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Kim S, Jang G, Kim H, Lim D, Han KA, Um JW, Ko J. MDGAs perform activity-dependent synapse type-specific suppression via distinct extracellular mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322978121. [PMID: 38900791 PMCID: PMC11214077 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322978121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
MDGA (MAM domain containing glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor) family proteins were previously identified as synaptic suppressive factors. However, various genetic manipulations have yielded often irreconcilable results, precluding precise evaluation of MDGA functions. Here, we found that, in cultured hippocampal neurons, conditional deletion of MDGA1 and MDGA2 causes specific alterations in synapse numbers, basal synaptic transmission, and synaptic strength at GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses, respectively. Moreover, MDGA2 deletion enhanced both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor- and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor-mediated postsynaptic responses. Strikingly, ablation of both MDGA1 and MDGA2 abolished the effect of deleting individual MDGAs that is abrogated by chronic blockade of synaptic activity. Molecular replacement experiments further showed that MDGA1 requires the meprin/A5 protein/PTPmu (MAM) domain, whereas MDGA2 acts via neuroligin-dependent and/or MAM domain-dependent pathways to regulate distinct postsynaptic properties. Together, our data demonstrate that MDGA paralogs act as unique negative regulators of activity-dependent postsynaptic organization at distinct synapse types, and cooperatively contribute to adjustment of excitation-inhibition balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjoon Kim
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
| | - Gyubin Jang
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
| | - Hyeonho Kim
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
| | - Dongseok Lim
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
| | - Kyung Ah Han
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
| | - Ji Won Um
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
| | - Jaewon Ko
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu42988, Korea
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Marcó de la Cruz B, Campos J, Molinaro A, Xie X, Jin G, Wei Z, Acuna C, Sterky FH. Liprin-α proteins are master regulators of human presynapse assembly. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:629-642. [PMID: 38472649 PMCID: PMC11001580 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The formation of mammalian synapses entails the precise alignment of presynaptic release sites with postsynaptic receptors but how nascent cell-cell contacts translate into assembly of presynaptic specializations remains unclear. Guided by pioneering work in invertebrates, we hypothesized that in mammalian synapses, liprin-α proteins directly link trans-synaptic initial contacts to downstream steps. Here we show that, in human neurons lacking all four liprin-α isoforms, nascent synaptic contacts are formed but recruitment of active zone components and accumulation of synaptic vesicles is blocked, resulting in 'empty' boutons and loss of synaptic transmission. Interactions with presynaptic cell adhesion molecules of either the LAR-RPTP family or neurexins via CASK are required to localize liprin-α to nascent synaptic sites. Liprin-α subsequently recruits presynaptic components via a direct interaction with ELKS proteins. Thus, assembly of human presynaptic terminals is governed by a hierarchical sequence of events in which the recruitment of liprin-α proteins by presynaptic cell adhesion molecules is a critical initial step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Marcó de la Cruz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joaquín Campos
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Foundation, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Molinaro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xingqiao Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Assembling and Regulation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gaowei Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiyi Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Assembling and Regulation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Claudio Acuna
- Chica and Heinz Schaller Foundation, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Fredrik H Sterky
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Sclip A, Südhof TC. Combinatorial expression of neurexins and LAR-type phosphotyrosine phosphatase receptors instructs assembly of a cerebellar circuit. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4976. [PMID: 37591863 PMCID: PMC10435579 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic adhesion molecules (SAMs) shape the structural and functional properties of synapses and thereby control the information processing power of neural circuits. SAMs are broadly expressed in the brain, suggesting that they may instruct synapse formation and specification via a combinatorial logic. Here, we generate sextuple conditional knockout mice targeting all members of the two major families of presynaptic SAMs, Neurexins and leukocyte common antigen-related-type receptor phospho-tyrosine phosphatases (LAR-PTPRs), which together account for the majority of known trans-synaptic complexes. Using synapses formed by cerebellar Purkinje cells onto deep cerebellar nuclei as a model system, we confirm that Neurexins and LAR-PTPRs themselves are not essential for synapse assembly. The combinatorial deletion of both neurexins and LAR-PTPRs, however, decreases Purkinje-cell synapses on deep cerebellar nuclei, the major output pathway of cerebellar circuits. Consistent with this finding, combined but not separate deletions of neurexins and LAR-PTPRs impair motor behaviors. Thus, Neurexins and LAR-PTPRs are together required for the assembly of a functional cerebellar circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sclip
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Han KA, Ko J. Orchestration of synaptic functions by WAVE regulatory complex-mediated actin reorganization. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1065-1075. [PMID: 37258575 PMCID: PMC10318009 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), composed of five components-Cyfip1/Sra1, WAVE/Scar, Abi, Nap1/Nckap1, and Brk1/HSPC300-is essential for proper actin cytoskeletal dynamics and remodeling in eukaryotic cells, likely by matching various patterned signals to Arp2/3-mediated actin nucleation. Accumulating evidence from recent studies has revealed diverse functions of the WRC in neurons, demonstrating its crucial role in dictating the assembly of molecular complexes for the patterning of various trans-synaptic signals. In this review, we discuss recent exciting findings on the physiological role of the WRC in regulating synaptic properties and highlight the involvement of WRC dysfunction in various brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ah Han
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), 333 Techno Jungangdae-Ro, Hyeonpoong-Eup, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 42988, Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Jaewon Ko
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), 333 Techno Jungangdae-Ro, Hyeonpoong-Eup, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 42988, Korea.
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea.
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Kim J, Wulschner LEG, Oh WC, Ko J. Trans
‐synaptic mechanisms orchestrated by mammalian synaptic cell adhesion molecules. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2200134. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhu Kim
- Department of Brain Sciences Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) Daegu Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity DGIST Daegu Korea
| | | | - Won Chan Oh
- Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Jaewon Ko
- Department of Brain Sciences Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) Daegu Korea
- Center for Synapse Diversity and Specificity DGIST Daegu Korea
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