Zheng S, Shi A, Hill S, Grant C, Kokkinos MI, Murthi P, Georgiou HM, Brennecke SP, Kalionis B. Decidual mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate endothelial cell proliferation, inflammation, and oxidative stress in a cell culture model of preeclampsia.
Pregnancy Hypertens 2020;
22:37-46. [PMID:
32721892 DOI:
10.1016/j.preghy.2020.07.003]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction contribute substantially to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). Decidual mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (DMSC), reportedly reduce endothelial cell dysfunction and alleviate PE-like symptoms in a murine model. However, as a therapeutic strategy, the use of whole DMSC presents significant technical limitations, which may be overcome by employing DMSC-secreted extracellular vesicles (DMSC_EV). DMSC_EV restoration of endothelial dysfunction through a paracrine effect may alleviate the clinical features of PE.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether DMSC-secreted, extracellular vesicles (DMSC_EV) restore endothelial cell function and reduce oxidative stress.
METHODS
DMSC were isolated from the placentae of uncomplicated term pregnancies and DMSC_EV prepared by ultracentrifugation. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or with serum from PE patients, to model the effects of PE. DMSC_EV were then added to treated HUVEC and their growth profiles, inflammatory state, and oxidative stress levels measured.
RESULTS
DMSC_EV displayed characteristic features of extracellular vesicles. In both LPS- and PE serum-treatment models, addition of DMSC_EV significantly increased HUVEC cell attachment and proliferation, and significantly reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. The addition of DMSC_EV to LPS-treated HUVEC had no significant effect on total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase levels or on lipid peroxidation levels. In contrast, the addition of DMSC_EV to PE serum-treated HUVEC resulted in a significant reduction in levels of lipid peroxidation.
CONCLUSION
Addition of DMSC_EV had beneficial effects in both LPS- and PE serum- treated HUVEC but the two treatment models to induce endothelial cell dysfunction showed differences. The LPS treatment of HUVEC model may not accurately model the endothelial cell dysfunction characteristic of PE. Human cell culture models of PE show that DMSC_EV improve endothelial cell dysfunction in PE, but testing in in vivo models of PE is required.
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