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Rager JE, Rider CV. Wrangling Whole Mixtures Risk Assessment: Recent Advances in Determining Sufficient Similarity. Curr Opin Toxicol 2023; 35:100417. [PMID: 37790747 PMCID: PMC10545370 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Human health risk assessments for complex mixtures can address real-world exposures and protect public health. While risk assessors typically prefer whole mixture approaches over component-based approaches, data from the precise exposure of interest are often unavailable and surrogate data from a sufficiently similar mixture(s) are required. This review describes recent advances in determining sufficient similarity of whole, complex mixtures spanning the comparison of chemical features, bioactivity profiles, and statistical evaluation to determine "thresholds of similarity". Case studies, including water disinfection byproducts, botanical ingredients, and wildfire emissions, are used to highlight tools and methods. Limitations to application of sufficient similarity in risk-based decision making are reviewed and recommendations presented for developing best practice guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Rager
- The Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Cynthia V. Rider
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
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Margetts G, Kleidonas S, Zaibi NS, Zaibi MS, Edwards KD. Evidence for anti-inflammatory effects and modulation of neurotransmitter metabolism by Salvia officinalis L. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:131. [PMID: 35550086 PMCID: PMC9101933 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03605-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive health is of great interest to society, with neuroinflammation and systemic inflammation age-related risk factors that are linked to declines in cognitive performance. Several botanical ingredients have been suggested to have benefits in this area including Salvia officinalis (sage), which has shown anti-inflammatory effects and exhibited promising cognitive improvements in multiple human studies. The current study demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects for S. officinalis across a broad set of in vitro models in human cells, and adds further evidence to support modulation of acetylcholine and monoamine neurostransmitter levels as mechanisms that contribute towards the benefits of the herb on cognitive health. Methods The effect of S. officinalis extract on release of multiple cytokines and chemokines was measured in human primary intestinal epithelial cells treated with or without LPS stimulation, and Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) cells in presence or absence of recombinant IL-17A and/or Human IL-17RA/IL-17R Antibody. Antioxidant effects were also assessed in BBB cells incubated with the extract and H2O2. The anti-inflammatory effects of S. officinalis extract were further assessed based on clinically-relevant biomarker readouts across 12 human primary cell-based disease models of the BioMAP Diversity PLUS panel. Results S. officinalis showed significant attenuation of the release of most cytokines/chemokines into apical media in LPS-stimulated intestinal cells, but small increases in the release of markers including IL-6, IL-8 in basolateral media; where TNF-α was the only marker to be significantly reduced. S. officinalis attenuated the release of CRP and VCAM-1 from BBB cells under IL-17A induced conditions, and also decreased H2O2 induced ROS overproduction in these cells. Phenotypic profiling with the BioMAP Diversity PLUS Panel identified additional anti-inflammatory mediators, and based on a similarity search analysis suggested potential mechanistic similarity to caffeic acid and drugs known to inhibit COMT and MAO activity to modulate monoamine metabolism. Subsequent in vitro assessment showed that S. officinalis was able to inhibit the activity of these same enzymes. Conclusions S. officinalis extract showed anti-inflammatory effects across multiple human cell lines, which could potentially reduce peripheral inflammation and support cognitive health. S. officinalis extract also showed the ability to inhibit enzymes related to the metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters, suggesting possible dopaminergic and serotonergic effects acting alongside proposed cholinergic effects to mediate acute cognitive performance benefits previously demonstrated for the extract. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03605-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Margetts
- The Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Institute for Biomedical and Bioscience Research, The University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham, MK18 1EG, UK
| | - Sotirios Kleidonas
- Sibelius Ltd, 20 East Central, 127 Olympic Avenue, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4SA, UK
| | - Nawel S Zaibi
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Hospital Claude Huriez, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Mohamed S Zaibi
- The Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Institute for Biomedical and Bioscience Research, The University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham, MK18 1EG, UK.
| | - Kieron D Edwards
- Sibelius Ltd, 20 East Central, 127 Olympic Avenue, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4SA, UK.
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Wang W, Sheng L, Chen Y, Li Z, Wu H, Ma J, Zhang D, Chen X, Zhang S. Total coumarin derivates from Hydrangea paniculata attenuate renal injuries in cationized-BSA induced membranous nephropathy by inhibiting complement activation and interleukin 10-mediated interstitial fibrosis. Phytomedicine 2022; 96:153886. [PMID: 35026512 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total coumarins extracted from Hydrangea. Paniculata, Sieb (HP) have showed renal protective effect in several experimental acute and chronic kidney diseases. PURPOSE The aim of current study is to evaluate renal protective effect of HP against cationized-BSA (c-BSA) induced experimental membranous nephritis (MN), and further investigate its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Rat MN model was established by intravenous injection of 5 mg c-BSA for consecutive 14 days, and after albuminuria confirmed, HP was orally administrated with 7.5, 15, 30 mg/kg for nine weeks. The renal function was measured and histopathological injuries were observed. RNA sequencing was used to analyze the altered signaling pathways in kidneys. Pharmacokinetics was performed to investigate the pharmacodynamics of major ingredients in HP and possible metabolites. Discover X platform helped to clarify the possible molecular mechanisms of major compound in HP. RESULTS HP administration could significantly improve the renal function, and ameliorate the dyslipidemia and histopathological injuries. mRNA sequencing demonstrated that HP had anti-inflammation and anti-fibrosis effects possible through down-regulating the complement activation and PI3K-AKT pathways. Pharmacokinetics demonstrated that skimmin and 7-hydoxycoumarin (7-HC) were major compound or metabolite in plasma after oral administration. Based on Discover X platform, we confirmed that skimmin and 7-HC inhibited the IL10 production by inflammatory macrophages through blocking PI3K-AKT and NFκB signaling pathways. Finally, we demonstrated that HP protected tubulointerstitium from complement attack by reducing the C3 self-production and auto-cleavage in tubular cells. CONCLUSIONS HP has a renal protective effect, and its drug development may provide one alternative strategy to treat immune-mediated nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weida Wang
- State key laboratory of bioactive substances and functions of natural medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Li Sheng
- State key laboratory of bioactive substances and functions of natural medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- State key laboratory of bioactive substances and functions of natural medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Zhaojun Li
- State key laboratory of bioactive substances and functions of natural medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Haijie Wu
- State key laboratory of bioactive substances and functions of natural medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- State key laboratory of bioactive substances and functions of natural medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- State key laboratory of bioactive substances and functions of natural medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- State key laboratory of bioactive substances and functions of natural medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China.
| | - Sen Zhang
- State key laboratory of bioactive substances and functions of natural medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China.
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Simms L, Mason E, Berg EL, Yu F, Rudd K, Czekala L, Trelles Sticken E, Brinster O, Wieczorek R, Stevenson M, Walele T. Use of a rapid human primary cell-based disease screening model, to compare next generation products to combustible cigarettes. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 2:309-321. [PMID: 34485931 PMCID: PMC8408431 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing number of public health bodies, regulators and governments around the world consider electronic vapor products a lower risk alternative to conventional cigarettes. Of critical importance are rapid new approach methodologies to enable the screening of next generation products (NGPs) also known as next generation tobacco and nicotine products. In this study, the activity of conventional cigarette (3R4F) smoke and a range of NGP aerosols (heated tobacco product, hybrid product and electronic vapor product) captured in phosphate buffered saline, were screened by exposing a panel of human cell-based model systems using Biologically Multiplexed Activity Profiling (BioMAP® Diversity PLUS® Panel, Eurofins Discovery). Following exposure, the biological activity for a wide range of biomarkers in the BioMAP panel were compared to determine the presence of toxicity signatures that are associated with specific clinical findings. NGP aerosols were found to be weakly active in the BioMAP Diversity PLUS Panel (≤3/148 biomarkers) whereas significant activity was observed for 3R4F (22/148 biomarkers). Toxicity associated biomarker signatures for 3R4F included immunosuppression, skin irritation and thrombosis, with no toxicity signatures seen for the NGPs. BioMAP profiling could effectively be used to differentiate between complex mixtures of cigarette smoke or NGP aerosol extracts in a panel of human primary cell-based assays. Clinical validation of these results will be critical for confirming the utility of BioMAP for screening NGPs for potential adverse human effects.
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Key Words
- ACM, aerosol collected mass
- AhR, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor
- Alternative methods
- COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- EVP, Electronic vapor product
- HDFn, Human neonatal dermal fibroblasts
- HTP, Heated Tobacco Product
- HUVEC, Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- HYB, Hybrid product containing e-liquid drawn through a tobacco plug
- IL, interleukin
- ISO, International Organization for Standardization
- In vitro assays
- MOA, Mechanism of action
- M−CSF, Macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- NGP, Next generation product
- NRC, National Research Council
- NRF2, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
- Next generation products
- PBMC, Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PBS, Phosphate buffered saline
- Panel
- Phenotypic screening
- SRB, Sulforhodamine B
- TCR, T cell receptor
- TF, Tissue factor
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- TPM, Total particulate matter
- Toxicity signature
- bPBS, Bubbled phosphate buffered saline
- mTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Simms
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Elizabeth Mason
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Ellen L. Berg
- Eurofins Discovery, Inc., 111 Anza Blvd, Suite 414, Burlingame, CA 94010, USA
| | - Fan Yu
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Kathryn Rudd
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Lukasz Czekala
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Edgar Trelles Sticken
- Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, An Imperial Brands PLC Company, Albert-EinsteinRing-7, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oleg Brinster
- Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, An Imperial Brands PLC Company, Albert-EinsteinRing-7, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roman Wieczorek
- Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, An Imperial Brands PLC Company, Albert-EinsteinRing-7, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Tanvir Walele
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Rose
- Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Sanket Gadhia
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | - Kaushal Joshi
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | - Dan Selechnick
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | | | - Anne Marie Api
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
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Chantzi E, Neidlin M, Macheras GA, Alexopoulos LG, Gustafsson MG. COMBSecretomics: A pragmatic methodological framework for higher-order drug combination analysis using secretomics. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232989. [PMID: 32407402 PMCID: PMC7224510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi drug treatments are increasingly used in the clinic to combat complex and co-occurring diseases. However, most drug combination discovery efforts today are mainly focused on anticancer therapy and rarely examine the potential of using more than two drugs simultaneously. Moreover, there is currently no reported methodology for performing second- and higher-order drug combination analysis of secretomic patterns, meaning protein concentration profiles released by the cells. Here, we introduce COMBSecretomics (https://github.com/EffieChantzi/COMBSecretomics.git), the first pragmatic methodological framework designed to search exhaustively for second- and higher-order mixtures of candidate treatments that can modify, or even reverse malfunctioning secretomic patterns of human cells. This framework comes with two novel model-free combination analysis methods; a tailor-made generalization of the highest single agent principle and a data mining approach based on top-down hierarchical clustering. Quality control procedures to eliminate outliers and non-parametric statistics to quantify uncertainty in the results obtained are also included. COMBSecretomics is based on a standardized reproducible format and could be employed with any experimental platform that provides the required protein release data. Its practical use and functionality are demonstrated by means of a proof-of-principle pharmacological study related to cartilage degradation. COMBSecretomics is the first methodological framework reported to enable secretome-related second- and higher-order drug combination analysis. It could be used in drug discovery and development projects, clinical practice, as well as basic biological understanding of the largely unexplored changes in cell-cell communication that occurs due to disease and/or associated pharmacological treatment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Chantzi
- Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Signals and Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail: (EC); (MGG)
| | - Michael Neidlin
- Biomedical Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leonidas G. Alexopoulos
- Biomedical Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mats G. Gustafsson
- Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Signals and Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail: (EC); (MGG)
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Sauer UG, Barter RA, Becker RA, Benfenati E, Berggren E, Hubesch B, Hollnagel HM, Inawaka K, Keene AM, Mayer P, Plotzke K, Skoglund R, Albert O. 21 st Century Approaches for Evaluating Exposures, Biological Activity, and Risks of Complex Substances: Workshop highlights. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 111:104583. [PMID: 31935484 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The June 2019 workshop 21st Century Approaches for Evaluating Exposures, Biological Activity, and Risks of Complex Substances, co-organised by the International Council of Chemical Association's Long-Range Research Initiative and the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, is summarised. Focus was the need for improved approaches to evaluate the safety of complex substances. Approximately 10% and 20% of substances registered under the EU chemicals legislation are 'multi-constituent substances' and 'substances of unknown or variable compositions, complex reaction products and biological substances' (UVCBs), respectively, and UVCBs comprise approximately 25% of the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory. Workshop participants were asked to consider how the full promise of new approach methodologies (NAMs) could be brought to bear to evaluate complex substances. Sessions focused on using NAMs for screening, biological profiling, and in complex risk evaluations; improving read-across approaches employing new data streams; and methods to evaluate exposure and dosimetry. The workshop concluded with facilitated discussions to explore actionable steps forward. Given the diversity of complex substances, no single 'correct' approach was seen as workable. The path forward should focus on 'learning by doing' by developing and openly sharing NAM-based fit-for-purpose case examples for evaluating biological activity, exposures and risks of complex substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula G Sauer
- Scientific Consultancy - Animal Welfare, Neubiberg, Germany.
| | | | | | - Emilio Benfenati
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Hubesch
- European Chemical Industry Council (Cefic), Brussels, Belgium; Hubesch Consult BVBA, Sint-Pieters-Leeuw, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Philipp Mayer
- Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Océane Albert
- European Chemical Industry Council (Cefic), Brussels, Belgium
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Becker RA. Transforming regulatory safety evaluations using New Approach Methodologies: A perspective of an industrial toxicologist. Current Opinion in Toxicology 2019; 15:93-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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