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Hain J, Rollin P, Klaffke W, Lindhorst TK. Anomeric modification of carbohydrates using the Mitsunobu reaction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1619-1636. [PMID: 30013688 PMCID: PMC6036978 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mitsunobu reaction basically consists in the conversion of an alcohol into an ester under inversion of configuration, employing a carboxylic acid and a pair of two auxiliary reagents, mostly triphenylphosphine and a dialkyl azodicarboxylate. This reaction has been frequently used in carbohydrate chemistry for the modification of sugar hydroxy groups. Modification at the anomeric position, leading mainly to anomeric esters or glycosides, is of particular importance in the glycosciences. Therefore, this review focuses on the use of the Mitsunobu reaction for modifications of sugar hemiacetals. Strikingly, unprotected sugars can often be converted regioselectively at the anomeric center, whereas in other cases, the other hydroxy groups in reducing sugars have to be protected to achieve good results in the Mitsunobu procedure. We have reviewed on the one hand the literature on anomeric esterification, including glycosyl phosphates, and on the other hand glycoside synthesis, including S- and N-glycosides. The mechanistic details of the Mitsunobu reaction are discussed as well as this is important to explain and predict the stereoselectivity of anomeric modifications under Mitsunobu conditions. Though the Mitsunobu reaction is often not the first choice for the anomeric modification of carbohydrates, this review shows the high value of the reaction in many different circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hain
- Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3–4, D-24118 Kiel, Germany, Fax: +49 431 8807410
| | - Patrick Rollin
- Université d’Orléans et CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans, France, Fax: +33 238 417281
| | - Werner Klaffke
- Haus der Technik e.V., Hollestr. 1, 45127 Essen, Germany, Fax: +49 201 1803269
| | - Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3–4, D-24118 Kiel, Germany, Fax: +49 431 8807410
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Affiliation(s)
- William H. Bunnelle
- Abbott Laboratories, Neuroscience Research, Building AP9A, Department R4MN, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6117, United States
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Li Y, Prakash SR. Synthesis of three isotopically labeled versions and a metabolite of Aurora A kinase inhibitor. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Thomas M, Clarhaut J, Tranoy-Opalinski I, Gesson JP, Roche J, Papot S. Synthesis and biological evaluation of glucuronide prodrugs of the histone deacetylase inhibitor CI-994 for application in selective cancer chemotherapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:8109-16. [PMID: 18692397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Two glucuronide prodrugs of the histone deacetylase inhibitor CI-994 were synthesized. These compounds were found to be soluble in aqueous media and stable under physiological conditions. The carbamoyl derivatisation of CI-994 significantly decreased its toxicity towards NCI-H661 lung cancer cells. Prodrug incubation with beta-glucuronidase in the culture media led efficiently to the release of the parent drug and thereby restoring its ability to decrease cell proliferation, to inhibit HDAC and to induce E-Cadherin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Thomas
- UMR-CNRS 6514, Synthèse et Réactivité des Substances Naturelles, Université de Poitiers, 40 Av. du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
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Lahmann M, Bergström MA, Turek D, Oscarson S. Synthesis of Urine Drug Metabolites: Glucuronosyl Esters of Carboxymefloquine, Indoprofen, (S)‐Naproxen, and Desmethyl (S)‐Naproxen. J Carbohydr Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/car-120034003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lahmann
- a Department of Chemistry , Göteborg University , S‐412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Dominika Turek
- b Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , Stockholm, Sweden
- c AstraZeneca R&D Södertälje , S‐151 85, So¨derta¨lje, Sweden
| | - Stefan Oscarson
- b Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , Stockholm, Sweden
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Lida T, Nakamori R, Yabuta R, Yada S, Takagi Y, Mano N, Ikegawa S, Goto J, Nambara T. Potential bile acid metabolites. 24. An efficient synthesis of carboxyl-linked glucosides and their chemical properties. Lipids 2002; 37:101-10. [PMID: 11876257 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-002-0869-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A facile and efficient synthesis of the carboxyl-linked glucosides of bile acids is described. Direct esterification of unprotected bile acids with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose in pyridine in the presence of 2-chloro-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene as a coupling agent afforded a mixture of the alpha- and beta-anomers (ca. 1:3) of the 1-O-acyl-D-glucoside benzyl ethers of bile acids, which was separated effectively on a C18 reversed-phase chromatography column (isolated yields of alpha- and beta-anomers are 4-9% and 12-19%, respectively). Subsequent hydrogenolysis of the alpha- and beta-acyl glucoside benzyl ethers on a 10% Pd-C catalyst in acetic acid/methanol/EtOAc (1:2:2, by vol) at 35 degrees C under atmospheric pressure gave the corresponding free esters in good yields (79-89%). Chemical specificities such as facile hydrolysis and transesterification of the acyl glucosides in various solvents were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Lida
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities & Sciences, Nihon University, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
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Ghosez L, George-Koch I, Patiny L, Houtekie M, Bovy P, Nshimyumukiza P, Phan T. A general and practical method of synthesis of 2-disubstituted-1-chloro- and 1-bromoenamines. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Stachulski
- Salford Ultrafine Chemicals and Research, Manchester, UK
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De Mesmaeker A, Lebreton J, Waldner A, Fritsch V, Wolf RM. Replacement of the phosphodiester linkage in oligonucleotides: Comparison of two structural amide isomers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1994; 4:873-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)80254-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Pulido R, Gotor V. Towards the selective acylation of secondary hydroxyl groups of carbohydrates using oxime esters in an enzyme-catalyzed process. Carbohydr Res 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(94)90005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Panfil I, Lehman PA, Zimniak P, Ernst B, Franz T, Lester R, Radominska A. Biosynthesis and chemical synthesis of carboxyl-linked glucuronide of lithocholic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta 1992; 1126:221-8. [PMID: 1627626 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(92)90294-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The glucuronidation of lithocholic acid (LA) by phenobarbital-induced male Fischer 344 rat liver microsomes supplemented with UDP-glucuronic acid was studied. A single radioactive metabolite was formed and its structure was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography/particle beam/mass spectrometry (HPLC/PB/MS), both with and without prior methylation and acetylation of the sample. The reaction product was rigorously identified as the 1-O-acyl-beta-D-glucuronide of LA by comparison with a chemically synthesized standard. The chemical synthesis of the acyl glucuronide of LA was accomplished via a condensation reaction using benzyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranuronate. The latter compound was prepared in two steps from benzyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-1-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranuronate via the 1-O-acetyl derivative. The stereoselective beta coupling of LA with 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranuronate was achieved by the Mitsunobu reaction, in the presence of the free hydroxyl function of LA, using triphenylphosphine and diisopropyl azodicarboxylate in THF followed by preparative TLC. The benzylic ester and ether groups were cleaved by hydrogenation with Pd on charcoal as the catalyst. Positive identification of the glucuronide was established by HPLC/PB/MS and 1H-NMR spectra. No side products formed by acyl migration were detected, but the free acyl glucuronide underwent rapid transesterification in methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Panfil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205
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Badman GT, Green DV, Voyle M. A novel synthesis of β-phenylglucuronides using the Mitsunobu reaction; an application of phenolic chromium tricarbonyl complexes. J Organomet Chem 1990; 388:117-21. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(90)85353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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