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Lee NR, Meng RY, Rah SY, Jin H, Ray N, Kim SH, Park BH, Kim SM. Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Autophagy by Ursolic Acid Inhibits Growth and Metastasis of Esophageal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9409. [PMID: 33321911 PMCID: PMC7764507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) possesses various pharmacological activities, such as antitumorigenic and anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of UA against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (TE-8 cells and TE-12 cells). The cell viability assay showed that UA decreased the viability of ESCC in a dose-dependent manner. In the soft agar colony formation assay, the colony numbers and size were reduced in a dose-dependent manner after UA treatment. UA caused the accumulation of vacuoles and LC3 puncta, a marker of autophagosome, in a dose-dependent manner. Autophagy induction was confirmed by measuring the expression levels of LC3 and p62 protein in ESCC cells. UA increased LC3-II protein levels and decreased p62 levels in ESCC cells. When autophagy was hampered using 3-methyladenine (3-MA), the effect of UA on cell viability was reversed. UA also significantly inhibited protein kinase B (Akt) activation and increased p-Akt expression in a dose-dependent manner in ESCC cells. Accumulated LC3 puncta by UA was reversed after wortmannin treatment. LC3-II protein levels were also decreased after treatment with Akt inhibitor and wortmannin. Moreover, UA treatment increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ESCC in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Diphenyleneiodonium (an ROS production inhibitor) blocked the ROS and UA induced accumulation of LC3-II levels in ESCC cells, suggesting that UA-induced cell death and autophagy are mediated by ROS. Therefore, our data indicate that UA inhibits the growth of ESCC cells by inducing ROS-dependent autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ri Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Ruo Yu Meng
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (R.Y.M.); (N.R.)
| | - So-Young Rah
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.-Y.R.); (B.H.P.)
| | - Hua Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Navin Ray
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (R.Y.M.); (N.R.)
| | - Seong-Hun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Byung Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.-Y.R.); (B.H.P.)
| | - Soo Mi Kim
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (R.Y.M.); (N.R.)
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Pham MQ, Le TTH, Do TL, Pham THM, Pham QL, Nguyen PH, To DC. Identification of Cytotoxic Constituents from the Whole Plant of Isodon ternifolius. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20953243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A new oxygenated spiroketone, isodonspiroketone (1), and 4 known ones (2-5) were isolated from the whole plant of Isodon ternifolius (D.Don) Kudô. The structure of isodonspiroketone (1) was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectral data. Compound 3 has not been previously isolated from I. ternifolius. Their cytotoxic activities were evaluated against A549, HepG2, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines in vitro. New compound (isodonspiroketone, 1) showed moderate cytotoxic activities against A549, HepG2, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines with half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 23.84 ± 2.73, 27.77 ± 3.01, and 17.26 ± 1.61 μM, respectively; meanwhile, the others were inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Quan Pham
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Thuy-Huong Le
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tien-Lam Do
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Hong-Minh Pham
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quoc-Long Pham
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phi-Hung Nguyen
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dao-Cuong To
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong district, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Phenikaa Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, Hoang Ngan, Cau Giay district, Hanoi, Vietnam
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An K, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Yan S, Hou Z, Cao M, Liu G, Dong C, Gao J, Liu G. Neferine induces apoptosis by modulating the ROS‑mediated JNK pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1116-1126. [PMID: 32705225 PMCID: PMC7388582 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatments for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have limited efficacy. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic targets to effectively manage the disease and boost survival rates is imperative Neferine, a natural product extracted from Nelumbo nucifera (lotus) leaves, has been revealed to inhibit the growth of hepatocarcinoma, breast cancer and lung cancer cells. However, its effect on ESCC is unknown. In the present study, it was revealed that neferine exerted anti‑proliferative effects in ESCC. It was also revealed that it triggered arrest of the G2/M phase and enhanced apoptosis of ESCC cell lines. Moreover, its ability to trigger accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activate the c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) pathway was demonstrated. Further study revealed how N‑acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS inhibitor, attenuated these effects, demonstrating that ROS and JNK inhibitors mediated a marked reversal of neferine‑triggered cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in ESCC cells. Finally, it was revealed that neferine was involved in the inhibition of Nrf2, an antioxidant factor. Collectively, these findings demonstrated the antitumor effect of neferine in ESCC, through the ROS‑mediated JNK pathway and inhibition of Nrf2, indicating its potential as a target for development of novel and effective therapeutic agents against ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Yuehan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Yingjiao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Shengxi Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Zhaowei Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Meng Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Guangkuo Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Juncha Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Gaifang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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Liu W, Chai Y, Hu L, Wang J, Pan X, Yuan H, Zhao Z, Song Y, Zhang Y. Polyphyllin VI Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy via Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated JNK and P38 Activation in Glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2275-2288. [PMID: 32214827 PMCID: PMC7078907 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s243953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyphyllin VI (PPVI), a bioactive component derived from a traditional Chinese herb Paris polyphylla, exhibits potential antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as breast and lung cancers. However, its effect on glioma remains unknown. Methods Five glioma cell lines (U251, U343, LN229, U87 and HEB) and an animal model were employed in the study. Anti-proliferation effects of PPVI were first determined using CCK-8 cell proliferation and clone formation assays, then reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell cycle progression and apoptosis effects measured by flow cytometry. The effect of PPVI on protein expression was quantified by Western blot analysis. Results Data showed that PPVI inhibited the proliferation of glioma cell lines by modulating the G2/M phase. Additionally, incubation of cells with PPVI promoted apoptosis, autophagy, increased accumulation of ROS and activated ROS-modulated JNK and p38 pathways. On the other hand, N-acetyl cysteine, a ROS inhibitor, attenuated PPVI-triggered effects. Furthermore, JNK and p38 inhibitors ameliorated PPVI-triggered autophagy and apoptosis in glioma cells. In vivo assays showed that PPVI inhibited tumor growth of U87 cell line in nude mice. Conclusion Overall, these data suggested that PPVI might be an effective therapeutic agent for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People's Republic of China
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Kwak AW, Choi JS, Liu K, Lee MH, Jeon YJ, Cho SS, Yoon G, Oh HN, Chae JI, Shim JH. Licochalcone C induces cell cycle G1 arrest and apoptosis in human esophageal squamous carcinoma cells by activation of the ROS/MAPK signaling pathway. J Chemother 2020; 32:132-143. [DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2020.1721175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Won Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Young-Joo Jeon
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Na Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, BK21 Plus, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Jin J, Qiu S, Wang P, Liang X, Huang F, Wu H, Zhang B, Zhang W, Tian X, Xu R, Shi H, Wu X. Cardamonin inhibits breast cancer growth by repressing HIF-1α-dependent metabolic reprogramming. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:377. [PMID: 31455352 PMCID: PMC6712736 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardamonin, a chalcone isolated from Alpiniae katsumadai, has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. However, the molecular mechanism by which cardamonin inhibits breast cancer progression largely remains to be determined. Methods CCK-8 and Hoechst 33258 staining were used to detect cell growth and apoptosis, respectively. HIF-1α driven transcription was measured by luciferase reporter assay. Glucose uptake and lactate content were detected with 2-NBDG and L-Lactate Assay Kit. Cell metabolism assays were performed on Agilent’s Seahorse Bioscience XF96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured with JC-1 probe. DCFH-DA was used to measure ROS level. Protein expression was detected by western blotting assay. Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure the expression of HIF-1α, LDHA and CD31 in tumor tissues. Results Cardamonin inhibited growth of the triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro and in vivo by suppressing HIF-1α mediated cell metabolism. Cardamonin inhibited the expression of HIF-1α at mRNA and protein levels by repressing the mTOR/p70S6K pathway, and subsequently enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. We also found that cardamonin inhibited the Nrf2-dependent ROS scavenging system which further increased intracellular ROS levels. Eventually, accumulation of the intracellular ROS induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. In addition, cardamonin treatment reduced glucose uptake as well as lactic acid production and efflux, suggesting its function in repressing the glycolysis process. Conclusions These results reveal novel function of cardamonin in modulating cancer cell metabolism and suppressing breast cancer progression, and suggest its potential for breast cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1351-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shuiping Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinhui Tian
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ren Xu
- Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Biopharm 553, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
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An W, Lai H, Zhang Y, Liu M, Lin X, Cao S. Apoptotic Pathway as the Therapeutic Target for Anticancer Traditional Chinese Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:758. [PMID: 31354479 PMCID: PMC6639427 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death and it plays a vital role in human development and tissue homeostasis. Mounting evidence indicates that apoptosis is closely related to the survival of cancer and it has emerged as a key target for the discovery and development of novel anticancer drugs. Various studies indicate that targeting the apoptotic signaling pathway by anticancer drugs is an important mechanism in cancer therapy. Therefore, numerous novel anticancer agents have been discovered and developed from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by targeting the cellular apoptotic pathway of cancer cells and shown clinically beneficial effects in cancer therapy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion for the role, pharmacology, related biology, and possible mechanism(s) of a number of important anticancer TCMs and their derivatives mainly targeting the cellular apoptotic pathway. It may have important clinical implications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiao An
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Honglin Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Wang S, Wang M, Wang M, Tian Y, Sun X, Sun G, Sun X. Bavachinin Induces Oxidative Damage in HepaRG Cells through p38/JNK MAPK Pathways. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E154. [PMID: 29649125 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10040154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury is one of the main causes of drug non-approval and drug withdrawal by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Bavachinin (BVC) is a natural product derived from the fruit of the traditional Chinese herb Fructus Psoraleae (FP). There have been reports of acute liver injury following the administration of FP and its related proprietary medicines. To explore BVC hepatotoxicity and its mechanisms, we used the HepaRG cell line. In our recent research, we showed that BVC induces HepaRG cell death, mainly via BVC-induced oxidative damage. The formation of ROS is closely related to the activation of the stress-activated kinases, JNK and p38, while SP600125 (SP, JNK inhibitor) and SB203580 (SB, p38 inhibitor) pretreatment inhibited the generation of ROS. On the other hand, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) pretreatment prevented the phosphorylation of p38 but not that of JNK. Taken together, these data reveal that BVC induces HepaRG cell death via ROS and the JNK/p38 signaling pathways.
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