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Wärme J, Sundqvist MO, Hjort M, Agewall S, Collste O, Ekenbäck C, Frick M, Henareh L, Hofman-Bang C, Spaak J, Sörensson P, Y-Hassan S, Svensson P, Lindahl B, Hofmann R, Tornvall P. Helicobacter pylori and Pro-Inflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Myocardial Infarction with and without Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14143. [PMID: 37762446 PMCID: PMC10531769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) with obstructive coronary artery disease (MI-CAD) and MI in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA) affect different populations and may have separate pathophysiological mechanisms, with greater inflammatory activity in MINOCA compared to MI-CAD. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) can cause systemic inflammation and has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate whether Hp infection is associated with concentrations of protein biomarkers of inflammation and CVD. In a case-control study, patients with MINOCA (n = 99) in Sweden were included, complemented by matched subjects with MI-CAD (n = 99) and controls (n = 100). Protein biomarkers were measured with a proximity extension assay in plasma samples collected 3 months after MI. The seroprevalence of Hp and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) was determined using ELISA. The associations between protein levels and Hp status were studied with linear regression. The prevalence of Hp was 20.2%, 19.2%, and 16.0% for MINOCA, MI-CAD, and controls, respectively (p = 0.73). Seven proteins were associated with Hp in an adjusted model: tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase (MPO), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), pappalysin-1 (PAPPA), soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1). Hp infection was present in one in five patients with MI, irrespective of the presence of obstructive CAD. Inflammatory proteins were elevated in Hp-positive subjects, thus not ruling out that Hp may promote an inflammatory response and potentially contribute to the development of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Wärme
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin O. Sundqvist
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Hjort
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Agewall
- Division of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, NO-0318 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, NO-0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Olov Collste
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Ekenbäck
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-182 88 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Frick
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Loghman Henareh
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, SE-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden
- Coronary Artery Disease Area, Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claes Hofman-Bang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-182 88 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Spaak
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-182 88 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peder Sörensson
- Coronary Artery Disease Area, Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shams Y-Hassan
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, SE-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden
- Coronary Artery Disease Area, Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svensson
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bertil Lindahl
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robin Hofmann
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Tornvall
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden
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Lai JN, Liao YJ, Lin CL, Chang CS, Peng YC. Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication timing on the risk of thromboembolism events in patients with peptic ulcer disease: a population-based cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060361. [PMID: 36002209 PMCID: PMC9413183 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on venous thromboembolism (VTE) events, and the differences between early and late treatment timing. DESIGN A population-based cohort study. SETTING Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. PARTICIPANTS A total of 6736 patients who received H. pylori eradication therapy from 2000 to 2010 were identified. We randomly selected 26 944 subjects matching in gender, age and baseline year as comparison cohort. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The incidence rate ratios of VTE in the H. pylori eradication cohorts to that of the control cohort were examined. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate the relative HRs and 95% CI of VTE development. RESULTS The total incidence rate of VTE was observed in the late H. pylori eradication cohort, the early H. pylori eradication cohort and the control cohort (15.2, 3.04 and 2.91 per 1000 person-years, respectively). An age-specific trend was found in the late H. pylori eradication cohort, with a greater rate of VTE in the 50-65 years and more than 65 years age groups (adjusted HR 5.44; 95% CI 4.21 to 7.03 and 3.13; 95% CI 2.46 to 3.99). With comorbidities, the late H. pylori eradication cohort seemed to have the highest VTE incidence rate and adjusted HR (4.48, 95% CI 3.78 to 5.30). CONCLUSIONS Late H. pylori eradication was associated with a significantly increased risk of VTE, and there was a significantly greater risk of VTE in patients with female gender, age more than 50 years and with comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Nien Lai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jun Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Chung Hsin University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Sen Chang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Di Bonaventura G, Piccolomini R, Pompilio A, Zappacosta R, Piccolomini M, Neri M. Serum and Mucosal Cytokine Profiles in Patients with Active Helicobacter Pylori and Ischemic Heart Disease: Is There a Relationship? Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2016; 20:163-72. [PMID: 17346440 DOI: 10.1177/039463200702000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is designed to investigate, for the first time, circulating and gastric mucosal levels of IL1-α, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and matched controls, according to the presence or absence of active Helicobacter pylori infection. Furthermore, in order to evaluate whether modified lipid profile was associated to an increased cardiovascular risk, this was determined in the same groups. Cytokine levels were measured using ELISA in 58 patients with IHD and 52 controls. Active H. pylori infection was assessed if either culture of H. pylori or rapid urease test gave a positive result. Our findings indicate increasing cytokine mucosal levels in H. pylori-positive patients compared to H. pylori-negative subjects. However, the increase was statistically significant only for IL-6 and TNF-α in the gastric mucosa of IHD patients. In H. pylori-positive controls, IL-8 mucosal levels positively correlated with both IL-1α (r = 0.98; P = 0.0003) and IL-6 (r = 0.83; P = 0.03) levels. Circulating cytokine levels were comparable in IHD and healthy subjects, regardless of H. pylori status. There were no correlations between mucosal and circulating cytokine levels. Active H. pylori infection was not associated with a modified lipid profile in either controls or IHD patients, although ApoAI levels were significantly higher in H. fly/ort'-positive controls compared to those H. pylori-negative. Taken together, the results of the present study provide evidence that active H. pylori infection may play a role as a trigger factor in the pathophysiology of IHD by inducing an inflammatory cascade concentrated on gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Bonaventura
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., Gabriele d'Annunzio University Foundation, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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Matusiak A, Chałubiński M, Broncel M, Rechciński T, Rudnicka K, Miszczyk E, Walencka M, Strapagiel D, Gajewski A, Chmiela M. Putative consequences of exposure to Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with coronary heart disease in terms of humoral immune response and inflammation. Arch Med Sci 2016; 12:45-54. [PMID: 26925118 PMCID: PMC4754360 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.50772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pathogens, including Helicobacter pylori (Hp), have been suggested to contribute to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD), although the evidence still remains insufficient. The study was focused on the exposure of CHD patients to Hp and resulting anti-Hp heat shock protein B HspB antibody production in relation to the level of serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) as a marker of inflammation. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred seventy CHD patients and 58 non-CHD individuals participated in this study. Coronary angiography confirmed the atheromatic background of CHD. The panel of classical risk factors included: arterial hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, obesity and nicotinism. The Hp status was estimated by (13)C urea breath test and serology. Immunoblot and ELISA were used for screening the sera samples for anti-Hp HspB immunoglobulins (Igs) and LBP. RESULTS Coronary heart disease patients were exposed to Hp more frequently than non-CHD individuals. This was associated with increased levels of specific anti-Hp IgG2 and IgA as well as total IgA. Hp infected CHD and non-CHD donors produced anti-Hp HspB IgG cross-reacting with human Hsp 60. In CHD patients the LBP level was significantly higher in comparison to non-CHD donors. This was related to the severity of the disease. Type I Hp strains stimulated higher LBP levels than less pathogenic type II isolates. CONCLUSIONS Lipopolysaccharide binding protein secreted in excess together with anti-Hp HspB, cross-reacting with human Hsp60, may increase the risk of vascular pathologies in Hp-exposed CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Matusiak
- Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Chałubiński
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Biegański Regional Specialty Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marlena Broncel
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Biegański Regional Specialty Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rechciński
- II Cardiology Clinic, Bieganski Regional Specialty Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Rudnicka
- Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Eliza Miszczyk
- Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maria Walencka
- Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dominik Strapagiel
- Biobank Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Adrian Gajewski
- Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chmiela
- Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Sarıcı SU, Gursel O, Kurekci E, Kesik V, Atay A, Okutan V, Inal A, Pekel A, Ozguven MA, Ozcan O. Anticardiolipin Antibodies in Children with Helicobacter pylori Infection. Helicobacter 2015; 20:418-21. [PMID: 25856798 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies are associated with thrombosis and have an important role in the etiology of diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction whose etiologies were based on thrombosis. H. pylori has been proposed to be responsible for the pathophysiology of some diseases including stroke, myocardial infarction, thrombosis, and autoimmune diseases. From this point of view, we hypothesized a possible relationship between H. pylori infection and aCL antibodies and initially aimed to determine the prevalence of aCL antibody positivity in children with H. pylori infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anticardiolipin antibodies were studied in 84 patients before and after eradication therapy and in a control group including 40 children. RESULTS The pretreatment aCL IgA (median 12.78 APL/mL), aCL IgM (median 21.60 MPL/mL), and aCL IgG antibody levels (median 14.22 GPL/mL) were significantly higher than those of post-treatment results (median 5.38 APL/mL, 7.02 MPL/mL, and 6.64 GPL/mL, respectively) and controls (median 5.90 APL/mL, 4.80 MPL/mL, and 4.81 GPL/mL, respectively). Anticardiolipin antibodies revealed no significant differences between the study group after therapy and the control group. CONCLUSIONS In our particular experience, H. pylori can cause aCL antibody positivity in children and eradication of H. pylori provides the disappearance of these antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Umit Sarıcı
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Orhan Gursel
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emin Kurekci
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vural Kesik
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Avni Atay
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vedat Okutan
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Inal
- Department of Immunology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysel Pekel
- Department of Immunology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Ozguven
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Okan Ozcan
- Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
It has become clear that platelets are not simply cell fragments that plug the leak in a damaged blood vessel; they are, in fact, also key components in the innate immune system, which is supported by the presence of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on platelets. As the cells that respond first to a site of injury, they are well placed to direct the immune response to deal with any resulting exposure to pathogens. The response is triggered by bacteria binding to platelets, which usually triggers platelet activation and the secretion of antimicrobial peptides. The main platelet receptors that mediate these interactions are glycoprotein (GP)IIb-IIIa, GPIbα, FcγRIIa, complement receptors, and TLRs. This process may involve direct interactions between bacterial proteins and the receptors, or can be mediated by plasma proteins such as fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, complement, and IgG. Here, we review the variety of interactions between platelets and bacteria, and look at the potential for inhibiting these interactions in diseases such as infective endocarditis and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cox
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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Gursel O, Atay AA, Kurekci AE, Avcu F, Nevruz O, Senses Z, Ozturk E, Hasimi A, Ozcan O. Platelet aggregation in children with Helicobacter pylori infection. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2009; 16:637-42. [PMID: 19633022 DOI: 10.1177/1076029609339747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the platelet aggregation alterations in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) samples of children with Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. Platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen, ristocetin, or epinephrine was studied with photometric aggregometry in 30 patients before and after eradication therapy and in a control group including 15 children. The pretreatment mean maximum aggregation values and slope were significantly lower (P < .0001) in the study group at 10 μmol/L concentrations of ADP (ADP-like defect). The maximum aggregation values and slope revealed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the study group after therapy and the control group. We concluded that H pylori infection may cause dysfunction of platelets in children and can be reversed by H pylori eradication therapy. Further studies should be carried out to determine the mechanisms of platelet dysfunction in children with H pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Gursel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
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Abstract
There are a myriad of options on where and how to perform thrombosis studies in mice. Models have been developed for systemic thrombosis, larger and smaller vessels of both the arterial and venous systems as well as several different microvascular beds. However, there are important differences between the models and investigators need to be careful and thoughtful when they choose which model to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert C Whinna
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7035, USA.
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Pellicano R, Rizzetto M. Helicobacter pylori and coronary artery disease: which is the better target population? Dig Dis Sci 2007; 52:3041-2. [PMID: 17429729 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 12/01/2005] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Abstract
Since its discovery, Helicobacter pylori has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, both digestive and extradigestive. Interestingly, the majority of the extradigestive-related literature is focused on two vascular manifestations: stroke and ischemic heart disease. Potential mechanisms for the establishment of a H. pylori-induced ischemic heart disease have been proposed with regard to chronic inflammation, molecular mimicry, oxidative modifications, endothelial dysfunction, direct effect of the microorganism on atherosclerotic plaques as well as changes regarding traditional or novel risk factors for ischemic heart disease or even platelet-H. pylori interactions. A positive link between H. pylori infection and ischemic heart disease has been suggested by a series of studies focusing on epidemiologic evidence, dyslipidemic alterations, upregulation of inflammatory markers or homocysteine levels, induction of hypercoagulability, oxidation of low-density lipoprotein, causation of impaired endothelial function, detection of H. pylori DNA in atherosclerotic plaques, and participation of certain antigens and antibodies in a cross-reactivity model. There are studies, however, which investigated the relationship between H. pylori and ischemic heart disease with regard to the same parameters and failed to confirm the suggested positive association. Further studies in the direction of interaction between H. pylori and the host's genotype as well as a quest for evidence towards novel risk factors for ischemic heart disease such as oxidative stress, vascular remodeling, vascular calcification, or vasomotor activity, may reveal a field of great interest, thus contributing to the determination of new potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastassios Manolakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
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Abstract
Cardiac thrombosis, one of the causes of sudden death throughout the world, plays a principal role in several cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction and stroke in humans. Data from studies of induction of chemical thrombosis in rodents help to identify substances in our environment that may contribute to cardiac thrombosis. Results for more than 500 chemicals tested in rodents in 2-year bioassays have been published as Technical Reports of the National Toxicology Program (NTP) http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov/index. We evaluated atrial thrombosis induced by these chemical exposures and compared it to similarly induced lesions reported in the literature. Spontaneous rates of cardiac thrombosis were determined for control Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice: 0% in rats and mice in 90-day studies and, in 2-year studies, 0.7% in both genders of mice, 4% in male rats, and 1% in female rats. Incidences of atrial thrombosis were increased in high-dosed groups involving 13 compounds (incidence rate: 20-100%): 2-butoxyethanol, C.I. Direct Blue 15, bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane, diazoaminobenzene, diethanolamine, 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine dihydrochloride, hexachloroethane, isobutene, methyleugenol, oxazepam, C.I. Pigment Red 23, C.I. Acid Red 114, and 4,4'-thiobis(6-t-butyl-m-cresol). The main localization of spontaneously occurring and chemically induced thromboses occurred in the left atrium. The literature survey suggested that chemical-induced atrial thrombosis might be closely related to myocardial injury, endothelial injury, circulatory stasis, hypercoagulability, and impaired atrial mechanical activity, such as atrial fibrillation, which could cause stasis of blood within the left atrial appendage, contributing to left atrial thrombosis. Supplementary data referenced in this paper are not printed in this issue of Toxicologic Pathology. They are available as downloadable files at http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=journal&issn=0192-6233. To access them, click on the issue link for 33(5), then select this article. A download option appears at the bottom of this abstract. In order to access the full article online, you must either have an individual subscription or a member subscription accessed through www.toxpath.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Yoshizawa
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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Elizalde JI, Pérez-Pujol S, Heras M, Sionis A, Casanovas N, Martorell T, Lozano M, González J, Escolar G, Sanz G, Piqué JM. Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on platelet activation and disease recurrence in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Helicobacter 2004; 9:681-9. [PMID: 15610084 DOI: 10.1111/j.1083-4389.2004.00271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet activation is consistently observed in animal models of Helicobacter pylori infection and could help to explain the alleged epidemiological association between H. pylori and coronary heart disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-two patients with recent acute coronary syndromes were enrolled. Helicobacter pylori-positive patients were randomized to receive a 7-day course of omeprazole, amoxycillin and metronidazole or placebos. Two months later, H. pylori status was reassessed and baseline parameters, including soluble P-selectin and platelet surface expression of CD62P, CD63 and CD41, were measured again. Patients were followed-up for 1 year or until death or readmission. RESULTS No baseline differences were observed between H. pylori-positive and -negative cases. Among H. pylori-positive patients, 18 received placebo and 31 received active medication resulting in eradication in 21 cases. No differences were observed in inflammatory parameters or platelet activation markers between patients with persistent or resolved H. pylori infection. However, coronary events recurred at 6 and 12 months, respectively, in 35% and 55% of patients with persisting H. pylori infection compared with 10% and 25% of patients in whom H. pylori was either absent or eradicated (p = .01). Only final H. pylori status [RR 3.07 (95% CI 1.35-98)] and number of coronary risk factors [RR 2.58 (95% CI 1.51-4.41)] were independent predictors of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Infection with H. pylori does not induce significant platelet activation in patients treated for coronary disease. Helicobacter pylori-infected patients, however, may have an increased risk of recurrence of coronary events.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ignasi Elizalde
- Gastroenterology Department, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Blank M, Shoenfeld Y. Beta-2-glycoprotein-I, infections, antiphospholipid syndrome and therapeutic considerations. Clin Immunol 2004; 112:190-9. [PMID: 15240163 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2004.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2004] [Accepted: 02/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Evidence supports the association between infectious agents, antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies and anti-beta2-glycoprotein-I (beta2GPI) antibodies. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the role of bacteria/viruses in induction of an autoimmune condition, such as molecular mimicry between structures of a pathogen and self antigen and bystander activation or bacterial/viral superantigens. Protein databases reveal high homologies between the beta2GPI-related synthetic peptides and infectious agents. Studies employing experimental APS models proved molecular mimicry between beta2GPI-related synthetic peptides, which serve as target epitopes for anti-beta2GPI Abs, and structures within bacteria, viruses (e.g., CMV), and tetanus toxoid. Any explanation of how microbial infections might induce APS must take into account the genetic predisposition. In this paper, we discuss the association of antiphospholipid antibodies, infectious states, and molecular mimicry as a proposed mechanism for development of APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Blank
- Department of Medicine B and The Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 52621, Israel
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Laser literature watch. J Clin Laser Med Surg 2004; 22:69-75. [PMID: 15117491 DOI: 10.1089/104454704773661010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Abstract
The role of Helicobacter pylori infection is explored in more and more extragastric diseases without definite proof in most of the studies, except possibly some hematologic diseases. In cardiovascular diseases, including stroke, the presence of CagA positive strains may be involved. The possible role of helicobacters in hepatobiliary diseases goes beyond that of H. pylori to involve enterohepatic helicobacters. New Helicobacter species are regularly described and molecular methods are developed to improve their detection. Helicobacter felis remains the major species to be used in animal models of Helicobacter infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gasbarrini
- Istituti di Patologia Medica e Medicina Interna, Universita Cattolica, Rome 00168, Italy.
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