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Lee J, Kumar A, Tüysüz H. Solar-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Oxidative Coupling of Phenol Derivatives over Bismuth-Based Porous Metal Halide Perovskites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202404496. [PMID: 38501354 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The selective oxidative coupling of phenol derivatives, involving carbon-carbon (C-C) and carbon-oxygen (C-O) bond formation, has emerged as a critical approach in the synthesis of natural products. However, achieving precise control over the selectivity in coupling reactions of unsubstituted phenols utilizing solar light as the driving force remains a big challenge. In this study, we report a series of porous Cs3Bi2X9 (X=Cl, Br, I) photocatalysts with tailored band gaps and compositions engineered for efficient solar-light-driven oxidative phenol coupling. Notably, p-Cs3Bi2Br9 exhibited about 73 % selectivity for C-C coupling, displaying a high formation rate of 47.3 μmol gcat -1 h-1 under solar radiation. Furthermore, this approach enables control of the site-selectivity for phenol derivatives on Cs3Bi2X9, enhancing C-C coupling. The distinctive porous structure and appropriate band-edge positions of Cs3Bi2Br9 facilitated efficient charge separation, and surface interaction/activation of phenolic hydroxyl groups, resulting in the kinetically preferred formation of C-C over C-O bond. Mechanistic insights into the reaction pathway, supported by comprehensive control experiments, unveiled the crucial role of interfacial charge transfers and Lewis acid Bi sites in stabilizing phenolic intermediates, thereby directing the regioselectivity of diradical couplings and resulting in the formation of unsymmetrical biphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsun Lee
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Harun Tüysüz
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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2
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Rojas SD, Rafaela G, Espinoza-Villalobos N, Diaz-Droguett DE, Salazar-González R, Caceres-Jensen L, Escalona N, Barrientos L. Role of Nb 2O 5 Crystal Phases on the Photocatalytic Conversion of Lignin Model Molecules and Selectivity for Value-Added Products. ChemSusChem 2024:e202301594. [PMID: 38452280 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The photocatalytic conversion in aqueous media of phenol and guaiacol as a lignin model compound using Nb2O5 with different crystal phases was studied. Nb2O5 particles were synthesized using hydrothermal methods, where it was observed that changes in the solvent control their morphology and crystal phase. Different photocatalytic behavior of Nb2O5 was observed with the selected model compounds, indicating that its selection directly impacts the resulting conversion and selectivity rates as well as the reaction pathway, highlighting the relevance of model molecule selection. Photocatalytic conversion of phenol showed conversion rate (C%) up to 25 % after 2 h irradiation and high selectivity (S%) to pyrogallol (up to 50 %). Orthorhombic Nb2O5 spheres favored conversion through free hydroxyl radicals while monoclinic rods did not convert phenol. Guaiacol photocatalytic oxidation showed high conversion rate but lower selectivity. Orthorhombic and monoclinic Nb2O5 favored the formation of resorcinol with S % ~0.43 % (C % ~33 %) and ~13 % (C % ~27 %) respectively. The mixture of both phases enhanced the guaiacol conversion rate to ~55 % with ~17 % of selectivity to salicylaldehyde. The use of radical scavengers provided information to elucidate the reaction pathway for these model compounds, showing that different reaction pathways may be obtained for the same photocatalyst if the model compound is changed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana D Rojas
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Current Address: Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 1786, Valparaíso, Chile
- Gran Avenida 4160, San Miguel, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriela Rafaela
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Espinoza-Villalobos
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Donovan E Diaz-Droguett
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Energía UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Salazar-González
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lizethly Caceres-Jensen
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica & Analítica (PachemLab), Nucleus of Computational Thinking and Education for Sustainable Development (NuCES), Center for Research in Education (CIE-UMCE), Departamento de Química, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Avenida José Pedro Alessandri 774, Ñuñoa, Santiago, 776019, Chile
| | - Néstor Escalona
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes Towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Barrientos
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nuclei on Catalytic Processes Towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Santiago, Chile
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3
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Liu S, Zhan J, Cai B. Recent advances in photoelectrochemical platforms based on porous materials for environmental pollutant detection. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7940-7963. [PMID: 38454947 PMCID: PMC10915833 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00503a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human health and ecology are seriously threatened by harmful environmental contaminants. It is essential to develop efficient and simple methods for their detection. Environmental pollutants can be detected using photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection technologies. The key ingredient in the PEC sensing system is the photoactive material. Due to the unique characteristics, such as a large surface area, enhanced exposure of active sites, and effective mass capture and diffusion, porous materials have been regarded as ideal sensing materials for the construction of PEC sensors. Extensive efforts have been devoted to the development and modification of PEC sensors based on porous materials. However, a review of the relationship between detection performance and the structure of porous materials is still lacking. In this work, we present an overview of PEC sensors based on porous materials. A number of typical porous materials are introduced separately, and their applications in PEC detection of different types of environmental pollutants are also discussed. More importantly, special attention has been paid to how the porous material's structure affects aspects like sensitivity, selectivity, and detection limits of the associated PEC sensor. In addition, future research perspectives in the area of PEC sensors based on porous materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiben Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University 250100 Jinan China
| | - Jinhua Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University 250100 Jinan China
| | - Bin Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University 250100 Jinan China
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4
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Omar Ben Gubaer S, Shaddad MN, Arunachalam P, Amer MS, Aladeemy SA, Al-Mayouf AM. Enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen redox reactions of iron oxide nanorod films by combining oxygen vacancy formation and cobalt doping. RSC Adv 2023; 13:33242-33254. [PMID: 37964905 PMCID: PMC10641543 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03394e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A synergistic effect of Co-doping and vacuum-annealing on electrochemical redox reactions of iron oxide films is demonstrated in the present work. In this research, a series of defect-rich iron oxy/hydroxide nanorod arrays: α-FeOOH, Fe2O3, and FeOx nanorod thin film catalysts were synthesized via a hydrothermal approach followed by thermal and vacuum treatments. Besides, a cobalt doping process was employed to prepare the thin film of Co-doped FeOx nanorods. The morphology, crystallinity, and electrochemical activities of Co-doped oxygen-deficient FeOx (Co-FeOx/FTO) show strong correlations with metal concentration and thermal treatments. The electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the as-deposited Co-doped FeOx NR catalyst could achieve a maximum OER current of 30 mA cm-2, which was six times greater than that recorded by as-deposited Co-doped FeOOH NR catalysts (5.7 mA cm-2) at 1.65 V vs. RHE, confirming the superior electrocatalytic OER activity at the as-deposited Co-doped FeOx NR catalyst after cobalt doping. It is believed that these results are attributed to two factors: the synergistic effect of Co doping and the defect-rich nature of FeOx nanorod catalysts that are used in sustainable energy systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Omar Ben Gubaer
- Electrochemical Sciences Research Chair (ESRC), Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia +96614675992 +96614675959
| | - Maged N Shaddad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University PO Box 173 Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
| | - Prabhakarn Arunachalam
- Electrochemical Sciences Research Chair (ESRC), Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia +96614675992 +96614675959
| | - Mabrook S Amer
- Electrochemical Sciences Research Chair (ESRC), Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia +96614675992 +96614675959
- K. A. CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center at Riyadh 11454 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saba A Aladeemy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University PO Box 173 Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Al-Mayouf
- Electrochemical Sciences Research Chair (ESRC), Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia +96614675992 +96614675959
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5
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De La Torre P, An L, Chang CJ. Porosity as a Design Element for Developing Catalytic Molecular Materials for Electrochemical and Photochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2302122. [PMID: 37144618 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) using sustainable energy inputs is a promising strategy for upcycling of atmospheric carbon into value-added chemical products. This goal has inspired the development of catalysts for selective and efficient CO2 conversion using electrochemical and photochemical methods. Among the diverse array of catalyst systems designed for this purpose, 2D and 3D platforms that feature porosity offer the potential to combine carbon capture and conversion. Included are covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), porous molecular cages, and other hybrid molecular materials developed to increase active site exposure, stability, and water compatibility while maintaining precise molecular tunability. This mini-review showcases catalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) that incorporate well-defined molecular elements integrated into porous materials structures. Selected examples provide insights into how different approaches to this overall design strategy can augment their electrocatalytic and/or photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia De La Torre
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Lun An
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA
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6
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Cosio MN, Alharbi WS, Sur A, Wang CH, Najafian A, Cundari TR, Powers DC. On the mechanism of intermolecular nitrogen-atom transfer from a lattice-isolated diruthenium nitride intermediate. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:154-168. [PMID: 37186144 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Catalyst confinement within microporous media provides the opportunity to site isolate reactive intermediates, enforce intermolecular functionalization chemistry by co-localizing reactive intermediates and substrates in molecular-scale interstices, and harness non-covalent host-guest interactions to achieve selectivities that are complementary to those accessible in solution. As part of an ongoing program to develop synthetically useful nitrogen-atom transfer (NAT) catalysts, we have demonstrated intermolecular benzylic amination of toluene at a Ru2 nitride intermediate confined within the interstices of a Ru2-based metal-organic framework (MOF), Ru3(btc)2X3 (btc = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate, i.e., Ru-HKUST-1 for X = Cl). Nitride confinement within the extended MOF lattice enabled intermolecular C-H functionalization of benzylic C-H bonds in preference to nitride dimerization, which was encountered with soluble molecular analogues. Detailed study of the kinetic isotope effects (KIEs, i.e., kH/kD) of C-H amination, assayed both as intramolecular effects using partially labeled toluene and as intermolecular effects using a mixture of per-labeled and unlabeled toluene, provided evidence for restricted substrate mobility on the time scale of interstitial NAT. Analysis of these KIEs as a function of material mesoporosity provided approximate experimental values for functionalization in the absence of mass transport barriers. Here, we disclose a combined experimental and computational investigation of the mechanism of NAT from a Ru2 nitride to the C-H bond of toluene. Computed kinetic isotope effects for a H-atom abstraction (HAA)/radical rebound (RR) mechanism are in good agreement with experimental data obtained for C-H amination at the rapid diffusion limit. These results provide the first detailed analysis of the mechanism of intermolecular NAT to a C-H bond, bolster the use of KIEs as a probe of confinement effects on NAT within MOF lattices, and provide mechanistic insights unavailable by experiment because rate-determining mass transport obscured the underlying chemical kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario N Cosio
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, USA.
| | - Waad S Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, USA.
- Chemistry Department, Science College, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishanee Sur
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, USA.
| | - Chen-Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, USA.
| | - Ahmad Najafian
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, USA.
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, USA.
| | - David C Powers
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, USA.
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7
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Cobb SJ, Dharani AM, Oliveira AR, Pereira IAC, Reisner E. Carboxysome-Inspired Electrocatalysis using Enzymes for the Reduction of CO 2 at Low Concentrations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218782. [PMID: 37078435 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The electrolysis of dilute CO2 streams suffers from low concentrations of dissolved substrate and its rapid depletion at the electrolyte-electrocatalyst interface. These limitations require first energy-intensive CO2 capture and concentration, before electrolyzers can achieve acceptable performances. For direct electrocatalytic CO2 reduction from low-concentration sources, we introduce a strategy that mimics the carboxysome in cyanobacteria by utilizing microcompartments with nanoconfined enzymes in a porous electrode. A carbonic anhydrase accelerates CO2 hydration kinetics and minimizes substrate depletion by making all dissolved carbon available for utilization, while a highly efficient formate dehydrogenase reduces CO2 cleanly to formate; down to even atmospheric concentrations of CO2 . This bio-inspired concept demonstrates that the carboxysome provides a viable blueprint for the reduction of low-concentration CO2 streams to chemicals by using all forms of dissolved carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Cobb
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Azim M Dharani
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Ana Rita Oliveira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Inês A C Pereira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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8
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Wang Y, Wang H, Guo L, He T. Boosting the photocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction over BiOCl nanosheet via Cu modification. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:889-897. [PMID: 37327631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 is hindered by slow surface reaction kinetics due to the high activation barrier of CO2 and the lack of activation centers in the photocatalyst. To overcome these limitations, this study focuses on enhancing the photocatalytic performance through incorporating Cu atoms into BiOCl. By introducing a minute amount of Cu (0.18 wt%) into BiOCl nanosheets, significant improvements were achieved, with a CO yield of 38.3 µmol g-1 from CO2 reduction, surpassing that of pristine BiOCl by 50%. To explore the surface dynamics of CO2 adsorption, activation and reactions, in situ DRIFTS was employed. Theoretical calculations were further performed to elucidate the role of Cu in the photocatalytic process. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of Cu into BiOCl induces surface charge redistribution, which facilitates efficient trapping of photogenerated electrons and accelerates the separation of photogenerated charge carriers. Furthermore, Cu modification on BiOCl effectively lowers the activation energy barrier by stabilizing the COOH* intermediate, thereby turning the rate-limiting step from COOH* formation to CO* desorption and boosting the CO2 reduction process. This work unveils the atomic-level role of modified Cu in enhancing the CO2 reduction reaction and presents a novel concept for achieving highly efficient photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongjia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingju Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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9
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Moruzzi F, Zhang W, Purushothaman B, Gonzalez-Carrero S, Aitchison CM, Willner B, Ceugniet F, Lin Y, Kosco J, Chen H, Tian J, Alsufyani M, Gibson JS, Rattner E, Baghdadi Y, Eslava S, Neophytou M, Durrant JR, Steier L, McCulloch I. Solution-processable polymers of intrinsic microporosity for gas-phase carbon dioxide photoreduction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3443. [PMID: 37301872 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Four solution-processable, linear conjugated polymers of intrinsic porosity are synthesised and tested for gas phase carbon dioxide photoreduction. The polymers' photoreduction efficiency is investigated as a function of their porosity, optical properties, energy levels and photoluminescence. All polymers successfully form carbon monoxide as the main product, without the addition of metal co-catalysts. The best performing single component polymer yields a rate of 66 μmol h-1 m-2, which we attribute to the polymer exhibiting macroporosity and the longest exciton lifetimes. The addition of copper iodide, as a source of a copper co-catalyst in the polymers shows an increase in rate, with the best performing polymer achieving a rate of 175 μmol h-1 m-2. The polymers are active for over 100 h under operating conditions. This work shows the potential of processable polymers of intrinsic porosity for use in the gas phase photoreduction of carbon dioxide towards solar fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Moruzzi
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Weimin Zhang
- KAUST Solar Centre, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Balaji Purushothaman
- KAUST Solar Centre, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Soranyel Gonzalez-Carrero
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 7TA, UK
| | - Catherine M Aitchison
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Benjamin Willner
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Fabien Ceugniet
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Yuanbao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jan Kosco
- KAUST Solar Centre, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hu Chen
- School of Physical Sciences, Great Bay University, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Junfu Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Maryam Alsufyani
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Joshua S Gibson
- Henry Royce Institute Oxford Centre for Energy Materials Research, Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Ed Rattner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yasmine Baghdadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Salvador Eslava
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Marios Neophytou
- KAUST Solar Centre, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 7TA, UK
| | - Ludmilla Steier
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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10
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Wilms M, Melendez LV, Hudson RJ, Hall CR, Ratnayake SP, Smith T, Della Gaspera E, Bryant G, Connell TU, Gomez D. Photoinitiated Energy Transfer in Porous-Cage-Stabilised Silver Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202303501. [PMID: 37186332 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We report a new composite material consisting of silver nanoparticles decorated with three-dimensional molecular organic cages based on light absorbing porphyrins. The porphyrin cages serve to both stabilize the particles and allow diffusion and trapping of small molecules close to the metallic surface. Combining these two photoactive components results in a Fano resonant interaction between the porphyrin Soret band and the nanoparticle localised surface plasmon resonance. Time resolved spectroscopy revealed the silver nanoparticles transfer up to 37% of their excited state energy to the stabilising layer of porphyrin cages. These unusual photophysics cause a 2-fold current increase in photoelectrochemical water splitting measurements. The composite structure provides a compelling proof-of-concept for advanced photosensitiser systems with intrinsic porosity for photocatalytic and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rohan J Hudson
- The University of Melbourne, School of Chemistry, AUSTRALIA
| | | | | | - Trevor Smith
- The University of Melbourne, School of Chemistry, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Gary Bryant
- RMIT University, School of Science, AUSTRALIA
| | - Timothy U Connell
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Science, AUSTRALIA
| | - Daniel Gomez
- RMIT University, Chemistry, Melbourne, 3000, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
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Li X, Liu J, Jiang G, Lin X, Wang J, Li Z. Self-supported CsPbBr 3/Ti 3C 2T x MXene aerogels towards efficient photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 643:174-182. [PMID: 37058892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Aerogels, especially MXene aerogels, are an ideal multifunctional platform for developing efficient photocatalysts for CO2 reduction because they are featured by abundant catalytic sites, high electrical conductivity, high gas absorption ability and self-supported structure. However, the pristine MXene aerogel has almost no ability to utilize light, which requires additional photosensitizers to assist it in achieving efficient light harvesting. Herein, we immobilized colloidal CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) onto the self-supported Ti3C2Tx (where Tx represents surface terminations such as fluorine, oxygen, and hydroxyl groups) MXene aerogels for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The resultant CsPbBr3/Ti3C2Tx MXene aerogels exhibit a remarkable photocatalytic activity toward CO2 reduction with total electron consumption rate of 112.6 μmol g-1h-1, which is 6.6-fold higher than that of the pristine CsPbBr3 NC powders. The improvement of the photocatalytic performance is presumably attributed to the strong light absorption, effective charge separation and CO2 adsorption in the CsPbBr3/Ti3C2Tx MXene aerogels. This work presents an effective perovskite-based photocatalyst in aerogel form and opens a new avenue for their solar-to-fuel conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jiale Liu
- Zhejiang Institute of Optoelectronics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devicces, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Guocan Jiang
- Zhejiang Institute of Optoelectronics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devicces, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
| | - Xinyu Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China; Zhejiang Institute of Optoelectronics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
| | - Zhengquan Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China; Zhejiang Institute of Optoelectronics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
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Catherine HN, Liu ZT, Lin CY, Chung PW, Tsunekawa S, Lin SD, Yoshida M, Hu C. Understanding the intermediates and carbon dioxide adsorption of potassium chloride-incorporated graphitic carbon nitride with tailoring melamine and urea as precursors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 633:598-607. [PMID: 36470139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated the synthesis of potassium chloride (KCl)-incorporated graphitic carbon nitride, (g-C3N4, CN) with varying amounts of N-vacancies and pyridinic-N as well as enhanced Lewis basicity, via a single-step thermal polymerization by tailoring the precursors of melamine and urea for carbon oxide (CO2) capture. Melamine, as a precursor, undergoes a phase transformation into melam and triazine-rich g-C3N4, whereas the addition of urea polymerizes the mixture to form melem and heptazine-rich g-C3N4 (CN11). Owing to the abundance of pyridinic-N and the high surface area, CN11 adsorbed higher amounts of CO2 (44.52 μmol m-2 at 25 °C and 1 bar of CO2) than those reported for other template-free carbon materials. Spectroscopic analysis revealed that the enhanced CO2 adsorption is due to the presence of pyridinic-N and Lewis basic sites on the surface. The intermediates of CO2adsorption, including carbonate and bicarbonate species, attached to the CN samples were identified using in-situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). This work provides insights into the mechanism of CO2 adsorption by comparing the structural features of the synthesized KCl-incorporated g-C3N4 samples. CN11, with an excellent CO2 uptake capacity, is viewed as a promising candidate for CO2 capture and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hepsiba Niruba Catherine
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Daan Dist., Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Ting Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli Dist., Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yi Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei City 115, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Chung
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei City 115, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan
| | - Shun Tsunekawa
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-0097, Japan
| | - Shawn D Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Daan Dist., Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Masaaki Yoshida
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-0097, Japan; Blue Energy Center for SGE Technology (BEST), Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-0097, Japan
| | - Chechia Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Daan Dist., Taipei City 106, Taiwan; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli Dist., Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan.
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Li X, Xiong J, Tang Z, He W, Wang Y, Wang X, Zhao Z, Wei Y. Recent Progress in Metal Oxide-Based Photocatalysts for CO 2 Reduction to Solar Fuels: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041653. [PMID: 36838641 PMCID: PMC9961657 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges in developing practical CO2 photoconversion catalysts is the design of materials with a low cost, high activity and good stability. In this paper, excellent photocatalysts based on TiO2, WO3, ZnO, Cu2O and CeO2 metal oxide materials, which are cost-effective, long-lasting, and easy to fabricate, are evaluated. The characteristics of the nanohybrid catalysts depend greatly on their architecture and design. Thus, we focus on outstanding materials that offer effective and practical solutions. Strategies to improve CO2 conversion efficiency are summarized, including heterojunction, ion doping, defects, sensitization and morphology control, which can inspire the future improvement in photochemistry. The capacity of CO2 adsorption is also pivotal, which varies with the morphological and electronic structures. Forms of 0D, 1D, 2D and 3DOM (zero/one/two-dimensional- and three-dimensional-ordered macroporous, respectively) are involved. Particularly, the several advantages of the 3DOM material make it an excellent candidate material for CO2 conversion. Hence, we explain its preparation method. Based on the discussion, new insights and prospects for designing high-efficient metallic oxide photocatalysts to reduce CO2 emissions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Zhiling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Wenjie He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yingli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yuechang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhang G, Chen D, Lu J. A review on black-phosphorus-based composite heterojunction photocatalysts for energy and environmental applications. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhang J, Zhang L, Wang W, Yu J. In Situ Irradiated X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Investigation on Electron Transfer Mechanism in S-Scheme Photocatalyst. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8462-8469. [PMID: 36053788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
S-scheme photocatalysts have demonstrated great potential in solar fuel production. To study the electron transfer pathways in S-scheme heterojunctions, in situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ISIXPS) is an effective and widely used technology. However, the mechanism of ISIXPS in identifying the electron transfer pathways in S-scheme heterojunction has not yet been elucidated. In this Perspective, the development process and the formation mechanism of S-scheme photocatalysts are first introduced. Afterward, the principles of XPS and ISIXPS measurements are thoroughly explained, and the applications of XPS and ISIXPS in confirming the interfacial electron transfer in S-scheme heterojunctions are discussed. Finally, suggestions for future research on the utilization of ISIXPS in S-scheme heterojunctions are proposed. This Perspective will provide deep insight into the electron transfer mechanism in S-scheme photocatalysts through ISIXPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
| | - Liuyang Zhang
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
| | - Wang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Jiaguo Yu
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
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