-SCs and we identify key components in their cellular environment (niche). We found that sun-exposed skin showed a decrease of MCSP-positive and β1-integrin-positive cells concomitantly with a decrease of laminin-511 at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), as compared with sun-protected skin. Higher levels of laminin-511 were associated with not only increased efficiency of colony formation, but also higher expression levels of MCSP as well as other stem cell markers such as Lrig1, ITGB1, CD44, CD46, DLL1, and K15 in keratinocytes from skin of 12- to 62-year-old subjects. UVB exposure to cultured human skin impaired laminin-511 integrity at the dermal-epidermal junction and reduced MCSP-positive basal epidermal cells as well as K15-positive cells. Combined treatment with matrix metalloproteinase and heparanase inhibitors protected the integrity of laminin-511 and inhibited the reduction of MCSP-positive cells and K15-positive cells. These results suggest that photoaging may reduce the levels of MCSP-positive and K15-positive epidermal stem/progenitor cells in the epidermis via loss of laminin-511 at the dermal-epidermal junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Iriyama
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan.
| | - Masahito Yasuda
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Saori Nishikawa
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan
| | - Eisuke Takai
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan
| | - Junichi Hosoi
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan
| | - Satoshi Amano
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, 1-2-11 Takashima, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan
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13
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Zhao C, Zhou Q, Duan H, Wang X, Jia Y, Gong Y, Li W, Dong C, Li Z, Shi W. Laminin 511 Precoating Promotes the Functional Recovery of Transplanted Corneal Endothelial Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1158-1168. [PMID: 32495687 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal endothelial dysfunction is a major cause of corneal blindness and is mainly treated by corneal transplantation. However, the global shortage of donor cornea hampers its application. Intracameral injection of cultured primary corneal endothelial cells (CECs) was recently confirmed in clinical trials. However, abnormal adhesion of the grafted CECs affects the application of this strategy. In this study, we explored if laminin 511 (LN511) improves the therapeutic function of the intracameral CEC injection for corneal endothelial dysfunction. To mimic the late stage of corneal endothelial diseases, intense scraping was developed to remove CECs and extracellular matrix of the posterior Descemet's membrane (DM) without DM removal in rabbits. Then, Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) and LN511 were intracamerally injected as the control and intervention groups, respectively. We found that the injected LN511 could settle and form a coating on the posterior surface of DM. After CEC transplantation, corneal clarity of rabbits in the LN511 group was rapidly recovered within 7 days, whereas the corneal recovery took 14 days in the DPBS group. Corneal thickness of LN511 group decreased to 413.3 ± 20.8 μm 7 days after operation, which was significantly lower than 1086.3 ± 78.6 μm of DPBS group (p < 0.01). Moreover, for the grafted CECs, LN511 promoted the rapid adhesion, tight junction formation, and expression of Na+/K+-ATPase and ZO-1. In vitro analysis revealed that the functions of LN511 on the cultured human CECs mechanistically depended on the cell density and the nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation of the Yes-associated protein. Our study demonstrated that LN511 precoating promoted the adhesion of the transplanted CECs and enhanced the functional regeneration of the corneal endothelium. Thus, our data suggested that the strategy of LN511 precoating and CECs' intracameral injection could be a potential method for the therapy of corneal endothelial dysfunction. Impact statement Intracameral injection of cultured corneal endothelial cells (CECs) is a potential alternative therapy for corneal endothelial dysfunction and has been proven to be effective in clinical trials. However, abnormal adhesion of the grafted CECs affects its application. In this study, intense scraping was developed to remove CECs and extracellular matrix of the posterior Descemet's membrane (DM) without DM removal for the therapy of late stage of corneal endothelial diseases. Laminin 511 was intracamerally injected to form a coating, improve the posterior DM, enhance the adhesion of the grafted CECs, and promote the functional regeneration of CEC transplantation through Yes-associated protein signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Haoyun Duan
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanni Jia
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Eye Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yajie Gong
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunxiao Dong
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zongyi Li
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiyun Shi
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Eye Hospital, Jinan, China
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14
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Ataca D, Aouad P, Constantin C, Laszlo C, Beleut M, Shamseddin M, Rajaram RD, Jeitziner R, Mead TJ, Caikovski M, Bucher P, Ambrosini G, Apte SS, Brisken C. The secreted protease Adamts18 links hormone action to activation of the mammary stem cell niche. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1571. [PMID: 32218432 PMCID: PMC7099066 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens and progesterone control breast development and carcinogenesis via their cognate receptors expressed in a subset of luminal cells in the mammary epithelium. How they control the extracellular matrix, important to breast physiology and tumorigenesis, remains unclear. Here we report that both hormones induce the secreted protease Adamts18 in myoepithelial cells by controlling Wnt4 expression with consequent paracrine canonical Wnt signaling activation. Adamts18 is required for stem cell activation, has multiple binding partners in the basement membrane and interacts genetically with the basal membrane-specific proteoglycan, Col18a1, pointing to the basement membrane as part of the stem cell niche. In vitro, ADAMTS18 cleaves fibronectin; in vivo, Adamts18 deletion causes increased collagen deposition during puberty, which results in impaired Hippo signaling and reduced Fgfr2 expression both of which control stem cell function. Thus, Adamts18 links luminal hormone receptor signaling to basement membrane remodeling and stem cell activation. How hormonal signaling in the mammary epithelium controls the surrounding extracellular matrix is unclear. Here, the authors show that a secreted protease, Adamts18, induced by upstream estrogen-progesterone activated Wnt4 in myoepithelial cells, remodels the basement membrane and contributes to mammary epithelial stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalya Ataca
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Aouad
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Constantin
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Laszlo
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Beleut
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Medoderm GmbH, Robert Koch-Straße 50 D, 55129, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marie Shamseddin
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Renuga Devi Rajaram
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Jeitziner
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Agora Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Rue du Bugnon 25a, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Timothy J Mead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-ND20, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Marian Caikovski
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Agora Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Rue du Bugnon 25a, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Bucher
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Ambrosini
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-ND20, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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15
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Kiyozumi D, Nakano I, Sato-Nishiuchi R, Tanaka S, Sekiguchi K. Laminin is the ECM niche for trophoblast stem cells. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:3/2/e201900515. [PMID: 31937556 PMCID: PMC6977391 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminin functions as an ECM niche factor for trophoblast stem cells and secures trophoblast stem cell expansion through its interactions with integrin. The niche is a specialized microenvironment for tissue stem cells in vivo. It has long been emphasized that niche ECM molecules act on tissue stem cells to regulate their behavior, but the molecular entities of these interactions remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we report that laminin forms the in vivo ECM niche for trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), the tissue stem cells of the placenta. TSCs expressed fibronectin-binding, vitronectin-binding, and laminin-binding integrins, whereas the integrin ligands present in the TSC niche were collagen and laminin. Therefore, the only niche integrin ligand available for TSCs in vivo was laminin. Laminin promoted TSC adhesion and proliferation in vitro in an integrin binding–dependent manner. Importantly, when the integrin-binding ability of laminin was genetically ablated in mice, the size of the TSC population was significantly reduced compared with that in control mice. The present findings underscore an ECM niche function of laminin to support tissue stem cell maintenance in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiji Kiyozumi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Itsuko Nakano
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoko Sato-Nishiuchi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Romagnoli M, Bresson L, Di-Cicco A, Pérez-Lanzón M, Legoix P, Baulande S, de la Grange P, De Arcangelis A, Georges-Labouesse E, Sonnenberg A, Deugnier MA, Glukhova MA, Faraldo MM. Laminin-binding integrins are essential for the maintenance of functional mammary secretory epithelium in lactation. Development 2020; 147:dev.181552. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.181552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Integrin dimers α3/β1, α6/β1 and α6/β4 are the mammary epithelial cell receptors for laminins, which are major components of the mammary basement membrane. The roles of specific basement membrane components and their integrin receptors in the regulation of functional gland development have not been analyzed in detail. To investigate the functions of laminin-binding integrins, we obtained mutant mice with mammary luminal cell-specific deficiencies of the α3 and α6 integrin chains generated by the Cre-Lox approach. During pregnancy, mutant mice displayed decreased luminal progenitor activity and retarded lobulo-alveolar development. Mammary glands appeared functional at the onset of lactation in mutant mice, however myoepithelial cell morphology was markedly altered, suggesting cellular compensation mechanisms involving cytoskeleton reorganization. Notably, lactation was not sustained in mutant females, and the glands underwent precocious involution. Inactivation of the p53 gene rescued the growth defects but did not restore lactogenesis in mutant mice. These results suggest that the p53 pathway is involved in the control of mammary cell proliferation and survival downstream of laminin-binding integrins and underline an essential role of cell interactions with laminin for lactogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Romagnoli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Laura Bresson
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Amandine Di-Cicco
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - María Pérez-Lanzón
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Patricia Legoix
- Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Baulande
- Institut Curie Genomics of Excellence (ICGex) Platform, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Adèle De Arcangelis
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7104/INSERM U964/ULP, F-67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Elisabeth Georges-Labouesse
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7104/INSERM U964/ULP, F-67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Ange Deugnier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France
- Inserm, Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Marina A. Glukhova
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France
- Inserm, Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Marisa M. Faraldo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France
- Inserm, Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
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17
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Abstract
The mammary gland is a highly dynamic organ that undergoes profound changes within its epithelium during puberty and the reproductive cycle. These changes are fueled by dedicated stem and progenitor cells. Both short- and long-lived lineage-restricted progenitors have been identified in adult tissue as well as a small pool of multipotent mammary stem cells (MaSCs), reflecting intrinsic complexity within the epithelial hierarchy. While unipotent progenitor cells predominantly execute day-to-day homeostasis and postnatal morphogenesis during puberty and pregnancy, multipotent MaSCs have been implicated in coordinating alveologenesis and long-term ductal maintenance. Nonetheless, the multipotency of stem cells in the adult remains controversial. The advent of large-scale single-cell molecular profiling has revealed striking changes in the gene expression landscape through ontogeny and the presence of transient intermediate populations. An increasing number of lineage cell-fate determination factors and potential niche regulators have now been mapped along the hierarchy, with many implicated in breast carcinogenesis. The emerging diversity among stem and progenitor populations of the mammary epithelium is likely to underpin the heterogeneity that characterizes breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai Yang Fu
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Tumour-Host Interaction Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma Nolan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Tumour-Host Interaction Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoffrey J Lindeman
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Tumour-Host Interaction Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane E Visvader
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Tumour-Host Interaction Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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