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Hachem M, Ahmmed MK, Nacir-Delord H. Phospholipidomics in Clinical Trials for Brain Disorders: Advancing our Understanding and Therapeutic Potentials. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3272-3295. [PMID: 37981628 PMCID: PMC11087356 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03793-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipidomics is a specialized branch of lipidomics that focuses on the characterization and quantification of phospholipids. By using sensitive analytical techniques, phospholipidomics enables researchers to better understand the metabolism and activities of phospholipids in brain disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In the brain, identifying specific phospholipid biomarkers can offer valuable insights into the underlying molecular features and biochemistry of these diseases through a variety of sensitive analytical techniques. Phospholipidomics has emerged as a promising tool in clinical studies, with immense potential to advance our knowledge of neurological diseases and enhance diagnosis and treatment options for patients. In the present review paper, we discussed numerous applications of phospholipidomics tools in clinical studies, with a particular focus on the neurological field. By exploring phospholipids' functions in neurological diseases and the potential of phospholipidomics in clinical research, we provided valuable insights that could aid researchers and clinicians in harnessing the full prospective of this innovative practice and improve patient outcomes by providing more potent treatments for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayssa Hachem
- Department of Chemistry and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Sciences and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mirja Kaizer Ahmmed
- Department of Fishing and Post-Harvest Technology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Houda Nacir-Delord
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Sciences and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Hildebrand F, Schoeny H, Rampler E, Koellensperger G. Scrutinizing different ionization responses of polar lipids in a reversed-phase gradient by implementing a counter-gradient. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1265:341274. [PMID: 37230568 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lipidomics studies strive for a comprehensive identification and quantification of lipids. While reversed phase (RP) liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (MS) offers unrivalled selectivity and thus is the preferred method for lipid identification, accurate lipid quantification remains challenging. The widely adopted one-point lipid class specific quantification (one internal standard per lipid class) suffers from the fact that ionization of internal standard and target lipid occurs under different solvent composition as a consequence of chromatographic separation. To address this issue, we established a dual flow injection and chromatography setup that allows to control solvent conditions during ionization enabling isocratic ionization while running a RP gradient through the use of a counter-gradient. Using this dual LC pump platform, we investigated the impact of solvent conditions within a RP gradient on ionization response and arising quantification biases. Our results confirmed that changing solvent composition significantly influences ionization response. Quantification of human plasma (SRM 1950) lipids under gradient and isocratic ionization conditions further confirmed these findings as significant differences between the two conditions were found for the majority of lipids. While the quantity of sphingomyelins with >40 C atoms was consistently overestimated under gradient ionization, isocratic ionization improved their recovery compared to consensus values. However, the limitation of consensus values was demonstrated as overall only small changes in z-score were observed because of high uncertainties of the consensus values. Furthermore, we observed a trueness bias between gradient and isocratic ionization when quantifying a panel of lipid species standards which is highly dependent on lipid class and ionization mode. Uncertainty calculations under consideration of the trueness bias as RP gradient uncertainty revealed that especially ceramides with >40 C atoms had a high bias leading to total combined uncertainties of up to 54%. The assumption of isocratic ionization significantly decreases total measurement uncertainty and highlights the importance of studying the trueness bias introduced by a RP gradient to reduce quantification uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felina Hildebrand
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Schoeny
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Evelyn Rampler
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Leopold J, Engel KM, Prabutzki P, Schiller J. Combined Use of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and 31P NMR Spectroscopy for the Analysis of (Phospho)Lipids. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2625:183-200. [PMID: 36653644 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2966-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are important and abundant constituents of all biological tissues and body fluids. In particular, phospholipids (PLs) constitute a major part of the cellular membrane and play a role in signal transduction, and some selected PLs are increasingly considered as potential disease markers. Unfortunately, methods of lipid analysis are less established in comparison to techniques of protein analysis. Mass spectrometry (MS) is an increasingly used technique to analyze lipids, especially in combination with electrospray ionization MS, which is the most commonly used ionization technique in lipidomics. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization coupled to time-of-flight MS (MALDI-TOF MS) has itself proven to represent a useful tool in the field of lipid analysis. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, another powerful method for PL analysis, represents a direct quantitative method and does not suffer from suppression effects.This paper gives an overview of methodological aspects of MALDI-TOF MS and 31P NMR in lipid research and summarizes the specific advantages and drawbacks of both methods. In particular, suppression effects in MS will be highlighted, and possible ways to overcome this problem, e.g., the use of different matrices and separation of the relevant lipid mixture prior to analysis, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Leopold
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin M Engel
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patricia Prabutzki
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
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Feuerstein ML, Hernández-Mesa M, Valadbeigi Y, Le Bizec B, Hann S, Dervilly G, Causon T. Critical evaluation of the role of external calibration strategies for IM-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7483-7493. [PMID: 35960317 PMCID: PMC9482903 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The major benefits of integrating ion mobility (IM) into LC-MS methods for small molecules are the additional separation dimension and especially the use of IM-derived collision cross sections (CCS) as an additional ion-specific identification parameter. Several large CCS databases are now available, but outliers in experimental interplatform IM-MS comparisons are identified as a critical issue for routine use of CCS databases for identity confirmation. We postulate that different routine external calibration strategies applied for traveling wave (TWIM-MS) in comparison to drift tube (DTIM-MS) and trapped ion mobility (TIM-MS) instruments is a critical factor affecting interplatform comparability. In this study, different external calibration approaches for IM-MS were experimentally evaluated for 87 steroids, for which TWCCSN2, DTCCSN2 and TIMCCSN2 are available. New reference CCSN2 values for commercially available and class-specific calibrant sets were established using DTIM-MS and the benefit of using consolidated reference values on comparability of CCSN2 values assessed. Furthermore, use of a new internal correction strategy based on stable isotope labelled (SIL) internal standards was shown to have potential for reducing systematic error in routine methods. After reducing bias for CCSN2 between different platforms using new reference values (95% of TWCCSN2 values fell within 1.29% of DTCCSN2 and 1.12% of TIMCCSN2 values, respectively), remaining outliers could be confidently classified and further studied using DFT calculations and CCSN2 predictions. Despite large uncertainties for in silico CCSN2 predictions, discrepancies in observed CCSN2 values across different IM-MS platforms as well as non-uniform arrival time distributions could be partly rationalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L Feuerstein
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Younes Valadbeigi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Stephan Hann
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Tim Causon
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
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