1
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Berkal MA, Nardin C. Pesticide biosensors: trends and progresses. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:5899-5924. [PMID: 37668672 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides, chemical substances extensively employed in agriculture to optimize crop yields, pose potential risks to human and environmental health. Consequently, regulatory frameworks are in place to restrict pesticide residue concentrations in water intended for human consumption. These regulations are implemented to safeguard consumer safety and mitigate any adverse effects on the environment and public health. Although gas chromatography- and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS and LC-MS) are highly efficient techniques for pesticide quantification, their use is not suitable for real-time monitoring due to the need for sophisticated laboratory pretreatment of samples prior to analysis. Since they would enable analyte detection with selectivity and sensitivity without sample pretreatment, biosensors appear as a promising alternative. These consist of a bioreceptor allowing for specific recognition of the target and of a detection platform, which translates the biological interaction into a measurable signal. As early detection systems remain urgently needed to promptly alert and act in case of pollution, we review here the biosensors described in the literature for pesticide detection to advance their development for use in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corinne Nardin
- Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau, France.
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2
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Tang Y, Zhan X, Zheng J, Xie Z, Zhu S, Wu Y. Facile colorimetric smartphone-based biosensor for rapid detection of organophosphorus pesticides residues in environment using the aptamer-enhanced oxidase activity of octahedral Ag 2O particles. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1264:341325. [PMID: 37230725 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The long-term and excessive use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) leads to hazardous residues in the environment, which threatens human health to a considerable extent. Colorimetric methods can quickly and readily identify pesticide residue, but they still have various challenges in accuracy and stability. Herein, a smartphone-assisted and non-enzymatic colorimetric biosensor was constructed for rapid monitoring of multiple OPs based on the enhanced effect of aptamer on the catalytic ability of octahedral Ag2O. It was demonstrated that the aptamer sequence could enhance the affinity of colloidal Ag2O to chromogenic substrates, and accelerate the generation of oxygen radicals such as superoxide radical (·O2-) and singlet oxygen (1O2) from dissolved oxygen, thereby significantly increasing the oxidase activity of octahedral Ag2O. The color change of the solution can be easily converted to the corresponding RGB values by a smartphone for quantitative and rapid detection of multiple OPs. Hence, the smartphone-based and visual biosensor of multiple OPs was acquired with limit of detection of 10 μg L-1, 28 μg L-1 and 40 μg L-1 for isocarbophos, profenofos and omethoate, respectively. The colorimetric biosensor also exhibited good recoveries in several environmental and biological samples, showing that it may have broad application prospects for detecting OPs residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiangqiang Zhan
- Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Wuliangye Yibin Co., Ltd, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhengmin Xie
- Wuliangye Yibin Co., Ltd, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuangju Zhu
- Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuangen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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3
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Zhou C, Wen R, Tian J, Lu J. Isocarbophos determination using a nanozyme-catalytic photoelectrochemical fuel cell-based aptasensor. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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4
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Shen Y, Gao X, Chen H, Wei Y, Yang H, Gu Y. Ultrathin C 3N 4 nanosheets-based oxidase-like 2D fluorescence nanozyme for dual-mode detection of organophosphorus pesticides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 451:131171. [PMID: 36913745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Engineering efficient dual-mode portable sensor with built-in cross reference correction is of great significance for onsite reliable and precise detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and evading the false-positive outputs, especially in emergency case. Currently, most nanozyme-based sensors for OPs monitoring primarily replied on the peroxidase-like activity, which involved unstable and toxic H2O2. In this scenario, a hybrid oxidase-like 2D fluorescence nanozyme (PtPdNPs@g-C3N4) was yielded by in situ growing PtPdNPs in the ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheet. When acetylcholinesterase (AChE) hydrolyzed acetylthiocholine (ATCh) to thiocholine (TCh), it ablated O2-• from the dissolved O2 catalyzed by PtPdNPs@g-C3N4's oxidase-like activity, hampering the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) into 2,3-diaminophenothiazine (DAP). Consequently, with the increasing concentration of OPs which inhibited the blocking effect by inactivating AChE, the produced DAP caused an apparent color change and a dual-color ratiometric fluorescence change in the response system. Through integrating into a smartphone, a H2O2-free 2D nanozyme-based onsite colorimetric and fluorescence dual-mode visual imaging sensor for OPs was proposed with acceptable results in real samples, which holds vast promise for further development of commercial point-of-care testing platform in early warning and controlling of OPs pollution for safeguarding environmental health and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhong Shen
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yunlong Wei
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China.
| | - Ying Gu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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5
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Hu R, Shi J, Tian C, Chen X, Zuo H. Nucleic Acid Aptamers for Pesticides, Toxins, and Biomarkers in Agriculture. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200230. [PMID: 36410759 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers are short single-stranded DNA/RNA (ssDNA/RNA) oligonucleotides that can selectively bind to the targets. They are widely used in medicine, biosensing, and diagnostic assay. They have also been identified and extensively used for various targets in agriculture. In this review we summarize the progress of nucleic acid aptamers on pesticides (herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides), toxins, specific biomarkers of crops, and plant growth regulators in agricultural field in recent years. The basic process of aptamer selection, the already identified DNA/RNA aptamers and the aptasensors are discussed. We also discuss the future perspectives and the challenges for aptamer development in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongping Hu
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610066, P. R. China
| | - Jun Shi
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Crop Characteristic Resources Creation, and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621023 (P. R., China
| | - Cheng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis, and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610066, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis, and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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6
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Sun R, Lv R, Du T, Li Y, Zhang Y, Chen L, Qi Y. Freeze-thaw induced co-assembly of multi-enzyme immobilized AuNPs probes for fast detection of glucose and hypoxanthine. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Khosropour H, Kalambate PK, Kalambate RP, Permpoka K, Zhou X, Chen GY, Laiwattanapaisal W. A comprehensive review on electrochemical and optical aptasensors for organophosphorus pesticides. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:362. [PMID: 36044085 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
There has been a rise in pesticide use as a result of the growing industrialization of agriculture. Organophosphorus pesticides have been widely applied as agricultural and domestic pest control agents for nearly five decades, and they remain as health and environmental hazards in water supplies, vegetables, fruits, and processed foods causing serious foodborne illness. Thus, the rapid and reliable detection of these harmful organophosphorus toxins with excellent sensitivity and selectivity is of utmost importance. Aptasensors are biosensors based on aptamers, which exhibit exceptional recognition capability for a variety of targets. Aptasensors offer numerous advantages over conventional approaches, including increased sensitivity, selectivity, design flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. As a result, interest in developing aptasensors continues to expand. This paper discusses the historical and modern advancements of aptasensors through the use of nanotechnology to enhance the signal, resulting in high sensitivity and detection accuracy. More importantly, this review summarizes the principles and strategies underlying different organophosphorus aptasensors, including electrochemical, electrochemiluminescent, fluorescent, and colorimetric ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Khosropour
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Pramod K Kalambate
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Rupali P Kalambate
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Khageephun Permpoka
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - George Y Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Wanida Laiwattanapaisal
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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8
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Colorimetric and fluorescent probes for the rapid detection of profenofos in farmland system. Food Chem 2022; 393:133321. [PMID: 35653988 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Colorimetric and fluorescent sensors were developed for the detection of profenofos. The colorimetric assay relied on the aggregation of cysteine modified gold nanoparticles (Au-cys) composite caused by the hydrogen bond and Au-S bond between profenofos and Au-cys. The further addition of S, N-doped carbon quantum dots (CDs) (fluorescence quantum yield up to 98%) into the Au-cys system depended on the change of fluorescence intensity of Au-cys-CDs owing to the inner filter effect between Au-cys and CDs. Under the optimal conditions, the sensor exhibits good linearity within 0.2-1.2 mg L-1 and 20-320 μg L-1, and limit of detection of 21.7 μg L-1 and 5.5 μg L-1 in colorimetry and fluorescence mode, respectively. The developed sensor did not only possess favorable selectivity and sensitivity, but also feasibility of usage in the actual detection of profenofos in farmland system samples.
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9
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Gao S, Yang G, Zhang X, Lu Y, Chen Y, Wu X, Song C. β-Cyclodextrin Polymer-Based Host-Guest Interaction and Fluorescence Enhancement of Pyrene for Sensitive Isocarbophos Detection. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:12747-12752. [PMID: 35474801 PMCID: PMC9026021 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of organophosphorus pesticides in agriculture poses a high risk to human health and has boosted the demands for developing sensitive monitoring methods. Herein, we developed a facile and sensitive method for isocarbophos detection based on the remarkable fluorescence enhancement of pyrene during host-guest interaction of β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP) and pyrene. The 3'-pyrene-labeled isocarbophos aptamer could be cleaved by exonuclease I to obtain free pyrene that was tagged on mononucleotides, which could enter the hydrophobic cavity of β-CDP, resulting in a prominent fluorescence enhancement. While the target isocarbophos was added, aptamer could undergo a conformational change into a hairpin complex, which prevented the cleavage and host-guest interaction because of the steric hindrance, leading to a weak fluorescence. The isocarbophos has been sensitively and selectively analyzed by detecting the system fluorescence intensity with a detection limit as low as 1.2 μg/L. In addition, we have verified the ability of our proposed method in real sample detection from fruit extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gao
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Gege Yang
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College
of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of
Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- E-mail:
| | - Chunxia Song
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- E-mail:
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10
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Dong H, Xu D, Wang G, Meng X, Sun X, Yang Q, Guo Y, Zhu Y. Broad-specificity time-resolved fluorescent immunochromatographic strip for simultaneous detection of various organophosphorus pesticides based on indirect probe strategy. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1051-1059. [PMID: 35195143 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00067a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The massive use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) poses a great threat to food safety, human health and environmental protection. As there are many kinds of pesticides, their detection is facing a severe challenge. The simultaneous detection of multiple organophosphorus pesticides in one test is a problem to be solved at present. In this paper, a time-resolved fluorescent immunochromatographic (TRFIA) strip is prepared by using broad-specificity antibodies (Abs) of OPs as the recognition element. Abs were connected to europium oxide latex microspheres using sheep anti-mouse antibodies (SaMIgG) to form an indirect probe. This strategy could effectively realize signal amplification, and could save the amount and protect the activity of Abs. After the detection, the color change of the test line (T-line) was observed to make qualitative judgment under UV-light (365 nm). Then, the images of the positive sample were analyzed by using ImageJ to complete the quantitative detection. Under optimal construction and operating conditions, the limit of detection of the strip could reach 0.53 ng g-1. And the TRFIA strip performed well in the additive test of vegetable samples. It is inexpensive to prepare, convenient to carry, and easy to operate. More importantly, it improves the detection efficiency and meets the needs of rapid field testing of a large number of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Dong
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
- Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Deyan Xu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
- Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Guanjie Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
- Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Xiaoya Meng
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
- Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Xia Sun
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
- Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
- Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Yemin Guo
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
- Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Yelong Zhu
- Zhenjiang Sanlong Ecological Agriculture Development Company Limited, Rongbing Quyang Village, Zhenjiang 212001, China
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Non-immobilized GO-SELEX of aptamers for label-free detection of thiamethoxam in vegetables. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1202:339677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Wang X, Yang Y, Yin Y, Zeng N, Dong Y, Liu J, Wang L, Yang Z, Yang C. High-Throughput Aptamer Microarrays for Fluorescent Detection of Multiple Organophosphorus Pesticides in Food. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3173-3179. [PMID: 35133802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel high-throughput aptamer microarray fluorescent method based on thioflavin T (ThT) was established for the sensitive detection of phoxim, parathion, fensulfothion, and isocarbophos. In this work, the aptamers in binding buffer tended to have the antiparallel G-quadruplex structure, which can bind ThT and release its potential fluorescence signal. However, when the organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) were present, partial aptamers preferred to bind them, forcing the displacement of ThT from the G-quadruplex and resulting in the significant decrease in fluorescence signal. Under optimal experimental conditions (12T spacer, 300 nM aptamer, and 80 μM ThT), the OP aptamer microarray has low limits of detection of 25.4 ng/mL for phoxim, 12.0 ng/mL for parathion, 7.7 ng/mL for fensulfothion, and 9.9 ng/mL for isocarbophos. The accuracy and reliability of the method is further verified by testing the recovery rate of OPs spiked in two different complicated sample matrices (pears and radishes). It is worth mentioning that not only the developed aptamer microarray technology has low sensitivity and a broad spectrum, but it also allows for high-throughput and rapid analysis of a variety OPs, which overcomes some of the shortcomings of other OP detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15 North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15 North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yingai Yin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15 North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ni Zeng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15 North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yiyang Dong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No.15 North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, No.5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Lei Wang
- AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, No. 8 Hangcai Road, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, No. 8 Hangcai Road, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Chunsheng Yang
- AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, No. 8 Hangcai Road, Beijing 100089, China
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Sun R, Zou H, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Chen L, Lv R, Sheng R, Du T, Li Y, Wang H, Qi Y. Vancomycin recognition and induced-aggregation of the Au nanoparticles through freeze-thaw for foodborne pathogen Staphylococcus aureus detection. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1190:339253. [PMID: 34857141 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by foodborne pathogens have become a serious public health problem. It is urgent to develop simple, rapid, and visual methods for pathogen detection. Herein, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), aptamer and vancomycin (Van) based dual-recognition molecules and magnetic enrichment were combined to realize visual detection of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Initially, S. aureus was bounded to aptamer coupled Fe3O4 with high affinity and selectivity, which can achieve the separation and enrichment of S. aureus in complex sample matrix. Subsequently, the second recognition molecule, Van, was conjugated to S. aureus -Apt - Fe3O4. Finally, the unbound Van supernatant was dropped in AuNPs solution that induced the aggregation of the AuNPs through freeze-thaw. Firstly, it was found that AuNPs were stable in the presence of Van after a freeze-thaw cycle. A facile visual colorimetric detection of S. aureus was constructed with the linear range from 101 to 104 CFU/mL and the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.2 CFU/mL. By altering the aptamer, this method can be extended to the other Gram-positive bacteria. The proposed method has great potential applications in monitoring food contamination and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Sun
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Hangjin Zou
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Xinming Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Lixia Chen
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Ruijuan Lv
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Rongtian Sheng
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Ting Du
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Yuhan Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China
| | - Yanfei Qi
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, PR China.
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Aptamer-binding zirconium-based metal-organic framework composites prepared by two conjunction approaches with enhanced bio-sensing for detecting isocarbophos. Talanta 2022; 236:122822. [PMID: 34635212 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel label-free and enzyme-free detection strategy has been developed for the electrochemical biosensor detection of isocarbophos (ICP) using UiO-66-NH2 and aptamer as the signal transducers. In this work, the ICP aptamers were attached to UiO-66-NH2 through physical mixing and chemical combination methods. In the presence of ICP, the aptamers could undergo conformational change and bind to them, which prevent the electron transfer to the surface of electrode. By comparing the two conjunction approaches of aptasensors, these proposed strategies could selectively and sensitively detect ICP with a detection limit of 6 ng mL-1 (20.74 nM) and 0.9 ng mL-1 (3.11 nM). Furthermore, we have also demonstrated the capability of this strategy in the detection of ICP in real samples from vegetable and fruit extract, indicating the potential application of this strategy in food safety issues.
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15
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Xie M, Zhao F, Zhang Y, Xiong Y, Han S. Recent advances in aptamer-based optical and electrochemical biosensors for detection of pesticides and veterinary drugs. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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A novel electrochemiluminescence aptasensor based on copper-gold bimetallic nanoparticles and its applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 194:113601. [PMID: 34530372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor was structured for the detection of four organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). Firstly, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used to create a favorable loading interface for the fixation of tris (2, 2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) (Ru (bpy)32+). At the same time, copper (core)-gold (shell) bimetallic nanoparticles (Cu@Au NPs) were synthesized in the aqueous phase for the sensor construction. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) could promote the electrochemiluminescence intensity of Ru (bpy)32+ with high efficiency by catalyzing the oxidation process of tri-n-propylamine (TPrA). Compared with the Au NPs, Cu@Au NPs increased the solid loading of Au NPs by virtue of the large specific surface area of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs), which could further improve the sensitivity of aptasensor. When OPs were added, the ECL intensity was significantly reduced, and the concentration of OPs could be detected through the ECL intensity. Under the optimum conditions, the aptasensor had a wider dynamic range and ultra-low detection limit for the detection of four pesticides: profenofos, isocarbophos, phorate, and omethoate, and their detection limits were 3 × 10-4 ng/mL, 3 × 10-4 ng/mL, 3 × 10-3 ng/mL, and 3 × 10-2 ng/mL respectively (S/N = 3). The aptasensor had the merits of good stability, reproducibility, and specificity, and had a favorable recovery rate in detecting OPs residues in vegetables. This work provided an effective method for the construction of a simple, rapid, and sensitive biosensor.
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17
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Abstract
Optical imaging is an indispensable tool in clinical diagnostics and fundamental biomedical research. Autofluorescence-free optical imaging, which eliminates real-time optical excitation to minimize background noise, enables clear visualization of biological architecture and physiopathological events deep within living subjects. Molecular probes especially developed for autofluorescence-free optical imaging have been proven to remarkably improve the imaging sensitivity, penetration depth, target specificity, and multiplexing capability. In this Review, we focus on the advancements of autofluorescence-free molecular probes through the lens of particular molecular or photophysical mechanisms that produce long-lasting luminescence after the cessation of light excitation. The versatile design strategies of these molecular probes are discussed along with a broad range of biological applications. Finally, challenges and perspectives are discussed to further advance the next-generation autofluorescence-free molecular probes for in vivo imaging and in vitro biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Jiang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457, Singapore.,School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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18
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Bhattu M, Verma M, Kathuria D. Recent advancements in the detection of organophosphate pesticides: a review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:4390-4428. [PMID: 34486591 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01186c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are generally utilized for the protection of crops from pests. Because the use of OPPs in various agricultural operations has expanded dramatically, precise monitoring of their concentration levels has become the critical issue, which will help in the protection of ecological systems and food supply. However, the World Health Organization (WHO) has classified them as extremely dangerous chemical compounds. Taking their immense use and toxicity into consideration, the development of easy, rapid and highly sensitive techniques is necessary. Despite the fact that there are numerous conventional ways for detecting OPPs, the development of portable sensors is required to make routine analysis considerably more convenient. Some of these advanced techniques include colorimetric sensors, fluorescence sensors, molecular imprinted polymer-based sensors, and surface plasmon resonance-based sensors. This review article specifically focuses on the colorimetric, fluorescence and electrochemical sensors. In this article, the sensing strategies of these developed sensors, analytical conditions and their respective limit of detection are compiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bhattu
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab 140413, India.
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab 140413, India.
| | - Deepika Kathuria
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab 140413, India.
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19
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A dual-colored persistent luminescence nanosensor for simultaneous and autofluorescence-free determination of aflatoxin B 1 and zearalenone. Talanta 2021; 232:122395. [PMID: 34074391 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins contamination in agricultural products poses a serious threat to human and animal health, so rapid and sensitive nanosensors for simultaneous determination of multiple mycotoxins in food samples are highly desirable for food safety monitoring. Herein, we report the fabrication of functional dual-colored persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) in conjunction with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as a nanosensor for the simultaneous biosensing of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) in food samples. Two types of PLNPs with a single excitation wavelength, Zn2GeO4:Mn2+ and Zn1.25Ga1.5Ge0.25O4:Cr3+,Yb3+,Er3+, are employed as the signal units, and aptamers with high affinity and specificity to the corresponding mycotoxins are used as the recognition units. The nanosensor was fabricated by hybridizing the aptamer modified PLNPs with the complementary DNA modified Fe3O4. The developed nanosensor offers the integrated merits of autofluorescence-free detection of persistent luminescence, the high specificity of aptamer and the high speed of magnetic separation, allowing highly sensitive and selective detection of AFB1 and ZEN in food samples with the limits of detection of 0.29 pg mL-1 for AFB1 and 0.22 pg mL-1 for ZEN and the recoveries of 93.6%-103.2% for AFB1 and 94.7%-105.1% for ZEN. This work also provides a novel universal PLNPs-based optical platform for the simultaneous detection of multiple contaminants in complex samples.
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20
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Phopin K, Tantimongcolwat T. Pesticide Aptasensors-State of the Art and Perspectives. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20236809. [PMID: 33260648 PMCID: PMC7730859 DOI: 10.3390/s20236809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by pesticides in the food chain and the environment is a worldwide problem that needs to be actively monitored to ensure safety. Unfortunately, standard pesticide analysis based on mass spectrometry takes a lot of time, money and effort. Thus, simple, reliable, cost-effective and field applicable methods for pesticide detection have been actively developed. One of the most promising technologies is an aptamer-based biosensor or so-called aptasensor. It utilizes aptamers, short single-stranded DNAs or RNAs, as pesticide recognition elements to integrate with various innovative biosensing technologies for specific and sensitive detection of pesticide residues. Several platforms for aptasensors have been dynamically established, such as colorimetry, fluorometry, electrochemistry, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and so forth. Each platform has both advantages and disadvantages depending on the purpose of use and readiness of technology. For example, colorimetric-based aptasensors are more affordable than others because of the simplicity of fabrication and resource requirements. Electrochemical-based aptasensors have mainly shown better sensitivity than others with exceedingly low detection limits. This paper critically reviews the progression of pesticide aptasensors throughout the development process, including the selection, characterization and modification of aptamers, the conceptual frameworks of integrating aptamers and biosensors, the ASSURED (affordable, sensitive, specific, user-friendly, rapid and robust, equipment-free and deliverable to end users) criteria of different platforms and the future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonrat Phopin
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand;
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Tanawut Tantimongcolwat
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand;
- Correspondence:
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21
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Magnetically controlled colorimetric aptasensor for chlorpyrifos based on copper-based metal-organic framework nanoparticles with peroxidase mimetic property. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:524. [PMID: 32857302 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of a magnetically controlled colorimetric aptasensor for chlorpyrifos is reported. The aptasensor was fabricated by the attachment of the colorimetric labels onto the magnetic carrier due to the hybridization reaction between the complementary DNA and aptamer. Chlorpyrifos detection was realized by monitoring the color changes of the TMB/H2O2 solution before and after incubation of the aptasensor with chlorpyrifos via exposure to external magnetic force. The color change was monitored at 650 nm by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Under the optimal conditions, this magnetically controlled Cu-MOF-based aptasensor showed a detection limit of 4.4 ng/mL with a linear range of 0-1250 ng/mL. The colorimetric aptasensor displayed high selectivity for chlorpyrifos toward other interfering pesticides. The aptasensor was successfully applied for the spiked test of chlorpyrifos in fruits and vegetable samples with good recovery, which were in agreement with data obtained by GC-MS analysis. This magnetically controlled Cu-MOF-based sensing strategy not only leads to development of efficient and facile phase separation, but also expands the MOF's target scope from H2O2 or glucose to pesticides. Graphical abstract.
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22
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Wu S, Li Y, Ding W, Xu L, Ma Y, Zhang L. Recent Advances of Persistent Luminescence Nanoparticles in Bioapplications. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:70. [PMID: 34138268 PMCID: PMC7770784 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-0404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Persistent luminescence phosphors are a novel group of promising luminescent materials with afterglow properties after the stoppage of excitation. In the past decade, persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) with intriguing optical properties have attracted a wide range of attention in various areas. Especially in recent years, the development and applications in biomedical fields have been widely explored. Owing to the efficient elimination of the autofluorescence interferences from biotissues and the ultra-long near-infrared afterglow emission, many researches have focused on the manipulation of PLNPs in biosensing, cell tracking, bioimaging and cancer therapy. These achievements stimulated the growing interest in designing new types of PLNPs with desired superior characteristics and multiple functions. In this review, we summarize the works on synthesis methods, bioapplications, biomembrane modification and biosafety of PLNPs and highlight the recent advances in biosensing, imaging and imaging-guided therapy. We further discuss the new types of PLNPs as a newly emerged class of functional biomaterials for multiple applications. Finally, the remaining problems and challenges are discussed with suggestions and prospects for potential future directions in the biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihang Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Letong Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianbing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Xia Y, Chen T, Chen G, Weng Y, Zeng L, Liao Y, Chen W, Lan J, Zhang J, Chen J. A nature-inspired colorimetric and fluorescent dual-modal biosensor for exosomes detection. Talanta 2020; 214:120851. [PMID: 32278412 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As non-invasive biomarkers, exosomes are of great significance to diseases diagnosis. However, sensitive and accurate detection of exosomes still remains technical challenges. Herein, inspired by nature's "one-to-many" concept, we design a biosensor mimicking the cactus with numerous thorns to detect exosomes. The biosensor is composed of CD63 antibodies, resembling the roots of cactus, to capture exosomes, and the exosomes resemble the stems. Cholesterol-labeled DNA (DNA anchor) binding to streptavidin modified horseradish peroxidase (HRP) can insert into exosomes membrane, which seems the thorns. The readout signal is produced through HRP-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) mediated oxidation of 1,4-phenylenediamine (PPD) to form 2,5-diamino-NN'-bis-(p-aminophenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone di-imine (PPDox). The PPDox can quench fluorescence of fluorescein through inner filter effect (IFE), which provides fluorescent signal for exosomes detection. Based on this principle, the obtained exosomes solution is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by our biosensor, with the comparison to current standard methods by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The linear range is from 1.0 × 104 to 5.0 × 105 particles μL-1 with the limit of detection 3.40 × 103 particles μL-1 and 3.12 × 103 particles μL-1 for colorimetric and fluorescent assays, respectively. Meanwhile, our biosensor exhibits good selectivity, and can eliminate the interference from proteins. This dual-modal biosensor shows favorable performance towards analytical application in clinic samples, pushing one step further towards practical clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaokun Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China
| | - Yunping Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China
| | - Lupeng Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China
| | - Yijuan Liao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350002, PR China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China
| | - Jianming Lan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350002, PR China.
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China.
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