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Hopfensperger KM, Adams Q, Kim Y, Wu X, Xu W, Patwardhan K, Thammavong B, Caster J, Flynn RT. Needle-free cervical cancer treatment using helical multishield intracavitary rotating shield brachytherapy with the 169 Yb Isotope. Med Phys 2020; 47:2061-2071. [PMID: 32073669 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the capability of an intracavitary 169 Yb-based helical multishield rotating shield brachytherapy (RSBT) delivery system to treat cervical cancer. The proposed RSBT delivery system contains a pair of 1.25 mm thick platinum partial shields with 45° and 180° emission angles, which travel in a helical pattern within the applicator. METHODS A helically threaded tandem applicator with a 45° tandem curvature containing a helically threaded catheter was designed. A 0.6 mm diameter 169 Yb source with a length of 10.5 mm was simulated. A 37-patient treatment planning study, based on Monte Carlo dose calculations using MCNP5, was conducted with high-risk clinical target volumes (HR-CTVs) of 41.2-192.8 cm3 (average ± standard deviation of 79.9 ± 35.8 cm3 ). All patients were assumed to receive 25 fractions of 1.8 Gy of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) before receiving 5 fractions of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT). For each patient, 192 Ir-based intracavitary (IC) HDR-BT, 192 Ir-based intracavitary/interstitial (IC/IS) HDR-BT using a hybrid applicator with eight IS needles, and 169 Yb-based RSBT plans were generated. RESULTS For the IC, IC/IS, and RSBT treatment plans, 38%, 84%, and 86% of the plans, respectively, met the planning goal of an HR-CTV D90 (minimum dose to hottest 90%) of 85 GyEQD2 (α/β = 10 Gy). Median (25th percentile, 75th percentile) treatment times for IC, IC/IS, and RSBT were 11.71 (6.62, 15.40) min, 68.00 (45.02, 80.02) min, and 25.30 (13.87, 35.39) min, respectively. 192 Ir activities ranging from 159.1-370 GBq (4.3-10 Ci) and 169 Yb activities ranging from 429.2-999 GBq (11.6-27 Ci) were used, which correspond to the same clinical ranges of dose rates at 1 cm off-source-axis in water. Extra needle insertion and planning time beyond that needed for intracavitary-only approaches was accounted for in the IC/IS treatment time calculations. CONCLUSION 169 Yb-based RSBT for cervical cancer met the HR-CTV D90 goal of 85 Gy in a greater percentage of the patients considered than IC/IS (86% vs 84%, respectively) and can reduce overall treatment time relative to IC/IS. 169 Yb-based RSBT could be used to replace IC/IS in instances where IC/IS treatment is not available, especially in instances when HR-CTV volumes are ≥30 cm3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolyn M Hopfensperger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, 1402 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Quentin Adams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Yusung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, 4016 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Weiyu Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, 4016 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kaustubh Patwardhan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | | | - Joseph Caster
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Ryan T Flynn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
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Abstract
Which elements are essential for human life? Here we make an element-by-element journey through the periodic table and attempt to assess whether elements are essential or not, and if they are, whether there is a relevant code for them in the human genome. There are many difficulties such as the human biochemistry of several so-called essential elements is not well understood, and it is not clear how we should classify elements that are involved in the destruction of invading microorganisms, or elements which are essential for microorganisms with which we live in symbiosis. In general, genes do not code for the elements themselves, but for specific chemical species, i.e. for the element, its oxidation state, type and number of coordinated ligands, and the coordination geometry. Today, the biological periodic table is in a position somewhat similar to Mendeleev's chemical periodic table of 1869: there are gaps and we need to do more research to fill them. The periodic table also offers potential for novel therapeutic and diagnostic agents, based on not only essential elements, but also non-essential elements, and on radionuclides. Although the potential for inorganic chemistry in medicine was realized more than 2000 years ago, this area of research is still in its infancy. Future advances in the design of inorganic drugs require more knowledge of their mechanism of action, including target sites and metabolism. Temporal speciation of elements in their biological environments at the atomic level is a major challenge, for which new methods are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prinessa Chellan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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Anjomrouz M, Sadeghi M, Haddadi A. Monte Carlo characterization of 169Yb as a high-dose-rate source for brachytherapy application by FLUKA code. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2013; 14:4298. [PMID: 23835393 PMCID: PMC5714526 DOI: 10.1120/jacmp.v14i4.4298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher initial dose rate and simplifying HDR room treatment of 169Yb element among other brachytherapy sources has led to investigating its feasibility as high‐dose‐rate seed. In this work, Monte Carlo calculation was performed to obtain dosimetric parameters of 169Yb, Model M42 source at different radial distances according to AAPM TG‐43U1 and HEBD Report about HDR sources in both air vacuum and spherical homogeneous water phantom. The deposited energy resulted by FLUKA as Monte Carlo code using binning estimators around 169Yb source was converted into radial dose rate distribution in polar coordinates surrounding the brachytherapy source. The results indicate a dose rate constant of 1.14±0.04cGy.h−1.U−1 with approximate uncertainty of 0.04%, air kerma strength, 1.082±2.6E−06U.mCi−1 and anisotropy function ranging from 0.386 to 1.00 for radial distances of 0.5–10 cm and polar angles of 0°–180°. Overall, FLUKA dosimetric outputs were benchmarked with those published by Cazeca et al. via MCNP5 as one of validate dosimetry datasets related to 169Yb HDR source. As a result, it seems that FLUKA code can be applicable as a valuable tool to Monte Carlo evaluation of novel HDR brachytherapy sources. PACS number: 87.15.ak
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Anjomrouz
- Medical Radiation Engineering Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Nassan L, Achkar B, Yassine T. Nuclear chemical transformations of ytterbium and lutetium radionuclides following (n,γ) and beta decay reactions in Tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyle-3,5-heptanedionato)Yb(III). Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:563-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Krishnamurthy D, Weinberg V, Cunha JAM, Hsu IC, Pouliot J. Comparison of high–dose rate prostate brachytherapy dose distributions with iridium-192, ytterbium-169, and thulium-170 sources. Brachytherapy 2011; 10:461-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lymperopoulou G, Papagiannis P, Sakelliou L, Milickovic N, Giannouli S, Baltas D. A dosimetric comparison of Yb169 versus Ir192 for HDR prostate brachytherapy. Med Phys 2005; 32:3832-42. [PMID: 16475783 DOI: 10.1118/1.2126821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
For the purpose of evaluating the use of 169Yb for prostate High Dose Rate brachytherapy (HDR), a hypothetical 169Yb source is assumed with the exact same design of the new microSelectron source replacing the 192Ir active core by pure 169Yb metal. Monte Carlo simulation is employed for the full dosimetric characterization of both sources and results are compared following the AAPM TG-43 dosimetric formalism. Monte Carlo calculated dosimetry results are incorporated in a commercially available treatment planning system (SWIFT), which features an inverse treatment planning option based on a multiobjective dose optimization engine. The quality of prostate HDR brachytherapy using the real 192Ir and hypothetical 169Yb source is compared in a comprehensive analysis of different prostate implants in terms of the multiobjective dose optimization solutions as well as treatment quality indices such as Dose Volume Histograms (DVH) and the Conformal Index (COIN). Given that scattering overcompensates for absorption in intermediate photon energies and distances in the range of interest to prostate HDR brachytherapy, 169Yb proves at least equivalent to 192Ir irrespective of prostate volume. This has to be evaluated in view of the shielding requirements for the 169Yb energies that are minimal relative to that for 192Ir.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lymperopoulou
- Nuclear and Particle Physics Section, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Ilisia, 157 71 Athens, Greece.
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