Synthesis of a dihydroxythiophene analogue of catechosporines

Siderophore conjugates

There has been considerable effort expended in the investigation of the potential of siderophore conjugates of antibiotics to circumvent the permeability barrier imposed by the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. There is also a small group of natural conjugates, the sideromycins. Among the synthetic analogues that have been investigated are conjugates of nucleosides, glycopeptides, macrolides, fluroquinolones, and, above all, β-lactams. Despite this effort, few compounds have progressed beyond experimental studies. One compound, the siderophore monosulfactam BAL30072, is in early clinical studies.