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Zhou M, Abid M, Cao S, Zhu S. Recombinant Pseudorabies Virus Usage in Vaccine Development against Swine Infectious Disease. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020370. [PMID: 36851584 PMCID: PMC9962541 DOI: 10.3390/v15020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the pathogen of pseudorabies (PR), which belongs to the alpha herpesvirus subfamily with a double stranded DNA genome encoding approximately 70 proteins. PRV has many non-essential regions for replication, has a strong capacity to accommodate foreign genes, and more areas for genetic modification. PRV is an ideal vaccine vector, and multivalent live virus-vectored vaccines can be developed using the gene-deleted PRV. The immune system continues to be stimulated by the gene-deleted PRVs and maintain a long immunity lasting more than 4 months. Here, we provide a brief overview of the biology of PRV, recombinant PRV construction methodology, the technology platform for efficiently constructing recombinant PRV, and the applications of recombinant PRV in vaccine development. This review summarizes the latest information on PRV usage in vaccine development against swine infectious diseases, and it offers novel perspectives for advancing preventive medicine through vaccinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225306, China
| | - Muhammad Abid
- Viral Oncogenesis Group, The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Shinuo Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225306, China
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (S.Z.); Tel.: +86-150-0469-3053 (S.C.)
| | - Shanyuan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Animal Science and Novel Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225306, China
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (S.Z.); Tel.: +86-150-0469-3053 (S.C.)
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Chen QY, Wu XM, Che YL, Chen RJ, Hou B, Wang CY, Wang LB, Zhou LJ. The Immune Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine Prepared from FJ-2012ΔgE/gI Strain. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1880. [PMID: 36296157 PMCID: PMC9612264 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
An emerging pseudorabies virus (PRV) variant has been reported on Bartha-K61-vaccinated farms since 2011, causing great economic losses to China's swine-feeding industry. In this study, two vaccines, FJ-2012ΔgE/gI-GEL02 and FJ-2012ΔgE/gI-206VG, were administered to piglets for immune efficacy investigation. Humoral immunity response, clinical signs, survival rate, tissue viral load, and pathology were assessed in piglets. The results showed that both vaccines were effective against the PRV FJ-2012 challenge, the piglets all survived while developing a high level of gB-specific antibody and neutralizing antibody, the virus load in tissue was alleviated, and no clinical PR signs or pathological lesions were displayed. In the unimmunized challenged group, typical clinical signs of pseudorabies were observed, and the piglets all died at 7 days post-challenge. Compared with commercial vaccines, the Bartha-K61 vaccine group could not provide full protection, which might be due to a lower vaccine dose; the inactivated vaccine vPRV* group piglets survived, displaying mild clinical signs. The asterisk denotes inactivation. These results indicate that FJ-2012ΔgE/gI-GEL02 and FJ-2012ΔgE/gI-206VG were effective and could be promising vaccines to control or eradicate the new PRV epidemic in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yong Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, FuJian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Xue-Min Wu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, FuJian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Yong-Liang Che
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, FuJian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Ru-Jing Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, FuJian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Bo Hou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, FuJian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Chen-Yan Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, FuJian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Long-Bai Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, FuJian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Lun-Jiang Zhou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, FuJian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
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